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Sir Joseph Whitwell Pease, 1st Baronet (23 June 1828 – 23 June 1903) was a British Liberal Party politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1865 to 1903.
He was a banker, an owner of coal and ironstone mines in Durham and Yorkshire, and a director of numerous companies, including the family's original woollen mill business Henry Pease & Co., the family bank J & JW Pease, The Owners of the Middlesbrough Estate, the locomotive manufacturers Robert Stephenson and Company, and the North Eastern Railway of which he became chairman.
He was a J.P. for Durham and a Deputy Lieutenant, J.P. for the North Riding of Yorkshire,Debretts House of Commons and the Judicial Bench 1886
/ref> President of the Peace Society, President of the Society for the Suppression of the Opium Trade, and a campaigner against capital punishment. He was President of the Bootham School Old Scholars Association (BOSA) from 1879 until his death in 1903. At the 1865 general election Pease was elected Member of Parliament for South Durham. He held the seat until it was reorganised under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885. He was created a baronet of Hutton Lowcross and Pinchinthorpe in 1882, the first Quaker to accept an honour from the state, and in 1894 was offered a peerage by
A Quaker collects: Joseph Whitwell Pease of Darlington by Margaretta S. Frederick
About his art collecting. * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Pease, Joseph Whitwell 1828 births 1903 deaths Pease, Joseph Whitwell, 1st Baronet Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Joseph People from Darlington People from County Durham English justices of the peace UK MPs 1865–1868 UK MPs 1868–1874 UK MPs 1874–1880 UK MPs 1880–1885 UK MPs 1885–1886 UK MPs 1886–1892 UK MPs 1892–1895 UK MPs 1895–1900 UK MPs 1900–1906 Deputy Lieutenants of the North Riding of Yorkshire North Eastern Railway (UK) people English Quakers People educated at Bootham School
Biography
Pease was a member of the Darlington Pease family, being the son of Joseph Pease and his wife Emma Gurney, daughter of Joseph Gurney of Lakenham Grove, Norwich. His father was a Quaker industrialist and railway pioneer ofDarlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. The River Skerne flows through the town; it is a tributary of the River Tees. The Tees itself flows south of the town.
In the 19th century, Darlington underwen ...
, and M.P. for South Durham from 1832 to 1841. Pease was educated at the Quaker run Lawrence Street school in York, (which later became Bootham School).
He was a banker, an owner of coal and ironstone mines in Durham and Yorkshire, and a director of numerous companies, including the family's original woollen mill business Henry Pease & Co., the family bank J & JW Pease, The Owners of the Middlesbrough Estate, the locomotive manufacturers Robert Stephenson and Company, and the North Eastern Railway of which he became chairman.
He was a J.P. for Durham and a Deputy Lieutenant, J.P. for the North Riding of Yorkshire,Debretts House of Commons and the Judicial Bench 1886/ref> President of the Peace Society, President of the Society for the Suppression of the Opium Trade, and a campaigner against capital punishment. He was President of the Bootham School Old Scholars Association (BOSA) from 1879 until his death in 1903. At the 1865 general election Pease was elected Member of Parliament for South Durham. He held the seat until it was reorganised under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885. He was created a baronet of Hutton Lowcross and Pinchinthorpe in 1882, the first Quaker to accept an honour from the state, and in 1894 was offered a peerage by
Gladstone
William Ewart Gladstone ( ; 29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British statesman and Liberal politician. In a career lasting over 60 years, he served for 12 years as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, spread over four non-conse ...
, but expressing his indifference left the decision to his eldest son Alfred, who let the matter lapse.''Men of Business and Politics''. M. W. Kirby. George Allen & Unwin. 1984. p.59. . A study of the rise and fall of the Quaker Pease Dynasty of North East England, 1700–1943. At the 1885 general election he was elected MP for Barnard Castle. He held the seat until his death in 1903.
In his capacity as President of the Society for the Suppression of the Opium Trade, Pease attempted to pass a motion in the House of Commons in 1891 to declare the opium trade "morally indefensible" and remove Government support for it. The motion failed to pass (despite majority support in the House) due to an amendment calling for compensation to India, but it brought the anti-opium campaign into the public eye and increased opposition to the trade.
Towards the end of his life, Pease's businesses had problems and in 1902 the Pease Bank failed. He was forced to sell much of his art collection. He died the following year in Falmouth, Cornwall on his 75th birthday.
Family
Pease married Mary Fox, daughter of Alfred Fox of the Fox family of Falmouth on 23 August 1854. They had six daughters and two sons: Alfred Edward Pease, 2nd Bt and Joseph Albert "Jack" Pease, 1st Baron Gainford.See also
* List of political families in the United KingdomReferences
Bibliography
* * *External links
*A Quaker collects: Joseph Whitwell Pease of Darlington by Margaretta S. Frederick
About his art collecting. * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Pease, Joseph Whitwell 1828 births 1903 deaths Pease, Joseph Whitwell, 1st Baronet Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Joseph People from Darlington People from County Durham English justices of the peace UK MPs 1865–1868 UK MPs 1868–1874 UK MPs 1874–1880 UK MPs 1880–1885 UK MPs 1885–1886 UK MPs 1886–1892 UK MPs 1892–1895 UK MPs 1895–1900 UK MPs 1900–1906 Deputy Lieutenants of the North Riding of Yorkshire North Eastern Railway (UK) people English Quakers People educated at Bootham School