Joris in 't Veld (5 July 1895 – 15 February 1981) was a Dutch politician of the
Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) and later the
Labour Party (PvdA) and jurist.
In 't Veld worked as civil servant for municipality of
Dordrecht
Dordrecht (), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, ) or Dort, is a city and municipality in the Western Netherlands, located in the province of South Holland. It is the province's fifth-largest city after R ...
from August 1910 until October 1914 and for the municipality of
Rotterdam
Rotterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Rotte'') is the second largest city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is in the province of South Holland, part of the North Sea mouth of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, via the ''"N ...
from October 1914 until December 1936 as
Municipal clerk
A clerk is a senior official of many municipal governments in the English-speaking world. In some communities, including most in the United States, the position is elected, but in many others, the clerk is appointed to their post. In the UK, a To ...
from January 1936 until December 1936. In 't Veld applied at the
Leiden University
Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; nl, Universiteit Leiden) is a Public university, public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. The university was founded as a Protestant university in 1575 by William the Silent, William, Prince o ...
in June 1921
majoring in
Law
Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been vario ...
and obtaining an
Bachelor of Laws
Bachelor of Laws ( la, Legum Baccalaureus; LL.B.) is an undergraduate law degree in the United Kingdom and most common law jurisdictions. Bachelor of Laws is also the name of the law degree awarded by universities in the People's Republic of Chi ...
degree in July 1923 and worked as a
student researcher before graduating with an
Master of Laws
A Master of Laws (M.L. or LL.M.; Latin: ' or ') is an advanced postgraduate academic degree, pursued by those either holding an undergraduate academic law degree, a professional law degree, or an undergraduate degree in a related subject. In mos ...
degree in July 1926 and later got a
doctorate
A doctorate (from Latin ''docere'', "to teach"), doctor's degree (from Latin ''doctor'', "teacher"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism ''l ...
as an
Doctor of Law
A Doctor of Law is a degree in law. The application of the term varies from country to country and includes degrees such as the Doctor of Juridical Science (J.S.D. or S.J.D), Juris Doctor (J.D.), Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), and Legum Doctor (LL ...
on 1 July 1929. In 't Veld served on the
Provincial-Council of
South Holland
South Holland ( nl, Zuid-Holland ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.7 million as of October 2021 and a population density of about , making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely ...
from June 1931 until January 1937. In December 1936 In 't Veld was nominated as
Mayor of Zaandam, taking office on 1 January 1937. In 't Veld was elected as a
Member of the Senate after the
Senate election of 1937, taking office on 8 June 1937. On 10 May 1940
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
invaded
An invasion is a military offensive in which large numbers of combatants of one geopolitical entity aggressively enter territory owned by another such entity, generally with the objective of either: conquering; liberating or re-establishing con ...
the Netherlands and the
government
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state.
In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...
fled to
London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...
to escape the
German occupation
German-occupied Europe refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly occupied and civil-occupied (including puppet governments) by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 an ...
. During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
In 't Veld continued to serve as a Member of the Senate but in reality the ''
de facto
''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with ''de jure'' ("by la ...
'' political influence of the Senate was marginalized. On 4 March 1941 In 't Veld was
removed from office as Mayor by the
German occupation authority.
Following the end of
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
In 't Veld was reinstated as Mayor of Zaandam, taking office on 7 May 1945. Following the return of the
government-in-exile
A government in exile (abbreviated as GiE) is a political group that claims to be a country or semi-sovereign state's legitimate government, but is unable to exercise legal power and instead resides in a foreign country. Governments in exile u ...
Queen Wilhelmina
Wilhelmina (; Wilhelmina Helena Pauline Maria; 31 August 1880 – 28 November 1962) was Queen of the Netherlands
The monarchy of the Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy. As such, the role and position of the monarch are governed by the ...
ordered a
Recall of Parliament A recall of Parliament is a parliamentary procedure involving an extraordinary sitting of a parliament, occurring outside the time when that parliament would usually meet, such as over a weekend, or when the parliament would normally be in recess. ...
and In 't Veld remained a Member of the Senate, taking office on 20 November 1945. In 't Veld was appointed as
Minister of Reconstruction and Housing in the
Cabinet Beel I following the appointment of
Lambertus Neher as Special Representative to the
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies ( nl, Nederlands(ch)-Indië; ), was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia. It was formed from the nationalised trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, which ...
, taking office on 1 March 1948. After the
Senate election of 1948 In 't Veld returned briefly as a Member of the Senate, serving from 28 July 1948 until 8 August 1948. After the
election of 1948 In 't Veld continued as Minister of Reconstruction and Housing in the
Cabinet Drees–Van Schaik, taking office on 7 August 1948. The Drees–Van Schaik cabinet fell on 24 January 1951 and continued to serve in a
demissionary capacity until the
cabinet formation of 1951 when it was replaced by
Cabinet Drees I with In 't Veld remaining as Minister of Reconstruction and Housing, taking office on 15 March 1951. In April 1952 In 't Veld announced that he wouldn't stand for the
election of 1952 but wanted tot return to the Senate. After the
Senate election of 1952 In 't Veld returned as a Member of the Senate, taking office on 15 July 1952. After the
election of 1952 In 't Veld was not giving a cabinet post in the new
cabinet
Cabinet or The Cabinet may refer to:
Furniture
* Cabinetry, a box-shaped piece of furniture with doors and/or drawers
* Display cabinet, a piece of furniture with one or more transparent glass sheets or transparent polycarbonate sheets
* Filing ...
, the Cabinet Drees I was replaced by the
Cabinet Drees II on 2 September 1952 and he subsequently was selected as
Parliamentary leader
A parliamentary leader is a political title or a descriptive term used in various countries to designate the person leading a parliamentary group or caucus in a legislative body, whether it be a national or sub-national legislature. They are the ...
of the Labour Party in the Senate the same day.
he also served as a Professor at Leiden University, Member of the
Council of State
A Council of State is a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the cabinet or it may refer to a non-executive advisory body associated with a head o ...
, administer at Humanitas and the ''Humanistisch Verbond'', and one of the founders of the
public administration
Public Administration (a form of governance) or Public Policy and Administration (an academic discipline) is the implementation of public policy, administration of government establishment (public governance), management of non-profit establ ...
in the Netherlands. As Minister of Reconstruction and Public Housing in the
first Beel cabinet
The First Beel cabinet was the executive branch of the Dutch Government from 3 July 1946 until 7 August 1948. The cabinet was formed by the christian-democratic Catholic People's Party (KVP) and the social-democratic Labour Party (PvdA) afte ...
and
first Drees cabinet
First or 1st is the ordinal form of the number one (#1).
First or 1st may also refer to:
*World record, specifically the first instance of a particular achievement
Arts and media Music
* 1$T, American rapper, singer-songwriter, DJ, and reco ...
he established the Reconstruction Bill.
[Dr. J. in 't Veld](_blank)
at ''Europa-nu.nl'', Accessed 29 March 2008.
Biography
In 't Veld was born in
Dubbeldam
Dubbeldam is a former village in the Dutch province of South Holland. It was located to the east of the city of Dordrecht
Dordrecht (), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, ) or Dort, is a city and munici ...
(now part of
Dordrecht
Dordrecht (), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, ) or Dort, is a city and municipality in the Western Netherlands, located in the province of South Holland. It is the province's fifth-largest city after R ...
), in the same village where his father Cornelis in 't Veld was born and had worked as labourer and later greengrocer. After attending the
mulo (junior high school) he started working as civil servant in the town hall of Dordrecht. He continued his studies in his spare time completing the training for municipal candidate in 1916, and in 1921 passing the state examination. Beside his work he continued to study law at
Leiden University
Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; nl, Universiteit Leiden) is a Public university, public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. The university was founded as a Protestant university in 1575 by William the Silent, William, Prince o ...
from 1921 until 1926. On 11 July 1929 he obtained his doctorate in law at the Leiden University with a thesis entitled "Nieuwe vormen van decentralisatie." (New forms of decentralization).
After his first job at the municipality of Dordrecht from 1910 to 1914, he moved to Municipality of Rotterdam, where he initially start as clerk at Public Works. He gradually got promoted in the civil service until he became acting municipal secretary and head of the Housing Department from 1936 to 1937.
[AA Young]
Joris in 't (1895-1981)
in: ''Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland, '' A year later in 1937 he succeeded
Kornelis ter Laan
Kornelis ter Laan ( Gronings: ''Knelis ter Loan'') (8 July 1871 – 6 March 1963), also referred to as Kees ter Laan and Klaas ter Laan, was a Dutch politician and linguist.
He published as K. ter Laan.
Biography
Ter Laan was born on 8 July 1871 ...
as mayor of Zaandam.
In addition to his personal career In 't Velds had gained interest in politics. As a young man he had certain sympathy for anarchism and communism, but he switched after
Troelstra's failed revolution attempt in November 1918 and joined the Social Democratic Workers Party (SDAP). He was active in the local branch of the party and in the Institute for Development Workers, where late 1920s he chaired the Rotterdam Chapter.
Late-1920s he became more active in the SDAP, and was elected Member of the
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
in 1931 and served until 1937.
Besides Mayor of Zaandam, In 't Veld was Member of the
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
just before and World War II, and from 1952 to 1964. In 1948 he became Minister of Reconstruction and Housing. After 1952, In 't Veld started his academic career. After holding a series of lectures on housing at the Institute of Social Studies in The Hague, he was included in the staff of this institution in 1954. In 1955 directed the faculty administration.
From 1957 to 1965 he was Professor at the Leiden University.
Personal
In 1922 Joris married Antje Peeters, and they had a son and two daughters. His son was the Delft Professor
Jan in 't Veld
Jan in 't Veld (16 December 1925 – 27 January 2005) was a Dutch aerospace engineer and professor of industrial organization at the Mechanical Engineering Department of the Technical University of Delft. In the Netherlands he was one of the pionee ...
(1925–2005). A daughter Cornélie "Corrie" in 't Veld married
Roel de Wit
Roelof Josephus "Roel" de Wit (31 March 1927 in Amsterdam – 3 June 2012 in Haarlem) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and a conservationist.
De Wit studied biology at the University of Amsterdam. He became a member of the ...
, Mayor of
Alkmaar
Alkmaar () is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland, about 30 km north of Amsterdam. Alkmaar is well known for its traditional cheese market. For tourists, it is a popular cultural destination. The ...
from 1970 until 1976 and the
Queen's Commissioner of
North Holland
North Holland ( nl, Noord-Holland, ) is a province of the Netherlands in the northwestern part of the country. It is located on the North Sea, north of South Holland and Utrecht, and west of Friesland and Flevoland. In November 2019, it had a ...
from 1976 until 1992. After the death of Antje Peeters in 1966, Joris in 't Veld remarried the same year with Ellen Elisabeth ten Brink.
He was made a Knight in the
Order of the Dutch Lion
The Order of the Netherlands Lion, also known as the Order of the Lion of the Netherlands ( nl, De Orde van de Nederlandse Leeuw, french: L'Ordre du Lion Néerlandais) is a Dutch order of chivalry founded by King William I of the Netherlands on ...
in 1946, Commander of the
Order of Orange Nassau
The Order of Orange-Nassau ( nl, Orde van Oranje-Nassau, links=no) is a civil and military Dutch order of chivalry founded on 4 April 1892 by the queen regent, Emma of the Netherlands.
The order is a chivalric order open to "everyone who has ...
in 1952, and Commander of the
Order of the Dutch Lion
The Order of the Netherlands Lion, also known as the Order of the Lion of the Netherlands ( nl, De Orde van de Nederlandse Leeuw, french: L'Ordre du Lion Néerlandais) is a Dutch order of chivalry founded by King William I of the Netherlands on ...
in 1963.
Work
Political career
In 't Veld was from 1931 to 1937 member of the Provincial Council of South Holland. In 1937 he became a member of the Senate for the SDAP. He was Minister of Reconstruction and Housing for the Labour Party in the
first Beel cabinet
The First Beel cabinet was the executive branch of the Dutch Government from 3 July 1946 until 7 August 1948. The cabinet was formed by the christian-democratic Catholic People's Party (KVP) and the social-democratic Labour Party (PvdA) afte ...
and
first Drees cabinet
First or 1st is the ordinal form of the number one (#1).
First or 1st may also refer to:
*World record, specifically the first instance of a particular achievement
Arts and media Music
* 1$T, American rapper, singer-songwriter, DJ, and reco ...
he established the Reconstruction Bill. He interpellated in 1953 as Minister Senator dark about the escape of seven war criminals. He was a moderate Orangist.
Mayor of Zaandam
In 't Veld mayor of Zaandam was from 1937 to 1941, and later from 1945 to 1948. After his first appearance in a relatively short time he acquired great popularity, particularly by his attitude during World War II. Conflicts with the Germans and especially the NSB were bound and on 4 March 1941, shortly after the
February strike
The February strike ( nl, Februaristaking) was a general strike in the German-occupied Netherlands in 1941, during World War II, organised by the then-outlawed Communist Party of the Netherlands in defence of persecuted Dutch Jews and against t ...
, followed his dismissal, he was succeeded by NSB mayor Cornelis van Ravenswaay. After the capitulation on 5 May 1945, he was immediately reinstalled as mayor. This continued until his appointment as Minister of Reconstruction and Housing. On his retirement in 1948, In 't Veld an honorary citizen of Zaandam, there was also a park named after him.
Minister of Reconstruction and Housing
As Minister of Reconstruction and Housing was in 't Veld the first postwar minister seriously interested in planning. The construction of new houses only slowly rose after World War II, partly due to the lack of good and affordable building material. In the 1930s In 't Veld as Minister of Housing had been spectre of mass unemployment and again feared for further unemployment in the construction industry. For this reason In 't Veld pleaded for a gradual approach to tackling the housing shortage. The policy of the government prioritised the construction of utilities for business.
Under his rule the houses production increased significantly but the housing shortage experience defy him and his successors. The homebuilding got under In 't Veld the highest priority and surpassed the 90,000 homes per year. However, the growth in demand exceeded supply, as the number of persons per household decreased. Many of the houses were built with a solid state.
Humanitas
Just after the war, the foundation Humanitas founded on 31 May 1945 and In 't Veld became its first president. He expressed the mission of Humanitas as "No help offered from above, but help born from a sense of solidarity, and responsibility for the needs of neighbours in distress." In 't Veld was himself a convinced modern humanist and from its founding until 1954 a member of the Executive Board of the ''
Humanistisch Verbond
The Humanistisch Verbond (HV, sometimes translated as ''Humanistic Association Netherlands'', ''Dutch Humanist Association'' or ''Dutch Humanist League'') is a Dutch association based on secular humanist principles.
Basics
The foundation of the ...
'' (HV).
Under his chairmanship of Humanitas from 1945 to 1963 he has worked sought merger between the two organisations. In 't Veld was personally convinced that social work could only be fruitful when thrives are based on a philosophy of life. His plans for cooperation are torpedoed by the members and delegates at Humanitas conferences. Together with the politician and first president of the ''Humanistisch Verbond''
Jaap van Praag
Jacob Philip (Jaap) van Praag (born 11 May 1911 in Amsterdam – died 12 April 1981 in Utrecht) was a Dutch humanist who played a prominent role in establishing the Dutch Humanist League. He was its chairman from 1946 to 1969. And, from 1954 to ...
he kept promoting the idea of the Humanist Movement.
Public Administration
At older age In 't Veld regularly published articles on administrative law and administrative and political issues. He was an expert of constitutional and administrative law, and authored with H.A. Brasz and A. Kleijn the ''Inleiding tot de bestuurswetenschap'' (Introduction to Public Administration) and as sole author the 1979 ''Beginselen van behoorlijk bestuur'' (Principles of good governance). This book covered topics such as service quality, capacity, equality, trust, interests and motivation. In 't Veld proposed a classification, similar to the one by Belinfante in 1968, who defined :
* The principle that prohibits (apparent) partiality
* The obligation of hearing
* The obligation to state reasons
* The prohibition of arbitrary
* The prohibition of "détournement de pouvoir" (misuse of powers)
* The principle of legal certainty
* The principle of care
* And equality
The 1968 subdivision of In ' t Veld was similar, only he conceived the principle of impartiality and the right to be heard together principle into the principle of "fair play."
[L.J.A. Damen (2006), ''Bestuursrecht 1: n/a: systeem Bevoegdheid Bevoegdheidsuitoefening Handhaving''. Den Haag: Boom. . Pag. 338]
Publications
In 't Veld authored dozens of articles and books. A selection:
* 1929, ''Nieuwe vormen van decentralisatie''
* 1932–34, ''De inrichting van onzen staat gezien van sociaaldemocratisch standpunt''. Amsterdam.
* 1936, ''Nog steeds: naast de rode de blauwe vaan''. Utrecht
* 1938, ''Bestuursinrichting van de Wieringermeer'' Alphen aan den Rijn
* 1945, ''Economische en sociale ordening''. Amsterdam
* 1950, ''De betekenis der gemeente voor de toekomst van West-Europa''. Heemstede
* 1953, ''Krotopruiming en vernieuwing van bebouwde kernen''. 's-Gravenhage
* 1962, ''Inleiding tot de bestuurswetenschap'' with H.A. Brasz en A. Kleijn.
* 1968, ''Essays in administration''. 's-Gravenhage
* 1970, ''Vooruitziende bestuurswetenschap. Een futurologische verkenning''. 's-Gravenhage
* 1972, ''Ons staatsbestuur in een stroomversnelling'', 's-Gravenhage.
* 1979, ''Beginselen van behoorlijk bestuur'', Zwolle.
* 1980, ''Planning als maatschappelijke vormgeving'', J. in 't Veld (red.). Deventer: Van Loghum Slaterus.
Decorations
References
External links
;Official
*
Dr. J. (Joris) in 't VeldParlement & Politiek
*
Dr. J. in 't Veld (PvdA)Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal
{{DEFAULTSORT:Veld, Joris in t
1890s births
1981 deaths
Dutch anti-poverty advocates
Commanders of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
Commanders of the Order of Orange-Nassau
Dutch corporate directors
Dutch essayists
Dutch humanists
Dutch legal scholars
Dutch legal writers
Dutch male short story writers
Dutch short story writers
Dutch nonprofit directors
Dutch nonprofit executives
Dutch people of World War II
Dutch political philosophers
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Housing reformers
International Institute of Social Studies faculty
Labour Party (Netherlands) politicians
Leiden University alumni
Leiden University faculty
Mayors in North Holland
Members of the Provincial Council of South Holland
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
Members of the Senate (Netherlands)
Ministers of Housing and Spatial Planning of the Netherlands
People from Dordrecht
People from Zaanstad
Scholars of administrative law
Social Democratic Workers' Party (Netherlands) politicians
Writers about activism and social change
Writers about communism
Writers from Rotterdam
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20th-century Dutch businesspeople
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