''Johnstonella'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s belonging to the family

Boraginaceae Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, includes about 2,000 species of shrubs, trees and herbs in 146, to 156 genera with a worldwide distribution. The APG IV system from 2016 classifies the Boraginaceae as single family of the order ...

. Its native range is south western and southern USA to Mexico, Peru to southern South America. It is found in the American states of

Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ...

California California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. N ...

New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , seat = Santa Fe , LargestCity = Albuquerque , LargestMetro = Tiguex , OfficialLang = None , Languages = English, Spanish ( New Mexican), Navajo, Ker ...

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

and

Utah Utah ( , ) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. Utah is a landlocked U.S. state bordered to its east by Colorado, to its northeast by Wyoming, to its north by Idaho, to its south by Arizona, and to it ...

, as well as in the countries of Argentina, Chile, Mexico and Peru.

Taxonomy

The genus name of ''Johnstonella'' is in honour of

Ivan Murray Johnston I. M. (Ivan Murray) Johnston (February 28, 1898–May 31, 1960), was a United States Botany, botanist. He studied at Pomona College in Claremont, California and at Harvard University. His plant collections are housed in the ''Rancho Santa Ana Bot ...

(1898–1960), an American botanist. It was first described and published by

August Brand August Brand (19 August 1863 – 17 September 1930) was a German philologist and botanist. Brand was born in Berlin. He studied classical philology at Bonn and Berlin, obtaining his doctorate in 1885 with the thesis "De dialectis Aeolicis quae ...

in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Vol.21 on page 249 in 1925. Then in 1927, Ivan M. Johnston wrote that the genus of ''

Oreocarya ''Oreocarya'' (Perennial Cat's-Eye) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae. There are about 63 species and its native range extends from western and central Canada, through western United States to north Mexico. It is part of s ...

'' (in the Boraginaceae family) could be combined with ''

Cryptantha ''Cryptantha'' is a genus of flowering plants in the borage family, Boraginaceae. They are known commonly as cat's eyes and popcorn flowers (the latter name is also used to refer to the closely related genus ''Plagiobothrys'',Hasenstab-Lehman, ...

''. Then Edwin Blake Payson in 1927 (A Monograph of the section ''Oreocarya'' of ''Cryptantha'', Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 14:211-358) agreed with Johnston and Payson had four sections in ''Cryptantha'': ''Eucryptantha'' (= ''Cryptantha''), ''Geocarya'', ''Krynitzkia'' (inclusive of ''

Eremocarya ''Eremocarya'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae. There are about 63 species and its native range extends through western United States to northwestern Mexico. It is part of subtribe of ''Amsinckiinae''. It was once thoug ...

'', ''

Greeneocharis ''Greeneocharis'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae. There are about 63 species and its native range extends from western U.S.A. down to northwestern Mexico and to western Argentina. It is part of subtribe of ''Amsinckiin ...

'', and ''Johnstonella''), and ''Oreocarya''. Larry Higgins (1971), another expert on the perennial taxa, published a revised monograph of ''Oreocarya'', and agreed with Johnston and Payson on the inclusion of ''Oreocarya'' within ''Cryptantha'', but also elevating the four sections of Johnston (1927) and Payson (1927) to

subgenera In biology, a subgenus (plural: subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between t ...

. Although various species were sometimes still called synonyms of ''Cryptantha''. In 2012, the

phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ...

relationship of members of the genus ''Cryptantha'' was carried out, based on

dna sequencing DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. It includes any method or technology that is used to determine the order of the four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. Th ...

analyses, it was then proposed that the resurrection of the following genera ''Eremocarya'', ''Greeneocharis'', ''Johnstonella'', and also ''

''.

Known species

According to Kew: *''

Johnstonella albida ''Johnstonella'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is south western and southern USA to Mexico, Peru to southern South America. It is found in the American states of Arizona, California, Nevada ...

'' *'' Johnstonella angelica'' *'' Johnstonella angustifolia'' *'' Johnstonella costata'' *'' Johnstonella diplotricha'' *'' Johnstonella fastigiata'' *'' Johnstonella geohintonii'' *'' Johnstonella grayi'' *''

Johnstonella gypsites ''Johnstonella'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is south western and southern USA to Mexico, Peru to southern South America. It is found in the American states of Arizona, California, Nevada ...

'' *''

Johnstonella holoptera ''Johnstonella'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is south western and southern USA to Mexico, Peru to southern South America. It is found in the American states of Arizona, California, Nevada ...

'' *''

Johnstonella inaequata ''Johnstonella'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is south western and southern USA to Mexico, Peru to southern South America. It is found in the American states of Arizona, California, Nevada ...

'' *''

Johnstonella mexicana ''Johnstonella'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is south western and southern USA to Mexico, Peru to southern South America. It is found in the American states of Arizona, California, Nevada ...

'' *''

Johnstonella micromeres ''Johnstonella'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is south western and southern USA to Mexico, Peru to southern South America. It is found in the American states of Arizona, California, Nevada ...

'' *''

Johnstonella parviflora ''Johnstonella'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is south western and southern USA to Mexico, Peru to southern South America. It is found in the American states of Arizona, California, Nevada ...

'' *'' Johnstonella pusilla'' *'' Johnstonella racemosa''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q17414461 Boraginaceae Boraginaceae genera Plants described in 1925 Flora of the Southwestern United States Flora of the South-Central United States Flora of Argentina Flora of Chile Flora of Mexico Flora of Peru