John Michael O'Keefe (19 January 1935 – 6 October 1978) was an Australian
rock and roll
Rock and roll (often written as rock & roll, rock 'n' roll, or rock 'n roll) is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. It originated from African-American music such as jazz, rhythm an ...
singer whose career began in the 1950s. Some of his hits include "
Wild One" (1958), "
Shout!
Shout or Shouts may refer to:
* Shout (sound), a loud vocalization
Films and television
* '' The Shout'', a 1978 film by Jerzy Skolimowski
* '' Shout! The Story of Johnny O'Keefe'', 1986 television movie about the Australian singer
* ''Shout ...
" and "She's My Baby". In his twenty-year career, O'Keefe released over fifty singles, 50
EPs
EPS, EPs or Eps may refer to:
Commerce and finance
* Earnings per share
* Electronic Payment Services, in Hong Kong, Macau, and Shenzhen, China
* Express Payment System, in the Philippines
Education
* Edmonton Public Schools, in Edmonton, Al ...
and 100 albums. O'Keefe was also a radio and television entertainer and presenter
Often referred to by his initials "J.O.K." or by his nickname "The Wild One", O'Keefe was the first Australian rock n' roll performer to tour the United States, and the first Australian artist to make the local
Top 40 charts. He had twenty-nine Top 40 hits in Australia between 1958 and 1973.
O'Keefe was the younger brother of Australian jurist
Barry O'Keefe (a former head of the New South Wales
ICAC). His father, Alderman Ray O'Keefe, was Mayor of
Waverley Council in the early 1960s. Through Barry, O'Keefe was the uncle of Australian television personality
Andrew O'Keefe.
O'Keefe died in 1978 from a drug overdose.
Early life
O'Keefe was born in the eastern Sydney suburb of
Bondi Junction on 19 January 1935. He was the second of three children of Raymond Moran O'Keefe and Thelma Edna Kennedy. He was raised as a Catholic and attended the local Catholic primary school, followed by secondary schooling at
Waverley College in nearby
Waverley.
Johnny had a solid musical background and listened to the radio almost constantly at home although he did not often sing around the house. His parents were both good singers. His mother was an excellent pianist and his father occasionally played in a
jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues and ragtime. Since the 1920s Jazz Age, it has been recognized as a majo ...
band.
O'Keefe made his stage debut at the age of four when he played the role of 'Dopey' in the Waverley College production of "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs".
Being unable to read or memorise the script, the young O'Keefe improvised his part.
The young O'Keefe was intelligent and perceptive, with a great sense of humour, although his school grades fluctuated due to his misbehaviour and the fact that he was easily distracted; Sydney radio personality
Gary O'Callaghan
Gary Bernard O'Callaghan (11 October 1933 − 19 August 2017) was an Australian radio announcer based in Sydney, known for his on-air character, "Sammy Sparrow". He was an Australian Commercial Radio Hall of Fame recipient. He dominated Sydney ra ...
, who was a classmate, later recalled that O'Keefe was often in trouble. During his time at high school Johnny joined the school cadets, where he made good progress learning trumpet,
and he (reluctantly) sang solo in the school choir. He was also a keen swimmer, surfer and sailor and often sailed with the
Vaucluse Juniors sailing club.
He
matriculated in 1951, gaining an 'A' in French and a 'B' in English, mathematics, physics and economics.
In 1952 he enrolled in a part-time economics degrees course at the
University of Sydney
The University of Sydney (USYD), also known as Sydney University, or informally Sydney Uni, is a public university, public research university located in Sydney, Australia. Founded in 1850, it is the oldest university in Australia and is one o ...
, but soon abandoned it and enrolled in a short course at the College of Retailing in Sydney, after which he went to work in his father's furniture store in
Pitt Street, Sydney.
He had already begun performing at dances and 'socials' while at high school, but his interest in music blossomed after he left school. A strong early musical influence was the American singer
Johnnie Ray, who toured Australia to great acclaim in the 1950s and O'Keefe began his singing career as a Ray impersonator.
During this period he met and became good friends with
Alan Dale, also an aspiring singer, who was then employed at the O'Keefe's furniture business. In December 1952 Dale and O'Keefe were called up for National Service. Dale went into the Army and O'Keefe went into the
RAAF
"Through Adversity to the Stars"
, colours =
, colours_label =
, march =
, mascot =
, anniversaries = RAAF Anniversary Commemoration ...
. Johnny was stationed at
Richmond approximately 50 kilometres (31 mi) North-West of Sydney, and served his six-month period in two blocks, from December–February 1952 and December–February 1953.
Musical career
The first turning point in O'Keefe's career was in early 1953, when he began singing with the quintet of jazz accordionist
Gus Merzi at charity dances. During these appearances, O'Keefe would sing his specialty, Johnny Ray's "Cry", while wearing a pair of trick glasses which would squirt water over the audience. Radio personality Harry Griffiths, who met O'Keefe at this time, remembered him as "a bad-tempered ratbag" who often argued with Merzi, although Merzi commented that they never clashed over music.
Recognising Johnny's potential, Merzi began tutoring him on piano, encouraging him to broaden his repertoire and helping him to refine his stagecraft. O'Keefe became a regular singer with the Merzi quintet and performed with them every Sunday at the charity shows they performed at the Bondi Auditorium. The tenacious O'Keefe performed his routine no matter how small the audience, sometimes braving the rotten eggs and fruit thrown at him by local louts.
After his second stint of National Service he began singing with Merzi two nights a week, playing at university college dances, 21st birthdays and private parties and Merzi also managed to get O'Keefe a regular spot on the
2UW live radio show ''Saturday Night Dancing''. Up to this point he had performed for free, simply to gain experience, but his first paid engagement as a singer was as a Johnny Ray impersonator, performing on the
Bathurst radio station 2BS, for which he was paid £17 plus expenses.
Rise to stardom
Johnny O'Keefe's life changed irrevocably after seeing and hearing
Bill Haley singing "
Rock Around the Clock" in the film ''
Blackboard Jungle'' in June 1955. He realised immediately that this was the style of music he wanted to perform, and from this point on he dedicated himself single-mindedly to becoming a rock 'n' roll singer and a star.
By 1960 he had become the most popular and successful singer in Australia and a major TV star. Australian rock historian
Ian McFarlane succinctly described O'Keefe's qualities in his article on the singer in the ''Encyclopedia of Australian Rock & Pop'':
:J.O'K was the first to admit that he was a limited singer, but he possessed an incredible drive, a fierce ambition to succeed, a tireless facility for self-promotion, a tremendous flair for showmanship and a larrikin spirit that was irrepressible.
The Dee Jays
In September 1956 O'Keefe and his friend Dave Owen (an American-born tenor sax player) formed Australia's first rock'n'roll band,
the Dee Jays. The original lineup of the group was Kevin Naughton (guitar), Keith Williams (bass) and
Johnny Purser (drums). Naughton left soon after the band formed and he was replaced by Indonesian-born guitarist
Lou Casch. Johnny Greenan joined the Dee Jays on tenor saxophone, replacing John Balkin. This was the band that supported a tour by
Little Richard and his band.
Casch's contribution to O'Keefe's sound, both live and on record, was considerable. He was born in
Ambon
Ambon may refer to:
Places
* Ambon Island, an island in Indonesia
** Ambon, Maluku, a city on Ambon Island, the capital of Maluku province
** Governorate of Ambon, a colony of the Dutch East India Company from 1605 to 1796
* Ambon, Morbihan, a co ...
in 1924, grew up in
Aceh
Aceh ( ), officially the Aceh Province ( ace, Nanggroë Acèh; id, Provinsi Aceh) is the westernmost province of Indonesia. It is located on the northernmost of Sumatra island, with Banda Aceh being its capital and largest city. Granted a s ...
and
Jakarta, began playing guitar at an early age, and became a dedicated jazz musician. He came to Australia under the
Colombo Plan in 1952 to study medicine at the University of Sydney. He was introduced to O'Keefe by Keith Williams, whom he had known from a jazz trio in which they played. At their first meeting O'Keefe played Casch a selection of rock 'n' roll records and asked him to imitate the guitar playing, which he was easily able to do. Impressed, O'Keefe offered him the job and handed him a pile of records, saying "Here, learn these. The dance is on Saturday night."
Their first performance was at Stones Cabaret in the beach side suburb of
Coogee, and by early 1957 they were playing four dances a week and also performing on Saturdays in the interval between films at the Embassy Theatre,
Manly. O'Keefe and the Dee Jays quickly attracted a strong local following.
O'Keefe's trademark was his flamboyant stage attire, which included gold lamé jackets and brightly coloured suits trimmed with fake fur. Many of these outfits were made for him by Sydney show business costumier Len Taylor, although one famous red suit trimmed with leopard-print velvet cuffs and lapels (now in the collection of the
Powerhouse Museum, Sydney) was reputedly made by his mother Thelma.
At the time Casch joined the band, they were promoting their own dances at local venues such as the
Balmain Workingmen's Institute and Stone's Cabaret. O'Keefe was involved in every aspect of the group's career including hiring the halls, placing ads in the local newspapers and putting up posters. "O'Keefe was the promoter, singer, bouncer, door attendant, sold the ice creams, mixed the drinks and cleaned the halls, while working during the days at his father's furniture store."
At the time, rock 'n' roll and its followers in Sydney often found themselves at odds with non-aficionados. According to Lou Casch, on one occasion, while O'Keefe and the Dee Jays played at an upstairs dance venue in
Newtown, an "Italian wedding" reception was also taking place downstairs. Some of the dance patrons came to blows with wedding guests in the men's toilets, and within minutes the fight had erupted into a full-scale riot that spilled out into the street, with police eventually calling in the
Naval Shore Patrol to help restore order. It was this incident, according to Casch, that inspired O'Keefe's signature tune, "Wild One". While the song is credited officially to Johnny Greenan, O'Keefe, and Dave Owens, some sources suggest that O'Keefe was not directly involved in the composition.
Sydney disc jockey Tony Withers was credited with helping to get radio airplay for the song but writer credits on subsequent versions often omit Withers, who later worked in the United Kingdom on pirate stations
Radio Atlanta and, as Tony Windsor, on
Radio London.
"Wild One" was recorded originally by
Jerry Allison with
Buddy Holly
Charles Hardin Holley (September 7, 1936 – February 3, 1959), known as Buddy Holly, was an American singer and songwriter who was a central and pioneering figure of mid-1950s rock and roll. He was born to a musical family in Lubbock, Texas ...
backing on guitar in 1958 under the alias "Ivan" (his middle name) after hearing O'Keefe perform it on tour; it reached No. 68 on the American ''
Billboard'' singles chart and was revived in 1986 and recorded by
Iggy Pop as "
Real Wild Child'. A cover by Christopher Otcasek was used on the soundtrack for the movie ''
Pretty Woman'' starring Julia Roberts and Richard Gere. It was also recorded by
Jerry Lee Lewis,
Everlife,
Joan Jett & The Blackhearts,
Glamour Camp Glamour Camp was a short-lived American pop/ rock musical project fronted by Christopher Otcasek, the son of The Cars' Ric Ocasek (Otcasek is the original spelling of their surname).
Otcasek obtained a recording contract with EMI Records, who rel ...
,
Marshall Crenshaw,
Brian Setzer,
Wakefield
Wakefield is a cathedral city in West Yorkshire, England located on the River Calder. The city had a population of 99,251 in the 2011 census.https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/ks101ew Census 2011 table KS101EW Usual resident population ...
and
Jet
Jet, Jets, or The Jet(s) may refer to:
Aerospace
* Jet aircraft, an aircraft propelled by jet engines
** Jet airliner
** Jet engine
** Jet fuel
* Jet Airways, an Indian airline
* Wind Jet (ICAO: JET), an Italian airline
* Journey to Enceladus a ...
.
Meeting with Lee Gordon
Johnny O'Keefe first met Bill Haley during his tour in 1957 in Australia.
Haley was impressed by O'Keefe, giving him a song to record ("
You Hit The Wrong Note, Billy Goat") and recommending him to Ken Taylor,
A&R manager of leading local record company
Festival Records. Taylor, however, failed to act on Haley's advice, so O'Keefe then famously took matters into his own hands and began telling the local press that he had in fact been signed to Festival. Anxious not to lose face, Taylor auditioned O'Keefe and signed him to the label.
O'Keefe's debut single (issued as a 78rpm record), "You Hit The Wrong Note, Billy Goat" b/w "The Chicken Song", was released in July 1957 but it failed to chart and sold poorly, as did the follow-up, a cover of
Pat Boones "
Love Letters in the Sand" – which O'Keefe later described as the worst record of his career.
By this time O'Keefe had become a close friend of the music concert promoter,
Lee Gordon, and their popularity really took off when O'Keefe and the Dee Jays were installed as the featured support act for Gordon's famous "Big Show" concert bills at the
Sydney Stadium
The Sydney Stadium was a sporting and entertainment venue in Sydney, New South Wales, which formerly stood on the corner of New South Head Road and Neild Avenue, Rushcutters Bay. Built in 1908, it was demolished in 1970 to make way for the ...
. These "Big Show" concerts were landmarks in Australian popular entertainment, being among the first tours to feature leading overseas rock'n'roll stars, including
Little Richard,
Bo Diddley
Ellas McDaniel (born Ellas Otha Bates; December 30, 1928 – June 2, 2008), known professionally as Bo Diddley, was an American guitarist who played a key role in the transition from the blues to rock and roll. He influenced many artists, incl ...
,
Buddy Holly
Charles Hardin Holley (September 7, 1936 – February 3, 1959), known as Buddy Holly, was an American singer and songwriter who was a central and pioneering figure of mid-1950s rock and roll. He was born to a musical family in Lubbock, Texas ...
and
Jerry Lee Lewis; Gordon also toured many top jazz acts of the day, including the first visits to Australia by black jazz artists such as
Louis Armstrong. In 1959, Lee Gordon contracted O'Keefe to perform and be filmed in his film
'RocknRoll', a live filming of one Lee Gordon's 'Rock'n'Roll Spectacular' shows that travelled nationally during that year. The only surviving copy of this film had been lost since the 1970s, but miraculously surfaced almost 50 years later in 2020, in Melbourne, Australia. In 2021
a clip from the film featuring O'Keefe performing 'Swanee River'was uploaded to youtube.
Commercial breakthrough
O'Keefe and the Dee Jays' first major break was a support spot on Lee Gordon's first "Big Show" rock'n'roll tour, which starred
Little Richard,
Gene Vincent, and
Eddie Cochran
Ray Edward Cochran (; October 3, 1938 – April 17, 1960) was an American rock and roll musician. Cochran's songs, such as " Twenty Flight Rock", " Summertime Blues", "C'mon Everybody" and " Somethin' Else", captured teenage frustration and desir ...
. When Gene Vincent and his band were stranded in
Honolulu
Honolulu (; ) is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaii, which is in the Pacific Ocean. It is an unincorporated county seat of the consolidated City and County of Honolulu, situated along the southeast coast of the islan ...
on their way to Australia, Gordon contacted O'Keefe and asked him to fill in for Vincent for the first night of the tour in Wollongong. This was followed by another support spot on the second all-star Big Show, which included The Crickets (with lead singer Buddy Holly on his first and only Australian tour), Jerry Lee Lewis and
Paul Anka.
During this period The Dee Jays also acted as the backing band for many of the international acts that Gordon toured, since they were at the time the only rock'n'roll band in the country who could read music. According to Lou Casch, they backed acts including
Chuck Berry,
The Everly Brothers,
Fabian,
Tab Hunter,
Jimmie Rodgers and
Ricky Nelson, and on his 1960 tour, Nelson was booed by fans of O'Keefe's whom he had reputedly planted in the audience. Their skill and energy and O'Keefe's frantic performances also saw them upstage many of the visiting performers. Casch recalled that he actually played behind
Jerry Lee Lewis, whose own backing musicians were so daunted by the Dee Jays' performance that they got too drunk to play.
Their first EP, ''Shakin' At The Stadium'', included JOK's signature tune "Wild One", co-written by O'Keefe with Greenan, Owens and top Sydney DJ
Tony Withers
Tony may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Tony (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
* Gregory Tony (born 1978), American law enforcement officer
* Motu Tony (born 1981), New Zealand international rugby leagu ...
. This became his first hit in March 1958, peaking at No. 20 on the newly established Sydney Top 40 (at this time there was no national pop chart in Australia). Although it was claimed that it was recorded live at the Stadium, it was in fact a studio recording, overdubbed with the sound of a real Stadium audience.
O'Keefe issued three more singles during 1958: "Over The Mountain" b/w
Lawdy Miss Clawdy", "So Tough" b/w That'll Be Alright" (a cover of
The Cuff Links song which reached No. 12 in Sydney) and "I Ain't Gonna Do It" b/w "Could This Be Magic?"
O'Keefe married Marianne Renate Willimzik, a 23-year-old hairdresser, at
St Therese's Catholic Church,
Dover Heights, on 2 August 1958. They had three children, but their relationship eventually concluded due to the pressure of O'Keefe's career demands and they were divorced in 1966.
O'Keefe had played a few dates in New Zealand in 1958, but in early 1959 rising NZ promoter
Harry M. Miller organised a two-month tour. O'Keefe took the staid NZ music scene by storm, although he was banned from playing at some halls and faced problems getting airplay. At that time the
NZBC
The New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation (NZBC) was a publicly owned company of the New Zealand Government founded in 1962. The Broadcasting Act 1976 then reformed NZBC as the Broadcasting Corporation of New Zealand (BCNZ). The corporation was ...
had a monopoly on radio, they had only one J.O'K. record in their library, and they refused to play his new single "Wild One" – although a hastily issued version by NZ rocker
Johnny Devlin ''was'' played. O'Keefe also toyed with the local press, playing on Lou Casch's exotic appearance by telling journalists that Casch was the son of an
Arrernte
Arrernte (also spelt Aranda, etc.) is a descriptor related to a group of Aboriginal Australian peoples from Central Australia.
It may refer to:
* Arrernte (area), land controlled by the Arrernte Council (?)
* Arrernte people, Aboriginal Austral ...
Aboriginal chieftain from Ayers Rock (
Uluru) and that Casch's hand-built guitar was made from
mulga wood.
U.S. visits, 1959–60
"
She's My Baby" had been recorded in Los Angeles with producer
Snuff Garrett during O'Keefe's first visit to the United States in October 1959. It was recorded at a 5-song session at Goldstar recording studios in Hollywood on 5 November 1959 ("She's My Baby", "
It's Too Late", "Own True Self", "Ready For You" and "Come On and Take My Hand"). His decision to try his luck in the USA was strongly opposed by his friend and mentor Lee Gordon but the ever-ambitious O'Keefe had already set his sights on breaking into the American market, and in L.A. he met with record executive
Mickey Shaw
Mickey is a given name and nickname, almost always masculine and often a short form (hypocorism) of Michael (given name), Michael, and occasionally a surname. Notable people and characters with the name include:
People Given name or nickname Men ...
who introduced him to executives of
Liberty Records.
In February 1960 O'Keefe returned to the U.S. for a promotional tour, where he was promoted as "The Boomerang Boy", and much to his chagrin, O'Keefe was obliged to give
boomerang throwing exhibitions. According to Ian McFarlane, Liberty offered to pay $5 to anyone who could throw further than the singer, but they had to pay out many times at one exhibition when O'Keefe turned up drunk.
[McFarlane, ''op cit'', p.462]
Car accident
In the early hours of 27 June 1960, O'Keefe, Johnny Greenan and Greenan's wife Janice were driving back to Sydney from the Queensland
Gold Coast. About 20 kilometres north of
Kempsey, the Plymouth ploughed into a gravel truck. While the front of the large car bore the brunt of the very severe impact, all three were seriously injured. O'Keefe's face was smashed and Johnny Greenan was thrown out of the car, landing six metres away on the highway, causing a fractured vertebra and loss of front teeth; Janice Greenan suffered a severe concussion. O'Keefe suffered multiple lacerations, a concussion and fractures to his head and face; he lost four teeth, and his hands were also badly lacerated.
O'Keefe was air-lifted back to Sydney for treatment,
Continuing career
He continued recording and scored another No. 1 hit in August 1960 with "Don't You Know"/"Come on And Take My Hand", and the next single, "Ready For You"/"Save The Last Dance For Me", reached No. 4 in November. However many believe he never fully recovered from the accident and that it was the catalyst for his subsequent mental health problems.
In January 1961 O'Keefe attempted another tour of the United States, but it was also unsuccessful. By this time he was reaching the limits of his physical and mental endurance. Given the severe head injuries he had sustained in the car crash, it is also possible that O'Keefe was suffering from undiagnosed neurological trauma which may have affected his personality and contributed to his later mental health and drug issues, and these problems were undoubtedly exacerbated by his heavy drug and alcohol use. After the second US tour collapsed, he flew to London on impulse, but he reportedly overdosed on a combination of alcohol marijuana and prescription medication in his room at the
Park Lane Hotel. He blacked out and woke three days later to find himself in a psychiatric hospital. He spent several days confined in a straitjacket and heavily medicated, but by chance he encountered a staff member who had recently arrived from Australia who recognised him and was able to confirm his identity. As soon as he was released from close confinement he escaped, but by chance he was able to make contact with Lee Gordon, who happened to be in London at the time, and with Gordon's help (and that of O'Keefe's wife and his parents) he was transferred to St George's Hospital to recover, and he returned to Australia as soon as he was well enough to travel. Unfortunately though this was to be first of many such "breakdowns" – O'Keefe would subsequently endure numerous spells in psychiatric hospital (including Hydebray alcohol rehabilitation hospital), and his drug problems dogged him until the end of his life .
His run of Australian hits continued in spite of his mounting personal problems. "I'm Counting on You" became his second No. 1 hit in August 1961, followed by a third chart-topper, "Sing (And Tell The Blues So Long)" in March 1962, and "I Thank You", which reached No. 22 in December.
O'Keefe's tenure with ''Six O'Clock Rock'' ended in mid-1961, and in October he moved to
ATN-7 as compere of ''
the Johnny O'Keefe Show''. The show was a major success, but this only added to his already hectic workload and increased the pressure on him. In August 1962 he suffered another breakdown and spent two months in the psychiatric ward at
Royal Prince Alfred Hospital
The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (abbreviated RPAH or RPA) is a major public teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia, located on Missenden Road in Camperdown. It is a teaching hospital of the Central Clinical School of the Sydney Medical School a ...
in Sydney,
beginning what was to become a repeating cycle of much-publicised breakdowns, hospitalisation and recovery. During his convalescence the TV show was renamed ''Sing, Sing, Sing'' and he was temporarily replaced as host by folk singer
Lionel Long.
O'Keefe scored his fourth Australian No. 1 hit with "
Move Baby Move" in July 1963, and also "Shake Baby Shake" (#8, October 1963) and "Twist It Up" which reached No. 32 in December 1963.
It was around this time that O'Keefe finally parted ways with his backing group the Dee Jays, as he devoted more and more time to TV. It was an era in which many major artists mimed songs at outdoor locations, such at Manly Beach's Fairy Bower in 1967. Live performances began to taper off. The Dee Jays stayed together, however, and continued performing until 1980.
Decline in popularity
Fearing that O'Keefe might have to be replaced as
compere, the Seven network renamed O'Keefe's TV show ''
Sing Sing Sing'' in February 1963
but its popularity continued.
By late 1963, however, a new music trend from the UK known as
Merseybeat was gaining momentum. Within a few months the emergence of the new wave of guitar/vocal groups led by
the Beatles
The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the developm ...
and
the Rolling Stones
The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London in 1962. Active for six decades, they are one of the most popular and enduring bands of the rock era. In the early 1960s, the Rolling Stones pioneered the gritty, rhythmically d ...
ushered in a new era in popular music, and their advent signalled the start of a rapid decline in O'Keefe's career. These overseas acts in turn inspired a new generation of local 'beat' stars, spearheaded by
Bobby & Laurie
Bobby & Laurie were an Australian beat pop duo of the 1960s, with Laurie Allen (19422002) on vocals, guitar and keyboards and Bobby Bright (born in England, 3 February 1945) on vocals and guitar. Their regular backing band were the Rondells. Th ...
,
Billy Thorpe & the Aztecs
Billy Thorpe and the Aztecs were an Australian rock band formed in Sydney, New South Wales. The group enjoyed success in the mid-1960s, but split in 1967. They re-emerged in the early 1970s to become one of the most popular Australian hard-ro ...
,
Ray Brown & The Whispers,
Tony Worsley & The Fabulous Blue Jays
Tony may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Tony (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
* Gregory Tony (born 1978), American law enforcement officer
* Motu Tony (born 1981), New Zealand international rugby leagu ...
,
Normie Rowe, and
The Easybeats, who took the Australian pop scene by storm and (at least in Australia) soon came to rival the popularity of the biggest overseas acts.
Although he had helped the careers of many of his rock'n'roll contemporaries, O'Keefe was resistant to the changes in pop music and made himself unpopular amongst the new groups by banning "long-haired" acts (such as
The Missing Links) from appearing on ''Sing, Sing, Sing''. O'Keefe was alienated by the new developments in pop music, and later described this period as "the biggest downer in my career".
Another major blow to O'Keefe was the sudden death of his partner and friend Lee Gordon, who died from a heart attack in London on 7 November 1963.
O'Keefe's last major hit of the Sixties came in April 1964 (two months before the Beatles toured Australia) when "
She Wears My Ring" reached No. 2 on the singles chart. However the follow-up single charted significantly lower, peaking at a modest No. 30, and titles of the two songs seemed, in retrospect, to presage the downturn in O'Keefe's career the A-side, "Rock'n'Roll Will Stand" was backed by a cover of the
Shirelles' "Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow?".
His popularity continued to decline and sales of his records fell. ''Sing, Sing, Sing'' was eventually cancelled in October 1965.
In January 1967, O'Keefe compered a new TV show called ''
Where The Action Is''. It was produced and broadcast by the newly opened Channel
TEN-10 and filmed at various outdoor locations around Sydney, and O'Keefe released a 'spin-off' album also titled ''Where The Action Is'' during the year, but the series was not successful and budget problems and low ratings led to its cancellation in November 1967.
From 1968 onwards O'Keefe devoted most of his time to performing on the burgeoning Australian club and cabaret circuit, and aside from the 1969 live LP '' Live on the Gold Coast'', his only album releases were compilations of past hits, mostly issued on Festival's budget label
Calendar.
O'Keefe doggedly continued recording new singles during the later 1960s, but only three made it into the Top 40 "Sun's Gonna Shine Tomorrow"(#38, May 1966), "Be Careful of Stones That You Throw" (#28, August 1966) and a re-release of "She's My Baby" which reached No. 22 in August 1969.
1970s
During the late 1960s and into the 1970s, O'Keefe's personal life became increasingly busy. One of the biggest personal blows O'Keefe suffered was the end of his marriage and the 1966 divorce from his wife Marianne, whom he had married in 1958.
During 1969 O'Keefe toured
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
to entertain Australian troops stationed there. On the business front, he signed a new contract with Festival at the end of 1969 and continued to record and release singles, but it was not until July 1972 that he finally scored another hit with a re-recorded version of 1958 hit "So Tough", which reached No. 7 in September that year.
[McFarlane, op cit, p. 463]
In January 1973 O'Keefe performed at the second
Sunbury Pop Festival. MC
Paul Hogan introduced him as a "newcomer" and urged the crowd to "give him a go", and although he was at first greeted with some jeering and booing, by the end of his set he had completely won over the crowd.
In early 1974 he scored his last big hit with a version of the old
Inez and Charlie Foxx
Inez Foxx (September 9, 1937 – August 25, 2022) and her elder brother Charlie Foxx (October 23, 1933 – September 18, 1998) were an American rhythm and blues and soul duo from Greensboro, North Carolina. Inez sang lead vocal, while Char ...
hit "Mockingbird", recorded as a duet with vocalist Margaret McLaren. It became his 29th Australian hit, reaching No. 8 nationally in April 1974.
It fared well against stiff competition from the better-known
James Taylor
James Vernon Taylor (born March 12, 1948) is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. A six-time Grammy Award winner, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2000. He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, hav ...
-
Carly Simon version, which was rush-released in Australia to compete with it, but many of O'Keefe's supporters claim that O'Keefe's version was deliberately ignored by some commercial radio stations, in favour of its US rival.
In August 1974 O'Keefe put together a package tour called "The Good Old Days of Rock'n'Roll" which featured many of his old friends including Dinah Lee,
Johnny Devlin,
Lonnie Lee
Lonnie Lee is the stage name of David Laurence Rix (born 18 September 1940), an Australian singer, who has fronted Lonnie Lee and the Leeman and Lonnie Lee and the Leedons. He is a pioneer of Australian rockabilly music and has worked in the ind ...
,
Jade Hurley,
Barry Stanton
Barry John Stanton (23 January 1941 – 21 January 2018) was an English-Australian rock and roll musician. He performed on pop music programs, ''Six O'Clock Rock'', '' Bandstand'', ''Johnny O'Keefe Show'', '' Sing Sing Sing'', ''Saturday Date'' ...
, Tony Brady and
Laurel Lea
Lorraine May Chapman (3 October 194231 January 1992), professionally known as Laurel Lea, was an Australian popular singer of the late 1950s and early 1960s. Lea appeared regularly on TV series, ''Bandstand'', ''Six O'Clock Rock'' and ''Saturd ...
. It premiered at
St George Leagues Club in Sydney and continued successfully for the next four years. O'Keefe continued to issue singles, including a cover of the
Harry Vanda-
George Young George Young may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* George Young (filmmaker), Australian stage manager and film director in the silent era
* George Young (rock musician) (1946–2017), Australian musician, songwriter, and record producer
* Geor ...
song "Saturday Night", originally recorded by
The Easybeats.
On 14 February 1975 (St Valentine's Day) at the Masonic Hall, Waverley, O'Keefe married for the second time to Maureen Joan Maricic, a 29-year-old fashion consultant. They opened a boutique, J. O'K Creations, at Paddington in 1978.
Death and legacy
O'Keefe's last public appearance was on Seven Network's ''
Sounds'' program, taped on 30 September 1978, six days prior to his death.
Johnny O'Keefe died on 6 October 1978, from a heart attack induced by an accidental overdose of prescription barbiturates. He was buried at
Macquarie Park Cemetery and Crematorium in Sydney.
Since his death, O'Keefe's stature has continued to grow, and he has been posthumously accorded the recognition he did not receive in his lifetime. The first major biography on O'Keefe was published in 1982, and several others have been written since including ''The Wild One'' by Damian Johnstone and ''Johnny O'Keefe – The Facts'' written in 2008 by
Lonnie Lee
Lonnie Lee is the stage name of David Laurence Rix (born 18 September 1940), an Australian singer, who has fronted Lonnie Lee and the Leeman and Lonnie Lee and the Leedons. He is a pioneer of Australian rockabilly music and has worked in the ind ...
and released by Starlite Records. Besides being a great showman himself, he is also credited for nurturing other Australian talent, like
Barry Stanton
Barry John Stanton (23 January 1941 – 21 January 2018) was an English-Australian rock and roll musician. He performed on pop music programs, ''Six O'Clock Rock'', '' Bandstand'', ''Johnny O'Keefe Show'', '' Sing Sing Sing'', ''Saturday Date'' ...
and
Lonnie Lee
Lonnie Lee is the stage name of David Laurence Rix (born 18 September 1940), an Australian singer, who has fronted Lonnie Lee and the Leeman and Lonnie Lee and the Leedons. He is a pioneer of Australian rockabilly music and has worked in the ind ...
.
In 1986, the Seven Network produced the successful 'docu-drama' mini-series based on his life, ''
Shout! The Story of Johnny O'Keefe'', which starred actor-singer
Terry Serio as O'Keefe.
In 1986 punk legend
Iggy Pop recorded a cover version of O'Keefe's signature tune "Wild One" under the title "
Real Wild Child", which was included on his album ''
Blah Blah Blah'' and released as a single. Samples from the Iggy Pop version were incorporated into the theme music for the ABC's long-running late-night music video show ''
Rage
Rage may refer to:
* Rage (emotion), an intense form of anger
Games
* Rage (collectible card game), a collectible card game
* Rage (trick-taking card game), a commercial variant of the card game Oh Hell
* ''Rage'' (video game), a 2011 first-per ...
'', which premiered in 1987, and the opening credits of the show include footage of O'Keefe on stage.
In 1988, Johnny O'Keefe was posthumously inducted into the
ARIA
In music, an aria ( Italian: ; plural: ''arie'' , or ''arias'' in common usage, diminutive form arietta , plural ariette, or in English simply air) is a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without instrumental or orchestral accompa ...
Hall of Fame.
In 1994, the
Powerhouse Museum in Sydney recognised O'Keefe's contributions in a major exhibition of Australia's rock and pop history titled ''Real Wild Child'' and a comprehensive CD-ROM based on the exhibition was later released with the same title.
In 1998,
Australia Post
Australia Post, formally the Australian Postal Corporation, is the government business enterprise that provides postal services in Australia. The head office of Australia Post is located in Bourke Street, Melbourne, which also serves as a post ...
issued a special stamp edition celebrating the early years of Australian rock'n'roll; the first stamp in the series commemorated Johnny O'Keefe's rise to stardom in 1958.
Johnny O'Keefe's life story and career also inspired the stage musical, ''
Shout! The Legend of The Wild One'', with book by
John-Michael Howson, David Mitchell and Melvyn Morrow and featuring music made famous by O'Keefe and other hits of the 1950s.
portraitof O'Keefe by Australian artist
Ivan Durrant
Ivan Durrant is an Australian painter, performance artist and writer. Known for creating art with "great shock value", such as the 1975 "Slaughtered Cow Happening" outside the National Gallery of Victoria, Durrant is often described as the ''e ...
, titled "A Little Bit Louder Now", is in the collection of th
National Portrait Galleryin Canberra.
On 10 June 2004, a 5-metre tall Monument title
created by sculptor Dr. Alex Sandor Kolozsy CDVA, was unveiled at the Coolangatta/Tweed Heads, Twin Towns Services Club in memory of O'Keefe.
"She's My Baby" was added to the
National Film and Sound Archive's
Sounds of Australia registry in 2007.
In October 2010, his 1958 album, ''Wild One'', was listed in the top 40 in the book, ''
100 Best Australian Albums''.
In December 2020, O'Keefe was listed at number 39 in ''Rolling Stone Australia''s "50 Greatest Australian Artists of All Time" issue.
Discography
Charting albums
Charting EPs
Singles
Charting B-sides
Awards and nominations
ARIA Music Awards
The
ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of
Australian music. They commenced in 1987. O'Keefe was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1988.
, -
,
ARIA Music Awards of 1988
, himself
,
ARIA Hall of Fame
,
King of Pop Awards
The King of Pop Awards were voted by the readers of
TV Week. The King of Pop award started in 1967 and ran through to 1978.
, -
, 1972
, himself
, Special Gold Award for '20 years service to the Industry'
,
, -
, 1976
, himself
, Contribution to Australian Pop Industry
,
, -
Mo Awards
The Australian Entertainment Mo Awards (commonly known informally as the
Mo Awards), were annual Australian entertainment industry awards. They recognise achievements in live entertainment in Australia from 1975 to 2016. Johnny O'Keefe won one awards in that time, and the encouragement award was named named him.
(wins only)
, -
, 1976
, Johnny O'Keefe
, Special Contribution Award
,
, -
References
Print sources
*Caswell, Robert (1986) ''Shout! : the story of Johnny O'Keefe''Sydney : Currency Press, (pbk.) Discography: pp. 158–160.
*
*
*
External links
Johhny O'Keefe and Australian Rock 'n' Roll at Perth Capitol Theatre*
*
ttp://www.johnnyokeefe.com/ Johnny O'Keefe Home Page''Howlspace'' profileOpening sequence from Six O'Clock Rockat the National Film and Sound Archive website
"The Ambonese Connection: Lou Casch, Johnny O'Keefe and the Development of early Australian rock and roll" by Peter Cox(PDF)
25th Anniversary Tribute to Johnny O'Keefe* Listen to an excerpt o
'She's My Baby'o
australianscreen online''Sing, Sing Sing'' performed by Johnny O'keefe (video)Johnny O'Keefe
{{DEFAULTSORT:Okeefe, Johnny
1935 births
1978 deaths
ARIA Award winners
ARIA Hall of Fame inductees
Rock and roll musicians
Australian people of Irish descent
Australian pop singers
Australian rock singers
Australian Roman Catholics
Liberty Records artists
Logie Award winners
People with bipolar disorder
Drug-related deaths in Australia
20th-century Australian male singers
Australian Christians