John Patrick Diggins (April 1, 1935 – January 28, 2009) was an American professor of history at the
University of California, Irvine
The University of California, Irvine (UCI or UC Irvine) is a public land-grant research university in Irvine, California. One of the ten campuses of the University of California system, UCI offers 87 undergraduate degrees and 129 graduate and p ...
,
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the ...
, and the
City University of New York Graduate Center
The Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York (CUNY Graduate Center) is a public research institution and post-graduate university in New York City. Serving as the principal doctorate-granting institution of the C ...
.
He was the author/editor of more than a dozen books and thirty articles on widely varied topics in U.S. intellectual history.
Early life and education
Diggins was born in
San Francisco
San Francisco (; Spanish for " Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the fourth most populous in California and 17th ...
to John Diggins, Sr., who worked for the City of San Francisco as a gardener, and Anne Naughton Diggins. Both of
his parents were immigrants from Ireland. Raised in a Roman Catholic household, he attended and graduated from
Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory
Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory, commonly known as SHC or SH, is a Catholic school located in the Cathedral Hill neighborhood of San Francisco, California. Founded in 1852, Sacred Heart Cathedral is the oldest Catholic secondary school and wa ...
School.
Diggins received a bachelor's degree from the
University of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant u ...
, in 1957, a master's degree from
San Francisco State College
San Francisco State University (commonly referred to as San Francisco State, SF State and SFSU) is a public research university in San Francisco. As part of the 23-campus California State University system, the university offers 118 different b ...
, and a doctorate in History from the
University of Southern California
, mottoeng = "Let whoever earns the palm bear it"
, religious_affiliation = Nonsectarian—historically Methodist
, established =
, accreditation = WSCUC
, type = Private research university
, academic_affiliations =
, endowment = $8.1 ...
in 1964. He was an assistant professor at San Francisco State College from 1963-69; an associate professor, and then full professor at the
University of California, Irvine
The University of California, Irvine (UCI or UC Irvine) is a public land-grant research university in Irvine, California. One of the ten campuses of the University of California system, UCI offers 87 undergraduate degrees and 129 graduate and p ...
from 1969-90; and from 1990, a Distinguished Professor at the
CUNY Graduate Center
The Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York (CUNY Graduate Center) is a public research institution and post-graduate university in New York City. Serving as the principal doctorate-granting institution of the C ...
.
[Grimes, William]
"John P. Diggins, 73, Historian, Dies"
''The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid d ...
'', January 29, 2009. Accessed January 30, 2009.
Career
Diggins taught history at
San Francisco State University
San Francisco State University (commonly referred to as San Francisco State, SF State and SFSU) is a public research university in San Francisco. As part of the 23-campus California State University system, the university offers 118 different ...
until 1969, when he accepted a position at UC Irvine. There, he served as an associate professor. In 1990, Diggins moved to City University of New York Graduate Center (CUNY), where he stayed for two decades. He served as acting director of the Graduate Center from 1996-97. For a year, Diggins held the chair in American Civilization at the
École des hautes études, Paris, and was also a visiting professor at Cambridge and Princeton Universities. Additionally, Diggins was a consultant and frequent lecturer at the
University of London
The University of London (UoL; abbreviated as Lond or more rarely Londin in post-nominals) is a federal public research university located in London, England, United Kingdom. The university was established by royal charter in 1836 as a degree ...
and
Columbia University
Columbia University (also known as Columbia, and officially as Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhatt ...
.
Diggins' first book was ''Mussolini and Fascism: The View from America,'' in which he described the popularity of the Italian dictator prior to
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
and the reaction to him in the U.S. The book won Diggins the 1972
John H. Dunning Prize. He then wrote ''The American Left in the Twentieth Century" (1973), which was later revised in 1992 as "The Rise and Fall of the American Left.'' In this book, Diggins was critical of the
New Left and even tougher on the academic left, which had to a considerable extent inspired the New Left. He was also dismissive of the trendy postmodernist ideas of
Michel Foucault and
Jacques Derrida. His next book was ''Up from Communism,'' which described four prominent doctrinaire liberal thinkers who changed their ideology to embrace conservatism.
In his best-seller ''Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History'', Diggins asserted that
Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan ( ; February 6, 1911June 5, 2004) was an American politician, actor, and union leader who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. He also served as the 33rd governor of California from 1967 ...
was treated dismissively, and that his virtues were truly liberal. That view had been contrary to Diggins's original view of Reagan as governor of California during the
1960s Berkeley protests
The 1960s Berkeley protests were a series of events at the University of California, Berkeley, and Berkeley, California. Many of these protests were a small part of the larger Free Speech Movement, which had national implications and constituted t ...
, in which Reagan, as Diggins remembered, seemed to be "standing for tear gas and police"
Diggins declared Reagan to be "one of the three or four truly great presidents in U.S. history." He stated that his view of Reagan changed upon reading Reagan's writings that were released after
Reagan's death. Diggins concluded that
Reagan was, in fact, "far from conservative" and more on the liberal side of the ideological spectrum.
Instead of the previous left-wing assumptions about him, Diggins wrote, "Reagan was the great liberating spirit of modern American history, a political romantic impatient with the status quo."
Diggins' last book was ''Why Niebuhr Now?,'' describing the shifting political loyalties of
Reinhold Niebuhr
Karl Paul Reinhold Niebuhr (June 21, 1892 – June 1, 1971) was an American Reformed theologian, ethicist, commentator on politics and public affairs, and professor at Union Theological Seminary for more than 30 years. Niebuhr was one of Ameri ...
. The book was published posthumously
in 2011.
An obituary reported that Diggins "was "critical of the anti-capitalist Left for seeing in the abolition of property an end to oppression." but also "critical of the anti-government Right for seeing in the eradication of political authority the end of tyranny and the restoration of liberty."
[Mattson, Kevin]
"Man in the Middle: John Patrick Diggins"
, '' Dissent Magazine'', February 12, 2009. He stated, "I am left of right and right of left."
Diggins was a consultant on various documentary films, including "Between the Wars;" "Reds;" "John Dos Passos;" "The Greenwich Village Rebellion"; " Emma Goldman;" "The New York Intellectuals;" "The Future of the American Left;" and "Il Duce, Fascismo e American" (Italian television). Diggins also appeared in numerous interviews with
C-SPAN.
Diggins earned a
Guggenheim Fellowship in 1975, became a resident scholar at the
Rockefeller Foundation in 1989, and was nominated for the National Book Award for History.
He was a critically acclaimed member of the
American Historical Association
The American Historical Association (AHA) is the oldest professional association of historians in the United States and the largest such organization in the world. Founded in 1884, the AHA works to protect academic freedom, develop professional s ...
,
American Studies Association
The American Studies Association (ASA) is a scholarly organization founded in 1951. It is the oldest scholarly organization devoted to the interdisciplinary study of U.S. culture and history. The ASA works to promote meaningful dialogue about t ...
, and
American Philosophical Society
The American Philosophical Society (APS), founded in 1743 in Philadelphia, is a scholarly organization that promotes knowledge in the sciences and humanities through research, professional meetings, publications, library resources, and communit ...
After his death, the John Patrick Diggins '53 Endowed Scholarship was created in his name at Sacred Heart Preparatory School in San Francisco
Criticism
In a review of Diggins' ''Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History''
Rich Lowry
Richard Lowry (; born August 22, 1968) is an American writer who is the former editor and now editor-in-chief of ''National Review'', an American conservative news and opinion magazine. Lowry became editor of ''National Review'' in 1997 when selec ...
, editor of the ''
National Review
''National Review'' is an American conservative editorial magazine, focusing on news and commentary pieces on political, social, and cultural affairs. The magazine was founded by the author William F. Buckley Jr. in 1955. Its editor-in-chief ...
,'' wrote,
Diggins seems blinded by Reagan's sunniness, which, in this interpretation, was not just a matter of temperament, but reflective of a deep philosophical and religious conviction. Reagan, Diggins maintains, sought to rid "America of a God of judgment and punishment." This is absurd. Reagan
had a charitable view of human nature and a relaxed, nonjudgmental air, but there is no denying his deeply felt social conservatism. He wrote – as a sitting president, no less – the anti-abortion tract "Abortion and the Conscience of the Nation."
Personal life
Diggins' marriage to his wife, Judith, ended in divorce. As a California native, he lived in
Laguna Beach, California
Laguna Beach (; ''Laguna'', Spanish for "Lagoon") is a seaside resort city located in southern Orange County, California, in the United States. It is known for its mild year-round climate, scenic coves, environmental preservation efforts, and a ...
, for years while he taught at UC Irvine. Later, Diggins lived on the
Upper West Side
The Upper West Side (UWS) is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. It is bounded by Central Park on the east, the Hudson River on the west, West 59th Street to the south, and West 110th Street to the north. The Upper West ...
in Manhattan while teaching at CUNY Graduate Center. He died in Manhattan on January 28, 2009, after a battle with
Colorectal cancer. He was survived by his companion of fifteen years, the author Elizabeth Harlan; a son and a daughter; two sisters; and two grandchildren.
Bibliography
* (2011) ''Why Niebuhr Now?'' ()
* (2007) ''Eugene O'Neill's America: Desire Under Democracy'' ()
* (2007) ''Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History''
* (2004) ''The Portable John Adams'' (editor)
* (2003) ''John Adams: The American Presidents Series''
* (2000) ''On Hallowed Ground: Abraham Lincoln and the Foundations of American History''
* (1997) ''The Liberal Persuasion: Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. and the Challenge of the American Past'' (co-editor)
* (1996) ''Max Weber: Politics and the Spirit of Tragedy''
* (1994) ''The Promise of Pragmatism: Modernism and the Crisis of Knowledge and Authority'' ()
* (1988) ''The Proud Decades: America in War and Peace, 1941–1960''
* (1984) ''The Lost Soul of American Politics: Virtue, Self-Interest, and the Foundations of Liberalism'' ()
* (1981) ''The Problem of Authority in America'' (co-editor)
* (1978) ''The Bard of Savagery: Thorstein Veblen and Modern Social Theory''
* (1975) ''Up From Communism: Conservative Odysseys in American Intellectual History''
* (1973) ''The American Left in the Twentieth Century'' (reworked into ''The Rise and Fall of the American Left'', 1992)
* (1972) ''Mussolini and Fascism: The View from America''
Journal articles
* Dos Passos and Veblen's Villains, ''Antioch Review'' 23, no. 4 (1963–1964): 485–500.
* Flirtation with Fascism: American Pragmatic Liberals and Mussolini's Italy, ''American Historical Review'' 71, no. 2 (1966): 487–506.
* The American Writer, Fascism, and the Liberation of Italy, ''American Quarterly'' 18, no. 4 (1966): 599–614.
* Mussolini and America: Hero-Worship, Charisma, and the "Vulgar Talent," ''Historian'' 28, no. 4 (1966): 559–85.
* American Catholics and Italian Fascism, ''Journal of Contemporary History'' 2, no. 4 (1967): 51–68.
* The Italo-American Antifascist Opposition, ''Journal of American History'' 54, no. 3 (1967)
* Ideology and Pragmatism: Philosophy or Passion?, ''American Political Science Review'' 64, no. 3 (1970): 899–906.
* Consciousness and Ideology in American History: The Burden of Daniel J. Boorstin, ''American Historical Review'' 76, no. 1 (1971): 99–118.
* The Perils of Naturalism: Some Reflections on Daniel J. Boorstin's Approach to American History, ''American Quarterly'' 23, no. 2 (1971): 153–80.
* Thoreau, Marx, and the "Riddle" of Alienation, ''Social Research'' 39, no. 4 (1972)
* Getting Hegel out of History: Max Eastman's Quarrel with Marxism, ''American Historical Review'' 79, no. 1 (1974): 38–71.
* Visions of Chaos and Visions of Order: Dos Passos as Historian, ''American Literature'' 46, no. 3 (1974): 329–46.
* Four Theories in Search of a Reality: James Burnham, Soviet Communism, and the Cold War, ''American Political Science Review'' 70, no. 2 (1976): 492–508.
* Slavery, Race, and Equality: Jefferson and the Pathos of the Enlightenment, ''American Quarterly'' 28, no. 2 (1976): 206–28.
* Animism and the Origins of Alienation: The Anthropological Perspective of Thorstein Veblen, ''History and Theory'' 16, no. 2 (1977): 113–36.
* Reification and the Cultural Hegemony of Capitalism: The Perspectives of Marx and Veblen, ''Social Research'' 44, no. 2 (1977).
* Barbarism and Capitalism: The Strange Perspectives of Thorstein Veblem, ''Marxist Perspectives'' 1, no. 2 (1978): 138–57.
* The Socialization of Authority and the Dilemmas of American Liberalism, ''Social Research'' 46 (1979): 454–86.
* Power and Authority in American History: The Case of Charles A. Beard and his Critics, ''American Historical Review'' 86, no. 4 (1981): 701–30.
* The Oyster and the Pearl: The Problem of Contextualism in Intellectual History, ''History and Theory'' 23, no. 2 (1984): 151–69.
* Republicanism and Progressivism, ''American Quarterly'' 37, no. 4 (1985): 572–98.
* "Who Bore the Failure of the Light": Henry Adams and the Crisis of Authority,'' New England Quarterly'' 58, no. 2 (1985): 165- 92.
* Comrades and Citizens: New Mythologies in American Historiography, ''American Historical Review'' 90, no. 3 (1985): 614–38.
* Between Bailyn and Beard: The Perspectives of Gordon S. Wood, ''William and Mary Quarterly'' vol. XLIV (1987): 563–68.
* John Adams et les Critiques Francais de la Constitution Americaine ("John Adams and the French Critics of the Constitution"), ''La Revue Tocqueville'' 9 (1987–1988): 155–80.
* The Misuses of Gramsci, ''The Journal of American History'' 75, no. 1 (1988): 141–45.
* Knowledge and Sorrow: Louis Hartz's Quarrel with American History, ''Political Theory'' 16, no. 3 (1988): 355–76.
* Class, Classical, and Consensus Views of the Constitution,'' University of Chicago Law Review'' 55, no. 2 (1988): 555–70.
* From Pragmatism to Natural Law: Walter Lippmann's Quest for the Foundation of Legitimacy, ''Political Theory'' 19, no. 4 (1991): 519–38.
* Thorstein Veblen and the Literature of the Theory Class, ''International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society'' 6, no. 4 (1993): 481–90.
* America's Two Visitors: Tocqueville and Weber, ''La Revue Tocqueville'' 17, no. 2 (1996): 165–182.
* Arthur O. Lovejoy and the Challenge of Intellectual History, ''Journal of the History of Ideas'' 67, no. 1 (2006): 181–208.
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Diggins, John Patrick
1935 births
2009 deaths
20th-century American historians
American male non-fiction writers
Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
Deaths from colorectal cancer
People from Manhattan
Writers from San Francisco
University of California, Berkeley alumni
San Francisco State University alumni
University of Southern California alumni
San Francisco State University faculty
University of California, Irvine faculty
Academic staff of the University of Paris
Graduate Center, CUNY faculty
Historians from New York (state)
Historians from California
20th-century American male writers