John of Toledo (died 1275) was an English Cistercian and Cardinal. Little is known about John before 1244: He was born in England, had studied medicine in Toledo and acquired theological skills at an unknown place. He became a Cistercian monk in the French

abbey of Clairvaux Clairvaux Abbey (, ; la, Clara Vallis) was a Cistercian monastery in Ville-sous-la-Ferté, from Bar-sur-Aube. The original building, founded in 1115 by St. Bernard, is now in ruins; the present structure dates from 1708. Clairvaux Abbey was ...

and together with other clerics while on the way to a synod in

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

, he was captured by the troops of Emperor Frederick II in 1241 and was his prisoner for about two years, together with another Cistercian, the cardinal bishop of Palestrina,

Giacomo da Pecorara James of Pecorara or Giacomo da Pecorara (1170s – June 1244) was an Italian monk, cardinal and diplomat. James was a cleric in the church of Ravenna before he joined the Cistercians in 1215, becoming abbot of Trois-Fontaines in France in 12 ...

.Cf. Björn Gebert, Außerordentlich: Johann von Toledo OCist und seine Kontakte zu Kartäusern und anderen Ordensleuten. Ein Beitrag zur Beziehung zwischen Kartäuserorden und Kurie im 13. Jahrhundert, in: Hermann Josef Roth (ed.), Die Kartäuser im Blickpunkt der Wissenschaften. 35 Jahre internationale Treffen 23.-25. Mai 2014 in der ehemaligen Kölner Kartause (Analecta Cartusiana 310), Salzburg 2015, pp. 113-122, here 115f; Andreas Fischer, Kardinäle im Konklave. Die lange Sedisvakanz der Jahre 1268 bis 1271 (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in rom 118), Tübingen 2008, pp. 56-72, here 56-58. Created cardinal priest of

San Lorenzo in Lucina The Minor Basilica of St. Lawrence in Lucina ( it, Basilica Minore di San Lorenzo in Lucina or simply it, San Lorenzo in Lucina; la, S. Laurentii in Lucina) is a Roman Catholic parish, titular church, and minor basilica in central Rome, Italy. ...

in 1244 by

Pope Innocent IV Pope Innocent IV ( la, Innocentius IV; – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254. Fieschi was born in Genoa and studied at the universitie ...

, he became bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina in 1262. He took part in the Papal election of 1268 to 1271 at

Viterbo Viterbo (; Viterbese: ; lat-med, Viterbium) is a city and ''comune'' in the Lazio region of central Italy, the capital of the province of Viterbo. It conquered and absorbed the neighboring town of Ferento (see Ferentium) in its early history ...

and was

Dean of the College of Cardinals The dean of the College of Cardinals ( la, Decanus Collegii Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae Cardinalium) presides over the College of Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church, serving as ''primus inter pares'' (first among equals). The position was establi ...

in January 1273. He died in 1275.

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Biography
{{Authority control 1275 deaths Year of birth unknown 13th-century apocalypticists 13th-century English cardinals 13th-century translators Cardinal-bishops of Porto Cistercian abbots Deans of the College of Cardinals English Cistercians Cistercian cardinals