John Archibald McCallum (31 July 1892 – 30 December 1973) was an Australian school teacher and politician, Senator for New South Wales. McCallum was born in

Mittagong Mittagong () is a town located in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. The town acts as the gateway to the Southern Highlands when coming from Sydney. Mittagong is situated at an elevation of . The town ...

New South Wales ) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , es ...

, the son of Welsh-born Catherine Margaret, née Protheroe (1857–?) and her husband Scottish coach builder Archibald Duncan McCallum (1857–1939). He was educated at

Sydney High School , motto_translation = With Truth and Courage , established = , location = Cleveland Street, Moore Park, Sydney, New South Wales , country = Australia , coordinates = , pu ...

and

Sydney Teachers College The Sydney Teachers' College was a tertiary education institution that trained school teachers in Sydney, Australia, Sydney, Australia. It existed from 1906 until the end of 1981, when it became the Sydney Institute of Education, a part of the ne ...

, teaching at

Parramatta High School , motto_translation = The torch of the mind lights the path to glory , logo = Parramatta logo.gif , established = , type = Government-funded co-educational dual modality partially aca ...

before enlisting in the Australian Imperial Force in September 1915, serving in Egypt, France and Belgium. He was injured in the

Battle of Polygon Wood The Battle of Polygon Wood took place from 26 September to 3 October 1917, during the second phase of the Third Battle of Ypres in the First World War. The battle was fought near Ypres in Belgium, in the area from the Menin road to Polygon Wood a ...

in September 1917. He was wounded in the right leg and was subsequently discharged. Upon his return he studied history at the

University of Sydney The University of Sydney (USYD), also known as Sydney University, or informally Sydney Uni, is a public research university located in Sydney, Australia. Founded in 1850, it is the oldest university in Australia and is one of the country's si ...

under

George Arnold Wood George Arnold Wood (7 June 1865 – 14 October 1928) was an English Australian historian notable for writing an early work on Australian history entitled ''The Discovery of Australia''. Wood was born at Salford, England; he was educated at Owens ...

, where he attained first class honours and the university medal in 1921. He returned to teaching history and economics, a member of the Teachers' Federation and was active in the

Workers' Educational Association The Workers' Educational Association (WEA), founded in 1903, is the UK's largest voluntary sector provider of adult education and one of Britain's biggest charities. The WEA is a democratic and voluntary adult education movement. It delivers lea ...

, contributing to its journal ''Australian Highway''. He was a director of the Australian Institute of Political Science, contributing to its journal, ''

Australian Quarterly ''Australian Quarterly'' is Australia's longest running political science journal, established in 1929. Its original focus on science policy quickly broadened to encompass a wide range of political, economic, and social issues. From 1929 to mid-1 ...

'' and representing it as an observer at the

Asian Relations Conference The Asian Relations Conference was an international conference that took place in New Delhi from 23 March to 2 April, 1947. Organized by the Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA), the Conference was hosted by Jawaharlal Nehru, then the Vice-P ...

New Delhi New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament House ...

in 1947. He also contributed to ''New Outlook'' and appeared on ''The World We Live in'', a schools programme on the

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''.''

Politics

McCallum came to oppose Jack Lang describing Lang as a despot and the state branch as subject to Lang's "complete and arbitrary authority'. Following the Labor split in 1931 he become president of the federal Labor Party. The party's best result was the 1931 federal election, achieving 16.8% of the primary vote in NSW and winning 3 of the 28 NSW seats in the House of Representatives. At the 1932 NSW state election McCallum was an unsuccessful candidate for Lakemba and at the 1934 federal election McCallum was an unsuccessful candidate for

Martin Martin may refer to: Places * Martin City (disambiguation) * Martin County (disambiguation) * Martin Township (disambiguation) Antarctica * Martin Peninsula, Marie Byrd Land * Port Martin, Adelie Land * Point Martin, South Orkney Islands Austral ...

. He was disaffected by the 1936 Labor unity conference, declaring that Labor had sold out to the rebels. He was further disatisfied with Labor's isolationism at the 1937 state conference and left the party. He was a foundation member of the

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. __TOC__ Active liberal parties This is a li ...

in 1944 and was the third candidate on the

coalition A coalition is a group formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political or economical spaces. Formation According to ''A Gui ...

ticket for NSW for the

Australian Senate The Senate is the upper house of the Bicameralism, bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives (Australia), House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter ...

at the and was re-elected in and . For the he was defeated by

Eileen Furley Mabel Eileen Furley (; 13 March 1900 – 20 September 1985) was the first woman to represent the Liberal Party in the New South Wales Legislative Council. The only child of accountant Frederick John Griffith Llewelyn and Alice, ''née'' Th ...

for the third spot on the coalition's senate ticket, and McCallum retired at the end of his term in 1962.

Family

He married Eda Lockwood, a school teacher, on 17 December 1921 and they would have four children, Douglas McCrae, Barbara, Wallace Lincoln and Jacqueline Mary. They separated in 1932 and divorced in 1938. He married a second time 27 November 1940 to Edith Ellen Ernestina Fay, also a school teacher. Edith had been a student of McCallum when he was deputy headmaster at Grafton High School from 1929 to 1931. They had no children and divorced in 1954. McCallum died in 1973 (aged 81) at his home in

Lindfield, New South Wales Lindfield is a suburb on the Upper North Shore of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 13 kilometres north-west of the Sydney Central Business District and is in the local government area of Ku-ring-gai Council. East Lindfi ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:McCallum, John 1892 births 1973 deaths Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia Members of the Australian Senate for New South Wales Members of the Australian Senate Australian political scientists 20th-century Australian politicians 20th-century political scientists Australian Labor Party officials