Rev. John Lloyd
DCL (1533-1607) was an eminent Welsh lawyer, Judge of the
High Court of Admiralty
Admiralty courts, also known as maritime courts, are courts exercising jurisdiction over all maritime contracts, torts, injuries, and offences.
Admiralty courts in the United Kingdom England and Wales
Scotland
The Scottish court's earliest ...
in London, board member of
All Souls College
All Souls College (official name: College of the Souls of All the Faithful Departed) is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. Unique to All Souls, all of its members automatically become fellows (i.e., full members of t ...
, and a cofounder, along with Queen
Elizabeth Tudor
Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is sometimes referred to as the "Virgin Queen".
Eliz ...
, of the first Protestant College at the University of Oxford.
Biography
John Lloyd was born in 1533, the third son of David Lloyd of Cevn Amwlch, in
Lleyn, Carnarvonshire. He resided at
Hartshorne, Derbyshire
Hartshorne is a village and civil parish in the English county of Derbyshire. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 3,888. It is north of the town of Swadlincote.
The name is pronounced Harts-horne; the sh is not a digrap ...
, and at his lodge in
London
London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
. He married Elizabeth Pigott of Doddershall, daughter of
Thomas Pigott (Bedfordshire MP), the
High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire
The High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire, in common with other counties, was originally the King's representative on taxation upholding the law in Saxon times. The word Sheriff evolved from 'shire-reeve'.
Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the ...
. His brother-in-law was Thomas Pigott,
Justice of the Peace, while his nephew,
Thomas Pigott (Aylesbury MP), was son-in-law of
Sir John Allot, the
Lord Mayor of London
The Lord Mayor of London is the mayor of the City of London and the leader of the City of London Corporation. Within the City, the Lord Mayor is accorded precedence over all individuals except the sovereign and retains various traditional pow ...
.
Lloyd obtained his
Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor of arts (BA or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree course is generally completed in three or four year ...
degree from the
University of Oxford
, mottoeng = The Lord is my light
, established =
, endowment = £6.1 billion (including colleges) (2019)
, budget = £2.145 billion (2019–20)
, chancellor ...
in 1542. He was a
Fellow
A fellow is a concept whose exact meaning depends on context.
In learned or professional societies, it refers to a privileged member who is specially elected in recognition of their work and achievements.
Within the context of higher education ...
of
All Souls College
All Souls College (official name: College of the Souls of All the Faithful Departed) is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. Unique to All Souls, all of its members automatically become fellows (i.e., full members of t ...
, member of the governing body of Oxford University. He received the degrees of
Bachelor of Civil Law
Bachelor of Civil Law (abbreviated BCL, or B.C.L.; la, Baccalaureus Civilis Legis) is the name of various degrees in law conferred by English-language universities. The BCL originated as a postgraduate degree in the universities of Oxford and Cam ...
in 1554 and
Doctor of Civil Law
Doctor of Civil Law (DCL; la, Legis Civilis Doctor or Juris Civilis Doctor) is a degree offered by some universities, such as the University of Oxford, instead of the more common Doctor of Laws (LLD) degrees.
At Oxford, the degree is a higher ...
in 1565. He became an advocate of the Canterbury
Court of the Arches in 1566, and later, Judge of the
High Court of Admiralty
Admiralty courts, also known as maritime courts, are courts exercising jurisdiction over all maritime contracts, torts, injuries, and offences.
Admiralty courts in the United Kingdom England and Wales
Scotland
The Scottish court's earliest ...
in London. Lloyd worked under
Lord Admirals,
Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln, husband of
Elizabeth FitzGerald, and
Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, cousin of
Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was List of English monarchs, Queen of England and List of Irish monarchs, Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is ...
and
Anne Boleyn
Anne Boleyn (; 1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536) was Queen of England from 1533 to 1536, as the second wife of King Henry VIII. The circumstances of her marriage and of her execution by beheading for treason and other charges made her a key ...
.
![British ships in the Seven Years War before Havana](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/British_ships_in_the_Seven_Years_War_before_Havana.jpg)
As a Judge of the
High Court of Admiralty
Admiralty courts, also known as maritime courts, are courts exercising jurisdiction over all maritime contracts, torts, injuries, and offences.
Admiralty courts in the United Kingdom England and Wales
Scotland
The Scottish court's earliest ...
, Lloyd had to deal with maritime issues, such as acts of
piracy
Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and other valuable goods. Those who conduct acts of piracy are called pirates, v ...
, and captures of
warfare vessels and
merchant ship
A merchant ship, merchant vessel, trading vessel, or merchantman is a watercraft that transports cargo or carries passengers for hire. This is in contrast to pleasure craft, which are used for personal recreation, and naval ships, which are ...
s by ennemies or competitors. He also had to settle the rights between
merchants,
seamen, and
ship-owner
A ship-owner is the owner of a merchant vessel (commercial ship) and is involved in the shipping industry. In the commercial sense of the term, a shipowner is someone who equips and exploits a ship, usually for delivering cargo at a certain fre ...
s. The Admiralty Court was considered a merchant's court, designed to protect the rights of traders, and dealt with the problems they encountered with
pirates. Lloyd worked during an important period of change, the
Tudor period
The Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603 in England and Wales and includes the Elizabethan period during the reign of Elizabeth I until 1603. The Tudor period coincides with the dynasty of the House of Tudor in England that began wit ...
, which marked the beginning of the
British Empire
The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts e ...
.
With improvements in ship technology, capital financing, and with the discovery of new colonies around the world, Britain developed a policy of commercial and
overseas expansion. The reforms of
Henry VIII, and later of Elizabeth Tudor, allowed the
Admiralty Court to flourish as they were able to deal with more matters related to law and finance, such as commercial
disputes,
freight
Cargo consists of bulk goods conveyed by water, air, or land. In economics, freight is cargo that is transported at a freight rate for commercial gain. ''Cargo'' was originally a shipload but now covers all types of freight, including tran ...
and
charterparty,
bills of exchange
A negotiable instrument is a document guaranteeing the payment of a specific amount of money, either on demand, or at a set time, whose payer is usually named on the document. More specifically, it is a document contemplated by or consisting of a ...
,
lading,
insurance
Insurance is a means of protection from financial loss in which, in exchange for a fee, a party agrees to compensate another party in the event of a certain loss, damage, or injury. It is a form of risk management, primarily used to hedge ...
, and
hypothecation of ships. This opened the way for Lloyd, who was an ambitious lawyer, as they needed more Judges to deal with the increasing complexity of
maritime trade.
Later life
![Engraving Jesus College 1740](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Engraving_Jesus_College_1740.jpg)
In April 1559, Lloyd was appointed
Dean
Dean may refer to:
People
* Dean (given name)
* Dean (surname), a surname of Anglo-Saxon English origin
* Dean (South Korean singer), a stage name for singer Kwon Hyuk
* Dean Delannoit, a Belgian singer most known by the mononym Dean
Titles
* ...
of
St Asaph
St Asaph (; cy, Llanelwy "church on the Elwy") is a city and community on the River Elwy in Denbighshire, Wales. In the 2011 Census it had a population of 3,355, making it the second-smallest city in Britain in terms of population and urban ...
in Wales but was removed from this position in November the same year. In 1571, he was named in a charter granted by
Queen Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is sometimes referred to as the "Virgin Queen".
El ...
as one of the
eight founding fellows of
Jesus College, Oxford
Jesus College (in full: Jesus College in the University of Oxford of Queen Elizabeth's Foundation) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. It is in the centre of the city, on a site between Turl Street, Ship S ...
. That College was the first
Protestant
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to b ...
college at the
University of Oxford
, mottoeng = The Lord is my light
, established =
, endowment = £6.1 billion (including colleges) (2019)
, budget = £2.145 billion (2019–20)
, chancellor ...
and was the only college created there by Elizabeth Tudor. Members of that charter, along with John Lloyd, were the Secretary of State,
William Cecil of
Burghley House
Burghley House () is a grand sixteenth-century English country house near Stamford, Lincolnshire. It is a leading example of the Elizabethan prodigy house, built and still lived in by the Cecil family. The exterior largely retains its Elizabet ...
; the Lord Chancellor of England,
Sir Christopher Hatton
Sir Christopher Hatton KG (1540 – 20 November 1591) was an English politician, Lord Chancellor of England and a favourite of Elizabeth I of England. He was one of the judges who found Mary, Queen of Scots guilty of treason.
Early years
Sir ...
of
Holdenby Palace ; the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal,
Nicholas Bacon of
Old Gorhambury House
Old Gorhambury House located near St Albans, Hertfordshire, England, is a ruined Elizabethan mansion, a leading and early example of the Elizabethan prodigy house. It was built in 1563–68 by Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper, and was visited a ...
, and a few others.
There was in total
8 founding fellows,
8 founding commissioners,
8 founding scholars, and a
Principal. In 1589, Elizabeth Tudor issued a new Charter, reducing the members from 22 to 13, making all of them Commissioners with no more Fellows or Scholars. John Lloyd was one the
thirteen founding Commissioners appointed by the Queen and was promoted from Fellow to Commissionner. Before Jesus College was founded, Lloyd had also been the
Principal of
White Hall
White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White on ...
at the University of Oxford. He died in February 1607 and was buried in the
Minster (church)
Minster is an honorific title given to particular churches in England, most notably York Minster in Yorkshire, Westminster Abbey in London and Southwell Minster in Nottinghamshire.
The term ''minster'' is first found in royal foundation charte ...
at
Chester Cathedral
Chester Cathedral is a Church of England cathedral and the mother church of the Diocese of Chester. It is located in the city of Chester, Cheshire, England. The cathedral, formerly the abbey church of a Benedictine monastery dedicated to Sain ...
, in England.
Family members
John Lloyd was a member of the Griffith family of Cevn Amwlch, who rose to power after challenging the supremacy of the
Wynn family of Gwydir.
![Yale family chrest](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Yale_family_chrest.jpg)
Members of his family included :
*
John Griffith (MP for Beaumaris)
John Griffith (1591 – 10 August 1642) was a Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1642.
Griffith was the son of John Griffith (of Cefnamlwch), Llyn. He matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford age ...
,
Constable
A constable is a person holding a particular office, most commonly in criminal law enforcement. The office of constable can vary significantly in different jurisdictions. A constable is commonly the rank of an officer within the police. Other peop ...
of
Carnarvon Castle
Caernarfon Castle ( cy, Castell Caernarfon ) – often anglicised as Carnarvon Castle or Caernarvon Castle – is a medieval fortress in Caernarfon, Gwynedd, north-west Wales cared for by Cadw, the Welsh Government's historic environ ...
and
Vice-Admiral of North Wales
The Vice-Admiral of North Wales was responsible for the coastal defence of North Wales. The list of vice-admirals below also includes those of Carmarthen and Pembroke, with which for many years the Vice-Admiralty of North Wales was combined.
His ...
*
Sir John Griffith, grandson of
Sir Richard Trevor of
Trevalyn Hall
Trevalyn Hall in Rossett, a Grade II* listed building, is an Elizabethan manor house near Wrexham in Wales. It was built by John Trevor in 1576. The Trevor family of Trevalyn were one of the leading families in East Denbighshire by about 1600 wit ...
, close friend of the
1st Earl of Nottingham
*
Edmund Griffith
Edmund Griffith (1570–1637) was a Welsh bishop of Bangor.
Life
Griffith was born in Lleyn, the promontory of Carnarvonshire, the fourth son of Gruffydd ab Sion Gruffydd of Cevnamlwch. His mother was Catrin, the daughter of Sir Richard Bulke ...
,
Bishop of Bangor
The Bishop of Bangor is the ordinary of the Church in Wales Diocese of Bangor. The see is based in the city of Bangor where the bishop's seat (''cathedra'') is at Cathedral Church of Saint Deiniol.
The ''Report of the Commissioners appointed ...
, consecrated by the
Archbishop of Canterbury
The archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and a principal leader of the Church of England, the ceremonial head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. The current archbishop is Justi ...
,
William Laud
William Laud (; 7 October 1573 – 10 January 1645) was a bishop in the Church of England. Appointed Archbishop of Canterbury by Charles I in 1633, Laud was a key advocate of Charles I's religious reforms, he was arrested by Parliament in 1640 ...
*
Sir Richard Bulkeley, son of the
Chamberlain
Chamberlain may refer to:
Profession
*Chamberlain (office), the officer in charge of managing the household of a sovereign or other noble figure
People
*Chamberlain (surname)
**Houston Stewart Chamberlain (1855–1927), German-British philosop ...
of North Wales, married to a granddaughter of
1st Earl of Worcester
*
Lancelot Bulkeley
Lancelot (Launcelot) Bulkeley (1568? – 8 September 1650) was a Welsh Archbishop of Dublin and member of the Privy Council of Ireland.
Life
He was the eleventh and youngest son of Sir Richard Bulkeley of Beaumaris and Cheadle, but the eld ...
,
Archbishop of Dublin
The Archbishop of Dublin is an archepiscopal title which takes its name after Dublin, Ireland. Since the Reformation, there have been parallel apostolic successions to the title: one in the Catholic Church and the other in the Church of Irelan ...
, elected on the
Privy Council
A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government. The word "privy" means "private" or "secret"; thus, a privy council was originally a committee of the mon ...
by King
James I of England
James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and King of Ireland, Ireland as James I from the Union of the Crowns, union of the Scottish and Eng ...
*
Richard Bulkeley (died 1621)
Sir Richard Bulkeley (1533 – 28 June 1621) of Beaumaris, Anglesey and Lewisham, was a Welsh politician and courtier of Elizabeth Tudor, who sat in the House of Commons of England in 1563 and from 1604 to 1614.
Life
Bulkeley was the eldest so ...
,
Constable
A constable is a person holding a particular office, most commonly in criminal law enforcement. The office of constable can vary significantly in different jurisdictions. A constable is commonly the rank of an officer within the police. Other peop ...
of
Beaumaris Castle
Beaumaris Castle ( ; cy, Castell Biwmares ), in Beaumaris, Anglesey, Wales, was built as part of Edward I's campaign to conquer north Wales after 1282. Plans were probably first made to construct the castle in 1284, but this was delayed d ...
, involved in the
Babington Plot
The Babington Plot was a plan in 1586 to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I, a Protestant, and put Mary, Queen of Scots, her Catholic cousin, on the English throne. It led to Mary's execution, a result of a letter sent by Mary (who had been impris ...
Children
John Lloyd children included :
*Frances Lloyd married to Dr. David Yale of Plas Grono, Chancellor of Chester, and nephew of Chancellor
Thomas Yale
Thomas Yale (1525/6–1577) was the Chancellor, Vicar general and Official Principal of the Head of the Church of England : Matthew Parker, 1st Archbishop of Canterbury, and later on, of Edmund Grindal, 2nd Archbishop of Canterbury, during the E ...
.
**One of their sons, Thomas Yale (1587–1619), became the grandfather of Governor
Elihu Yale
Elihu Yale (5 April 1649 – 8 July 1721) was a British-American colonial administrator and philanthropist. Although born in Boston, Massachusetts, he only lived in America as a child, spending the rest of his life in England, Wales and India ...
of
Yale University
Yale University is a private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Established in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and among the most prestigious in the wo ...
. His widow, Ann Lloyd, daughter of Bishop
George Lloyd, remarried after his death to Governor
Theophilus Eaton
Theophilus Eaton (January 7, 1658) was a wealthy New England Puritan merchant, first Governor of New Haven Colony, Connecticut, co founder of that same colony and co founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. His brother, Nathaniel Eaton, w ...
.
*Mary Lloyd married to
Sir Simon Weston, Knight of Lichfield and High Sheriff of Staffordshire.
**Their only daughter Elizabeth married to the
2nd Earl of Londonderry, Robert Ridgeway, son of
Thomas Ridgeway, 1st Earl of Londonderry
Thomas Ridgeway, 1st Earl of Londonderry (1565? – 1631) was an English administrator active in Ireland, in particular in the Ulster Plantation.
Origins
He was born in about 1565 either at Torwood House in his father's Manorialism, manor of Tor ...
.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lloyd, John
1607 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford
Fellows of Jesus College, Oxford
16th-century English Anglican priests
English knights
Deans of St Asaph
Year of birth unknown
16th-century births
17th-century English judges
16th-century English judges