John Kendrick Jr. (born before April 1772), also known as Juan Kendrick, was the eldest son of John Kendrick, the

American American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...

sea captain who commanded the first

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

expedition to the

Pacific Northwest The Pacific Northwest (sometimes Cascadia, or simply abbreviated as PNW) is a geographic region in western North America bounded by its coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean to the west and, loosely, by the Rocky Mountains to the east. Though ...

. John Jr.'s exact date of birth is not known, but he was baptized in April, 1772, in

Cape Cod Cape Cod is a peninsula extending into the Atlantic Ocean from the southeastern corner of mainland Massachusetts, in the northeastern United States. Its historic, maritime character and ample beaches attract heavy tourism during the summer mont ...

Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett language, Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut assachusett writing systems, məhswatʃəwiːsət'' English: , ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous U.S. state, state in the New England ...

. In 1787 John Kendrick Senior enlisted his two eldest sons, John Jr. and Solomon Kendrick, to come with him on his expedition to the Pacific Northwest aboard the ship ''

Columbia Rediviva ''Columbia Rediviva'' (commonly known as ''Columbia'') was a privately owned American ship under the command, first, of John Kendrick, and later Captain Robert Gray, best known for going to the Pacific Northwest for the maritime fur trade. "R ...

'', which was accompanied by ''

Lady Washington ''Lady Washington'' is a ship name shared by at least four different 80-100 ton-class Sloop-of-war and merchant sailing vessels during two different time periods. The original sailed during the American Revolutionary War and harassed British shi ...

'', under Robert Gray. John Kendrick Jr. was an officer, probably the fifth mate, and given an advance payment of £4 10s. The younger Solomon was a sailor before the mast and given a lesser advance of £1 10s. In 1789 the ''Columbia'' and ''Lady Washington'' were at the Spanish naval outpost

Santa Cruz de Nuca Santa Cruz de Nuca (or Nutca) was a Spanish colonial fort and settlement and the first European colony in what is now known as British Columbia. The settlement was founded on Vancouver Island in 1789 and abandoned in 1795, with its far northerly ...

Nootka Sound , image = Morning on Nootka Sound.jpg , image_size = 250px , alt = , caption = Clouds over Nootka Sound , image_bathymetry = , alt_bathymetry = , caption_bathymetry = Map of Nootka So ...

, during the start of the

Nootka Crisis The Nootka Crisis, also known as the Spanish Armament, was an international incident and political dispute between the Nuu-chah-nulth Nation, the Spanish Empire, the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the fledgling United States of America triggered ...

. While there John Kendrick Jr. decided to leave his father and join the

Spanish Navy The Spanish Navy or officially, the Armada, is the maritime branch of the Spanish Armed Forces and one of the oldest active naval forces in the world. The Spanish Navy was responsible for a number of major historic achievements in navigation, ...

. He converted to

Catholicism The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

and was known as Juan Kendrick during his time with the Spanish Navy. He served the Naval Department of

San Blas, Nayarit San Blas is both a municipality and municipal seat located on the Pacific coast of Mexico in Nayarit. City San Blas is a port and popular tourist destination, located about north of Puerto Vallarta, and west of the state capital Tepic, and th ...

, which was in charge of naval operations on the west coast of North America. In late 1794 John Kendrick Senior, after several voyages across the Pacific, encountered his son, "Juan" at Nootka Sound. Juan Kendrick had come to Nootka Sound as master of the Spanish frigate '' Aranzazu''. The two exchanged information, including the news that Juan's brother Solomon Kendrick was probably dead. He had been part of the crew of the ''

Resolution Resolution(s) may refer to: Common meanings * Resolution (debate), the statement which is debated in policy debate * Resolution (law), a written motion adopted by a deliberative body * New Year's resolution, a commitment that an individual mak ...

'', which had disappeared and was presumed lost. Later Juan Kendrick learned that the ''Resolution'' had been attacked by

Haida Haida may refer to: Places * Haida, an old name for Nový Bor * Haida Gwaii, meaning "Islands of the People", formerly called the Queen Charlotte Islands * Haida Islands, a different archipelago near Bella Bella, British Columbia Ships * , a 1 ...

under Chief

Cumshewa Cumshewa, also Go'mshewah, Cummashawa, Cummashawaas, Cumchewas, Gumshewa was an important hereditary leader of the Haida people of Haida Gwaii on the North Coast of British Columbia, Canada. His name is believed to be of either Kwak'wala or Heilt ...

and

Koyah Koyah, also Xo'ya, Coya, Coyour, Kower, Kouyer (Haida: ''Xhuuyaa'' - "Raven" ( 1787–1795), was the chief of Ninstints or Skungwai, the main village of the Kunghit-Haida during the era of the Maritime Fur Trade in Haida Gwaii off the North Coast o ...

, and the crew killed, including Solomon Kendrick. In 1799, as a crew member aboard the ''

Eliza ELIZA is an early natural language processing computer program created from 1964 to 1966 at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory by Joseph Weizenbaum. Created to demonstrate the superficiality of communication between humans and machines, E ...

'' under Captain James Rowan, and no longer with the Spanish Navy, John Kendrick Jr. and others exacted revenge upon the Haida. After ''Eliza'' returned to New England John Kendrick Jr. joined the crew of the maritime fur trading vessel ''

Juno Juno commonly refers to: *Juno (mythology), the Roman goddess of marriage and queen of the gods *Juno (film), ''Juno'' (film), 2007 Juno may also refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Fictional characters *Juno, in the film ''Jenny, Juno'' *Ju ...

'', which under Captain Gibbs sailed from

Bristol, Rhode Island Bristol is a town in Bristol County, Rhode Island, US as well as the historic county seat. The town is built on the traditional territories of the Pokanoket Wampanoag. It is a deep water seaport named after Bristol, England. The population of B ...

in 1801 and arrived in the Pacific Northwest in 1802. In early 1803 the ''Juno'', with the trading ship ''Mary'', unsuccessfully attempted to rescue the two survivors of the ''

Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...

'', who had been enslaved to Chief

Maquinna Maquinna (also transliterated Muquinna, Macuina, Maquilla) was the chief of the Nuu-chah-nulth people of Nootka Sound, during the heyday of the maritime fur trade in the 1780s and 1790s on the Pacific Northwest Coast. The name means "possessor ...

of Nootka Sound. One of them,

John R. Jewitt John Rodgers Jewitt (21 May 1783 – 7 January 1821) was an English armourer who entered the historical record with his memoirs about the 28 months he spent as a captive of Maquinna of the Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) people on what is now the British ...

, became famous for publishing an account of his experience as a slave. He and the other survivors, John Thompson, were rescued in 1805 by

Samuel Hill Samuel Hill (13 May 1857 – 26 February 1931), usually known as Sam Hill, was an American businessman, lawyer, railroad executive, and advocate of good roads. He substantially influenced the Pacific Northwest region's economic dev ...

, captain of the ''

Lydia Lydia (Lydian language, Lydian: ‎𐤮𐤱𐤠𐤭𐤣𐤠, ''Śfarda''; Aramaic: ''Lydia''; el, Λυδία, ''Lȳdíā''; tr, Lidya) was an Iron Age Monarchy, kingdom of western Asia Minor located generally east of ancient Ionia in the mod ...

''. After acquiring a cargo of furs the ''Juno'' sailed to Canton, China, and then back to New England, arriving in May, 1804. Details of the voyage are not well known. John Kendrick Jr. may have been in command during the return trip.

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kendrick, John, Jr. 1772 births 18th-century explorers 19th-century explorers American explorers American explorers of the Pacific American fur traders Explorers of British Columbia Explorers of Oregon Explorers of Washington (state) History of the Pacific Northwest History of Vancouver Island Sea captains Spanish history in the Pacific Northwest Spanish naval officers Year of death missing

See also

Notes