John Kelly LL.D. (1750 – 12 November 1809) was a Manx scholar, translator and clergyman.

Early life and education

Kelly was born at Douglas, Isle of Man, the only son of wine cooper and farmer William Kelly and his wife Alice Kewley. He was educated by Reverend Philip Moore in the Douglas Grammar School and later at

St John's College, Cambridge St John's College is a Colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge founded by the House of Tudor, Tudor matriarch Lady Margaret Beaufort. In constitutional terms, the college is a charitable corpo ...

, where he took his LL.D degree in 1799. He was ordained in 1776 and married Louisa Dolland in 1784.

Translation of the Bible

While still a teenager, Kelly worked with his former teacher Moore in the venture with other Manx scholars and clergymen to translate the Bible into Manx. Kelly contributed with a revision of the books of the

Old Testament The Old Testament (often abbreviated OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew writings by the Israelites. The ...

, and also the transcription, and supervision of the printing of both Testaments at

Whitehaven Whitehaven is a town and port on the English north west coast and near to the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. Historically in Cumberland, it lies by road south-west of Carlisle and to the north of Barrow-in-Furness. It is th ...

. The Bible had been divided into different volumes to make printing and transport easier. The manuscript translation of the Old Testament from Deuteronomy to Job was nearly destroyed when the boat that Kelly was travelling on from Douglas to Whitehaven, struck rocks and became shipwrecked. Kelly only managed to save the manuscript by holding it for five hours above the waves, before being rescued. The translation and publication of the Bible in Manx helped to fix Manx orthography and spelling.

Manx grammar and dictionary

While working on the translation of the Bible, Kelly began his work on developing a grammar for the Manx language as he found that he had nothing to aid him in his translation "except for the four Gospels". This culminated in his ''A Practical Grammar of the Ancient Gaelic or Language of the Isle of Man, usually called Manks'' published in 1804. Kelly's major life's work was ''A Triglot Dictionary of the Celtic Language, as spoken in Man, Scotland, and Ireland, together with the English''. During Kelly's life, the publication of this vocabulary was interrupted by a fire that destroyed the printed volumes, and part of the manuscript; it was eventually prepared and amended for an 1866 edition from the surviving two manuscripts by the

Manx Society The Manx Society for the Publication of National Documents, or simply the Manx Society, was a text publication society founded in February 1858 with the objective of publishing reprints of historical documents relating to the Isle of Man, its peopl ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kelly, John 1750 births 1809 deaths Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge Manx writers Bible translators People from Douglas, Isle of Man 18th-century translators 18th-century Manx people 19th-century Manx people