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John Jeffries (5 February 1744 – 16 September 1819 using Old Style Dating, 5 February 1745 – 16 September 1819 using New Style) was an American physician, scientist, and military surgeon with the British Army in Nova Scotia and
Born in Boston, Jeffries graduated from Harvard College Jeffries Air-Mail Letter Collection
. He fled to Halifax, Nova Scotia in 1776 and later to England 1779, and was employed by the Crown during this time. In 1785, Jeffries and Jean-Pierre Blanchard crossed the English Channel in a balloon, becoming the first human beings to cross the Channel by air. Jeffries lived in England from 1779 to 1790. Despite being named in the Massachusetts Banishment Act, he returned to private practice in Boston, staying there until his death in 1819. His son John Jeffries II (1796–1876) was an ophthalmic surgeon and co-founded the
John Jeffries Papers
at Houghton Library, Harvard University
John Jeffries Air-Mail Letter Collection
from the Amherst College Archives & Special Collections {{DEFAULTSORT:Jeffries, John British Army regimental surgeons British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War 18th-century American physicians American balloonists American meteorologists American Loyalists from Massachusetts Alumni of the University of Aberdeen Harvard College alumni 1745 births 1819 deaths Burials at Granary Burying Ground 18th-century British medical doctors People from Boston
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during the American Revolution. He is best known for accompanying French inventor Jean-Pierre Blanchard on his 1785 balloon flight across the English Channel.
Biography
Born in Boston, Jeffries graduated from Harvard College lass of 1763
Lass may refer to:
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and obtained his medical degree at the University of Aberdeen. Dr. Jeffries played a role in the trial for the Boston Massacre as a witness for the defense. He was the surgeon for Patrick Carr, who was one of the Americans shot during that incident.
Between 1771 through 1774 Jeffries was a surgeon on board a squadron of British ships in Boston Harbor and helped the wounded British soldiers on 17 June 1775 at the Battle of Bunker Hill
The Battle of Bunker Hill was fought on June 17, 1775, during the Siege of Boston in the first stage of the American Revolutionary War. The battle is named after Bunker Hill in Charlestown, Massachusetts, which was peripherally involved in ...
.
Jeffries is credited with being among America's first weather observers. He began taking daily weather measurements in 1774 in Boston, as well as taking weather observations in a balloon over London in 1784. National Weatherperson's Day
National Weatherperson's Day, also known as National Weatherman's Day, is observed on February 5 primarily in the United States. It recognizes individuals in the fields of meteorology, weather forecasting and broadcast meteorology, as well as volu ...
is celebrated in his honor on 5 February, his birthday. The Archives and Special Collections at Amherst College
Amherst College ( ) is a private liberal arts college in Amherst, Massachusetts. Founded in 1821 as an attempt to relocate Williams College by its then-president Zephaniah Swift Moore, Amherst is the third oldest institution of higher educatio ...
holds a collection of his papers, including a letter he dropped from the balloon during his historic flight, considered the oldest piece of airmail in existence.. He fled to Halifax, Nova Scotia in 1776 and later to England 1779, and was employed by the Crown during this time. In 1785, Jeffries and Jean-Pierre Blanchard crossed the English Channel in a balloon, becoming the first human beings to cross the Channel by air. Jeffries lived in England from 1779 to 1790. Despite being named in the Massachusetts Banishment Act, he returned to private practice in Boston, staying there until his death in 1819. His son John Jeffries II (1796–1876) was an ophthalmic surgeon and co-founded the
Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary
Massachusetts Eye and Ear (Mass. Eye and Ear, or MEE) is a specialty hospital located in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, which focuses on ophthalmology (eye), otolaryngology (ear/nose/throat), and related medicine and research. Founded in 1 ...
.
Notes
References
*External links
John Jeffries Papers
at Houghton Library, Harvard University
John Jeffries Air-Mail Letter Collection
from the Amherst College Archives & Special Collections {{DEFAULTSORT:Jeffries, John British Army regimental surgeons British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War 18th-century American physicians American balloonists American meteorologists American Loyalists from Massachusetts Alumni of the University of Aberdeen Harvard College alumni 1745 births 1819 deaths Burials at Granary Burying Ground 18th-century British medical doctors People from Boston