John Greystoke, 4th Baron Greystoke (''c.'' 1390–1436), son and heir of
Ralph Greystoke, 3rd Baron Greystoke, was a member of the northern English
nobility
Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy (class), aristocracy. It is normally ranked immediately below Royal family, royalty. Nobility has often been an Estates of the realm, estate of the realm with many e ...
in the early fifteenth century.
Royal service
Born ''c.'' 1390, on his father's death and his elevation to the title, Greystoke "soon became enmeshed in
border
Borders are usually defined as geographical boundaries, imposed either by features such as oceans and terrain, or by political entities such as governments, sovereign states, federated states, and other subnational entities. Political borders c ...
politics and Anglo-Scottish negotiations." He was appointed constable of
Roxburgh Castle
Roxburgh Castle is a ruined royal castle that overlooks the junction of the rivers Tweed and Teviot, in the Borders region of Scotland. The town and castle developed into the royal burgh of Roxburgh, which the Scots destroyed along with the ca ...
in 1421, being paid £1,000 ''p.a.'' during time of truce and double that in time of war, for a four-year contract, when he was replaced by Sir
Robert Ogle. Twice, in 1424, and again six years later, he was a member of ambassadorial expeditions to treat with the
Scots.
The first of these discussions resulted in a truce with Scotland in March. Indeed, this embassy also took the role of providing an escort back to Scotland for the newly married
James I James I may refer to:
People
*James I of Aragon (1208–1276)
*James I of Sicily or James II of Aragon (1267–1327)
*James I, Count of La Marche (1319–1362), Count of Ponthieu
*James I, Count of Urgell (1321–1347)
*James I of Cyprus (1334–13 ...
who had recently married
the king's cousin
Joan Joan may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Joan (given name), including a list of women, men and fictional characters
*:Joan of Arc, a French military heroine
* Joan (surname)
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. The second resulted in a further- tenuous- extension to the truce, a not insignificant achieving in view, as one historian has put it, of the fact that Greystoke and his fellow negotiators
ran the gauntlet "whilst on Scottish soil."
Service to the crown was not however confined to the border; in 1430-1 he acted, at the behest of the royal council, as a royal commissioner to collect loans amounting to £400 to assist in the prosecution of the
French wars. He acted as an adjudicator in local gentry quarrels, alongside peers such as the
earl of Northumberland.
Wealth and regional influence
In the
Income Tax
An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) in respect of the income or profits earned by them (commonly called taxable income). Income tax generally is computed as the product of a tax rate times the taxable income. Tax ...
of 1436, he was assessed at an income of £650 ''p.a'', and although never belonging to the higher echelons of the northern nobility, his family has been described as being regionally "a force to be reckoned with,"
in a relatively compact area that "jostled" with such landowning families. Although traditionally the Greystoke family had been
retained
In the United Kingdom and Ireland, a retained firefighter, also known as an RDS Firefighter or on-call firefighter, is a firefighter who does not work on a fire station full-time but is paid to spend long periods of time On call shift, on call to ...
by the
Percies, Earls of Northumberland, by the 1430s John had come within the sphere of
Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury
Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1400 – 31 December 1460) was an English nobleman and magnate based in northern England who became a key supporter of the House of York during the early years of the Wars of the Roses. He was the ...
.
[Harriss, G.L., ''Shaping the Nation: England 1360–1461'', Oxford 2005, p. 535]
He was known for his piety, bequeathing valuable items to his father's
clerical college, including
vestments
Vestments are liturgical garments and articles associated primarily with the Christian religion, especially by Eastern Churches, Catholics (of all rites), Anglicans, and Lutherans. Many other groups also make use of liturgical garments; this w ...
, ornaments, "and
lead
Lead is a chemical element with the symbol Pb (from the Latin ) and atomic number 82. It is a heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and also has a relatively low melting point. When freshly cu ...
to repair the choir."
Personal life
Greystoke was married to Elizabeth Ferrers, though the date of their union is unknown. She was born in 1393, a daughter of
Joan Beaufort, a cousin of the king, by her first marriage to Sir
Robert Ferrers.
They had a son,
Ralph, who later succeeded to the
barony Barony may refer to:
* Barony, the peerage, office of, or territory held by a baron
* Barony, the title and land held in fealty by a feudal baron
* Barony (county division), a type of administrative or geographical division in parts of the British ...
. He dictated his will on 10 July 1436; dead less than a month later, he was buried, according to his wish, in
Greystoke church.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Greystoke, John de, 4th Baron Greystoke
1436 deaths
People from Cumberland
15th-century English people
John
Year of birth uncertain
Barons Greystoke