Baron Neville or Nevill was a title of nobility in England, relating to and held by the

Neville family The Neville or Nevill family (originally FitzMaldred) is a nobility, noble house of early medieval origin, which was a leading force in Kingdom of England, English politics in the later Middle Ages. The family became one of the two major powers in ...

, a noble house in

northern England Northern England, also known as the North of England, the North Country, or simply the North, is the northern area of England. It broadly corresponds to the former borders of Angle Northumbria, the Anglo-Scandinavian Kingdom of Jorvik, and the ...

. The Nevilles had their

family seat A family seat or sometimes just called seat is the principal residence of the landed gentry and aristocracy. The residence usually denotes the social, economic, political, or historic connection of the family within a given area. Some families to ...

at the manor of Raby (turned into

Raby Castle Raby Castle () is a medieval castle located near Staindrop in County Durham, England, among of deer park. It was built by John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby, between approximately 1367 and 1390. Cecily Neville, the mother of the Kings Ed ...

in the 14th century) in

County Durham County Durham ( ), officially simply Durham,UK General Acts 1997 c. 23Lieutenancies Act 1997 Schedule 1(3). From legislation.gov.uk, retrieved 6 April 2022. is a ceremonial county in North East England.North East Assembly �About North East E ...

, and so were called barons "Neville of Raby". The title was first held as a barony by tenure (the Nevilles being

feudal baron A feudal baron is a vassal holding a heritable fief called a ''barony'', comprising a specific portion of land, granted by an overlord in return for allegiance and service. Following the end of European feudalism, feudal baronies have largely been ...

s of Raby), and was afterwards created twice (in 1295 and 1459) by

writ of summons A writ of summons is a formal document issued by the monarch that enables someone to sit in a Parliament under the United Kingdom's Westminster system. At the beginning of each new Parliament, each person who has established their right to attend ...

parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...

. The Neville barony of Raby came to existence in the 13th century, by the marriage of Robert fitz Meldred, lord of Raby, to Isabel de Neville, the heiress of a family of

Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France in the 10th and 11th centuries ** People or things connected with the Norm ...

origin. Their son, Geoffrey fitz Robert, adopted his mother's surname 'Neville' and inherited from his father the feudal barony of Raby, becoming the first "Baron Neville of Raby". The barony by writ was created when Geoffrey de Neville's great-grandson, Ranulph, the third baron, was summoned to parliament on 24 June 1295, whereby he is held to have become 'Lord Neville' (of Raby). It was created once again, on 20 November 1459, for John Neville, a younger scion of the family (he did not own Raby castle and so was simply called "Lord Neville"). His son

Ralph Ralph (pronounced ; or ,) is a male given name of English, Scottish and Irish origin, derived from the Old English ''Rædwulf'' and Radulf, cognate with the Old Norse ''Raðulfr'' (''rað'' "counsel" and ''ulfr'' "wolf"). The most common forms ...

later inherited the

earldom of Westmorland Earl of Westmorland is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England. The title was first created in 1397 for Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland, Ralph Neville. It was forfeited in 1571 by Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorl ...

together with the two previous creations of the barony. The titles remained merged until the

attainder In English criminal law, attainder or attinctura was the metaphorical "stain" or "corruption of blood" which arose from being condemned for a serious capital crime (felony or treason). It entailed losing not only one's life, property and hereditar ...

Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland (18 August 154216 November 1601) was an English nobleman and one of the leaders of the Rising of the North in 1569. He was the son of Henry Neville, 5th Earl of Westmorland and Lady Anne Manners, second d ...

, in 1571, wherein the barony of Neville became extinct.

Feudal barons of Raby (barony by tenure)

* Geoffrey de Neville, 1st Baron Neville of Raby (d.c. 1242) * Robert de Neville, 2nd Baron Neville (d. 1282), son of preceding * Ranulph Neville, 3rd Baron Neville (1262–1331), grandson of preceding – created Baron Neville by

to parliament ''For further succession, see below''

Barons Neville of Raby (1295)

* Ranulph Neville, 1st (or 3rd) Baron Neville (1262–1331) – 3rd baron by tenure, 1st baron by writ * Ralph Neville, 2nd (or 4th) Baron Neville (c. 1291–1367), son of preceding * John Neville, 3rd (or 5th) Baron Neville (c. 1330–1388), son of preceding * Ralph Neville, 4th (or 6th) Baron Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland (c. 1364–1425), son of preceding ''For further succession, see

Earl of Westmorland Earl of Westmorland is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England. The title was first created in 1397 for Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland, Ralph Neville. It was forfeited in 1571 by Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorl ...

Barons Neville (1459)

John Neville, Baron Neville John Neville, Baron Neville (c. 1410 – 29 March 1461) was an English nobleman who fought for the House of Lancaster during the Wars of the Roses. He belonged to a senior but impoverished branch of the Neville family of northern England, which ...

(c. 1410–1461) – attainted on 4 November 1461 * Ralph Neville, Baron Neville, 3rd Earl of Westmorland (c. 1456–1499), son of preceding – attainder reversed on 6 October 1472 ''For further succession, see

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Neville, Baron 1295 establishments in England Baronies in the Peerage of England Extinct baronies in the Peerage of England Neville family Noble titles created in 1295 Noble titles created in 1459 Forfeited baronies in the Peerage of England Baronies by writ

Feudal barons of Raby (barony by tenure)

Barons Neville of Raby (1295)

Barons Neville (1459)

See also

References