John Andree, junior ( fl. 1790), was an English surgeon.

Life

Andree was born about 1740, the son of Dr. John Andree, senior, to whom one of his books is dedicated. He was apprenticed to Mr. Grindall, senior surgeon to the

London Hospital The Royal London Hospital is a large teaching hospital in Whitechapel in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is part of Barts Health NHS Trust. It provides district general hospital services for the City of London and Tower Hamlets and sp ...

, and in 1766 he appears as a lecturer on anatomy in London, and surgeon to the Magdalen Hospital, and practising in Carey Street,

Chancery Lane Chancery Lane is a one-way street situated in the ward of Farringdon Without in the City of London. It has formed the western boundary of the City since 1994, having previously been divided between the City of Westminster and the London Boro ...

. In 1780 he was a candidate for the surgeoncy to the London Hospital, but was defeated by

William Blizard Sir William Blizard FRS FRSE PRCS FSA (1 March 1743 – 27 August 1835) was an English surgeon. Life He was born in Barn Elms, Surrey, the fourth child of auctioneer William Blizard. After an apprenticeship to a surgeon and apothecary in Mortl ...

. In 1781 he became surgeon to the

Finsbury Dispensary The Finsbury Dispensary, more fully the Finsbury Dispensary for Administering Advice and Medicines to the Poor, was a charitable dispensary giving medical treatment to poor people in Finsbury, on the edge of the City of London. It was founded i ...

, and in 1784 to St. Clement Danes workhouse. About the year 1798 he took the degree of M.D., though it does not appear in what university, and afterwards practised for some years in Hertford, but afterwards returned to London. He died some time after 1819.

Surgical innovator

Andree published several books, chiefly on surgical subjects. Through not being connected with a large hospital, he never took a leading position as a surgeon in London, but he performed one operation of historical importance. This was a successful operation of

tracheotomy Tracheotomy (, ), or tracheostomy, is a surgical airway management procedure which consists of making an incision (cut) on the anterior aspect (front) of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea (windpipe). The r ...

for the relief of croup of the larynx in February 1782, which, if not the first on record, since priority is claimed for an operation by Martin in 1730, was the first to attract attention. The patient was a five-year-old boy, who completely recovered. The case is described by Andree himself in a letter to Sir

Astley Cooper Sir Astley Paston Cooper, 1st Baronet (23 August 176812 February 1841) was a British surgeon and anatomist, who made contributions to otology, vascular surgery, the anatomy and pathology of the mammary glands and testicles, and the patholog ...

, published in the appendix to a paper on ‘Cynanche Laryngea’ by Dr.

John Richard Farre John Richard Farre (31 January 1775 – 7 May 1862) was an English physician. Early life The son of Richard John Farre, a medical practitioner, he was born on 31 January 1775 in Barbados. After school education in the island he studied medicin ...

(Med.-Chir. Transactions, 1812, iii. 335), but had been previously related in 1786 in an

inaugural dissertation A doctorate (from Latin ''docere'', "to teach"), doctor's degree (from Latin ''doctor'', "teacher"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism ''li ...

by Dr. T. White, published at Leyden in that year. The same operation was done in 1812 by Sir Astley Cooper himself, and afterwards became celebrated in the hands of Bretonneau and Trousseau. In Andree's operation the annular cartilages were not divided, but only two punctures made in the membrane between them. No tube was introduced.

Works

*''On a Case of Suppression of Urine, Medical Observations and Enquiries,'' vol. V, 1776 *''Essay on Gonorrhœa,'' London, 1777 *''Observations on the Venereal Disease,'' London, 1779 *''Account of an Elastic Trochar, Constructed on a New Principle, for Tapping the Hydrocele, or Watery Rupture,'' London, 1781 *''Considerations on Bilious Diseases,'' Hertford, 1788
second edition, London, 1790
*''Cases and Observations n Surgery'' London, 1799

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Andree, John English surgeons 18th-century English medical doctors British medical writers 18th-century English writers 18th-century English male writers Year of birth missing Year of death missing