Johannes van Horne, Joannis van Horne (surname Latinized as Hornius, 2 September 1621 – 5 January 1670) was a Dutch anatomist best known for his illustrated atlas of

myology Myology is the study of the muscular system, including the study of the structure, function and diseases of muscle. The muscular system consists of skeletal muscle, which contracts to move or position parts of the body (e.g., the bones that articula ...

. He was a professor of anatomy and surgery at Leiden University where his students included

Nicolaus Steno Niels Steensen ( da, Niels Steensen; Latinized to ''Nicolaus Steno'' or ''Nicolaus Stenonius''; 1 January 1638 – 25 November 1686Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

in a Flemish merchant family. His father Jacob was a director of the

Dutch East India Company The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock ...

. Educated at the University of Leiden he shifted from literature to medicine and may have assisted Johannes de Wale. He then went to study medicine at

Utrecht Utrecht ( , , ) is the List of cities in the Netherlands by province, fourth-largest city and a List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of the Netherlands, capital and most populous city of the Provinces of the Netherlands, pro ...

under Willem van der Straaten. He then travelled around Europe, attending

Johann Vesling Johann Vesling (Latin: Veslingius) (1598 – 30 August 1649) was a German anatomist and botanist from Minden, Westphalia. He published a major illustrated work on human anatomy ''Syntagma Anatomicum'' (1641). Life and work Vesling was born in ...

's classes at Padua,

Marco Aurelio Severino Marco Aurelio Severino (November, 1580 – July 12, 1656) was an Italian surgeon and anatomist. Biography Severino was born in Tarsia (Calabria, Italy), of Giovanni Jacopo Severino, a lawyer. He died of plague in 1656 in Naples. Adept of the ...

at Naples, and visiting

Montpellier Montpellier (, , ; oc, Montpelhièr ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the Departments of ...

and England. He received an honorary degree from the

University of Basel The University of Basel (Latin: ''Universitas Basiliensis'', German: ''Universität Basel'') is a university in Basel, Switzerland. Founded on 4 April 1460, it is Switzerland's oldest university and among the world's oldest surviving universit ...

. After returning home, he became a demonstrator of anatomy at

Leiden University Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; nl, Universiteit Leiden) is a Public university, public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. The university was founded as a Protestant university in 1575 by William the Silent, William, Prince o ...

and became an extraordinary professor of anatomy in 1651. He was made full professor at Leiden University in 1652 when he succeeded

Otto Heurnius Otto Heurnius (born Otto van Heurn; 8 September 1577 – 14 July 1652) was a Dutch physician, theologian and philosopher. Life He studied at Leiden University. He subsequently succeeded his father Johannes Heurnius as professor of medicine at Le ...

. The next year he became professor of anatomy and surgery. His notable students included Nicolaus Steno,

Frederik Ruysch Frederik Ruysch (; March 28, 1638 – February 22, 1731) was a Dutch botany, botanist and anatomy, anatomist. He is known for developing techniques for preserving anatomical specimens, which he used to create dioramas or scenes incorporating hum ...

, and

Jan Swammerdam Jan Swammerdam (February 12, 1637 – February 17, 1680) was a Dutch biologist and microscopist. His work on insects demonstrated that the various phases during the life of an insect—egg, larva, pupa, and adult—are different forms of the ...

. Van Horne developed fine anatomical preparation techniques and began to describe human musculature in detail, making use of the painter Marten Sagemolen. He associated with Louis de Bils and came up with incorrect ideas on the digestive tract leading later to a polemic exchange. He published several books on surgery but his work on an atlas of myology, known only from a manuscript of which is in France is considered particularly influential. This was considered lost until it was rediscovered in 2016. The work helped establish the role of careful artistic illustration in anatomical books and instruction, particularly through the influence of students such as Steno. File:Myologie de l'homme 1.jpg, Muscles of the trunk File:Myologie de l'homme 2.jpg, Muscles of the leg

References

External links

Opuscula anatomico-chirurgica
(1707)
Mikrokosmos seu brevis manuductio ad historiam corporis humani
(1662)
Mikrotechne, seu methodica ad chirurgiam introductio
(1668)
Novus ductus chyliferus
(1652) * Myologie de l'homme (Manuscripts)
Volume 1Volume 2Volume 3Volume 4
(Atlas of Myology, 1660 MS
DescriptionNote on its discovery
{{DEFAULTSORT:Van Horne, Johannes 1621 births 1670 deaths Dutch anatomists