Johan Wilhelm Dalman (November 4, 1787 in

Hinseberg Hinseberg Manor ( sv, Hinsebergs herrgård) is a women's prison as of today but has formerly served as a residence for several Bourgeoisie, bourgeois and noble families. The property is located next to lake Väringen in Frövi, Sweden. The manor th ...

Västmanland Västmanland ( or ), is a historical Swedish province, or ''landskap'', in middle Sweden. It borders Södermanland, Närke, Värmland, Dalarna and Uppland. Västmanland means "(The) Land of the Western Men", where the "western men" (''västerm ...

– July 11, 1828 in

Stockholm Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...

) was a

Swedish Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...

physician A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...

and a naturalist. He first studied at

Christiansfeld Christiansfeld, with a population of 2,977 (1 January 2022), is a town in Kolding Municipality in Southern Jutland in Region of Southern Denmark. The town was founded in 1773 by the Moravian Church and named after the Danish king Christian VII. ...

Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein (; da, Slesvig-Holsten; nds, Sleswig-Holsteen; frr, Slaswik-Holstiinj) is the northernmost of the 16 states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Sch ...

then at the

University of Lund , motto = Ad utrumque , mottoeng = Prepared for both , established = , type = Public research university , budget = SEK 9 billion University of Uppsala Uppsala University ( sv, Uppsala universitet) is a public research university in Uppsala, Sweden. Founded in 1477, it is the oldest university in Sweden and the Nordic countries still in operation. The university rose to significance during ...

. He was mainly interested in

entomology Entomology () is the science, scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such ...

and

botany Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek w ...

. He received his degree in 1816 then his doctorate in 1817 from the University of Uppsala. Dalman became librarian of the

Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ( sv, Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien) is one of the Swedish Royal Academies, royal academies of Sweden. Founded on 2 June 1739, it is an independent, non-governmental scientific organization that takes special ...

, a member of the Academy in 1821, then director of the zoological garden, then demonstrator in botany at the

Karolinska Institutet The Karolinska Institute (KI; sv, Karolinska Institutet; sometimes known as the (Royal) Caroline Institute in English) is a research-led medical university in Solna within the Stockholm urban area of Sweden. The Karolinska Institute is consiste ...

of Stockholm. Dalman's main interest lay in entomology and botany, but he also became involved in the systematics and taxonomy of

trilobites Trilobites (; meaning "three lobes") are extinct marine arthropods that form the class Trilobita. Trilobites form one of the earliest-known groups of arthropods. The first appearance of trilobites in the fossil record defines the base of the At ...

. In 1771

Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch (29 August 1725 – 1 December 1778) was a German theologian, linguist, and naturalist from Jena. Life The son of the theologian Johann Georg Walch, he studied Semitic languages at the University of Jena, and also natu ...

(1725-1778) first used the term trilobite. Researchers had tried to link trilobites to extant groups such as

chitons Chitons () are marine molluscs of varying size in the class Polyplacophora (), formerly known as Amphineura. About 940 extant and 430 fossil species are recognized. They are also sometimes known as gumboots or sea cradles or coat-of-mail shel ...

and various arthropods. Before Walch’s work this had led to great confusion. By 1820 the term “trilobite” was widely used, except by Dalman who suggested the term “palaeades”. Dalman had drawn attention to the weakly defined axial furrows in the

Ordovician The Ordovician ( ) is a geologic period and System (geology), system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era (geology), Era. The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period million years ago (Mya) to the start ...

trilobite '' Nileus''. The trilobite genus ''

Dalmanites ''Dalmanites'' is a genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida. They lived from the Late Ordovician to Middle Devonian. The trilobites of this genus have slightly convex exoskeletons with an average length of . The cephalon is semicircular or pa ...

'' in the order

Phacopida Phacopida ("lens-face") is an order of trilobites that lived from the Late Cambrian to the Late Devonian. It is made up of a morphologically diverse assemblage of taxa in three related suborders. Characteristics Phacopida had 8 to 19 thorac ...

was named in his honour. ''Dalmanites'' was widespread during the

and

Silurian The Silurian ( ) is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, Mya. The Silurian is the shortest period of the Paleozo ...

. He was the author of ''De narcoticis observations'' (1816), ''Förteckning paa Skrifter i medicinska vetenskaperna, samt i kemi och Naturalhistorie, utgifne i Sverige åren 1817, 1818 and 1819'' (1820), ''Om Palaeaderna, eller de så kallade Trilobiterna'' (1827) and very many works on entomology. Entomology 1821-1825 *1818, Några nya Genera och Species af Insecter beskrifna. ''Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar'' 39:69-89 *Försök till Uppställning af Insect-familjen Pteromalini, i synnerhet med afseen de på de i Sverige funne Arter. ''Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar'' 41(1):123-174, 177-182, tab VII-VIII *1820, Försök till Uppställning af Insect-familjen Pteromalini, i synnerhet med afseen de på de i Sverige funne Arter. (Fortsättning) ''Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar'' 41(2):340-385 *1822, Fortsättning af Svenska Pteromalinernes beskrifning. ''Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar'' 43:394-403 *1823, ''Analeceta Entomologica'' :viii+108pp, 4 pls Stockholm *1825, Om några Svenska arter af Coccus, samt de inuti dem förekommande parasit Insekter. ''Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar'' 46:350-374

References

*Evenhuis, N. L., 1997 ''Litteratura taxonomica dipterorum'' (1758-1930). Volume 1 (A-K); Volume 2 (L-Z). 1; 2 Leiden, Backhuys Publishers, VII+1-426; 427-871.189-190 Portrait *Hummel, 1829 alman, J. W.''Kongl. Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar. För År ...'', Stockholm 1829:224, 231 *Musgrave, A., 1932 ''Bibliography of Australian Entomology'' 1775 - 1930. Sydney {{DEFAULTSORT:Dalman, Johann Wilhelm Swedish entomologists Swedish lepidopterists 19th-century Swedish physicians Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Karolinska Institute faculty 1787 births 1828 deaths