Johann Nepomuk Fischer (29 May 1777,

Rumburk Rumburk (; german: Rumburg) is a town in Děčín District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 11,000 inhabitants. It lies on the border with Germany. Administrative parts Rumburk is made up of town parts of Rumburk ...

– 17 October 1847, Prague) was an Austrian

ophthalmologist Ophthalmology ( ) is a surgery, surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. Followin ...

. He is considered to be the founder of modern ophthalmology in

Bohemia Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohem ...

. He studied medicine at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich histor ...

as a student of

Georg Joseph Beer Georg Joseph Beer (23 December 1763 – 11 April 1821) was an Austrian ophthalmologist. He is credited with introducing a flap operation for treatment of cataracts (Beer's operation), as well as popularizing the instrument used to perform the su ...

. In 1806 he received his doctorate in medicine, and several years later, was named head of the newly founded eye clinic in Prague (1814). In 1830 he attained the chair of ophthalmology at the University of Prague. Among his better known students was

Carl Ferdinand von Arlt Carl Ferdinand Ritter von Arlt (April 18, 1812 – March 7, 1887) was an Austrian ophthalmologist born in Ober-Graupen, a village near Teplitz (Teplice) in Bohemia. He earned his doctorate in Prague in 1839, and later became a professor of opht ...

Selected works

* ''Klinischer Unterricht in der Augenheilkunde'', 1832 – Clinical teaching in ophthalmology. * ''Die Krankheiten der durchsichtigen Hornhaut in systematischer Ordnung'', 1833 – Diseases of the transparent

cornea The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Along with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power ...

in systematic order. * ''Abbildungen des Thraenenschlauches und einer merkwürdigen Metamorphose der Regenbogenhaut'', 1836 – Pictures of the

lacrimal apparatus The lacrimal apparatus is the physiological system containing the Orbit (anatomy), orbital structures for tears, tear production and drainage.Cassin, B. and Solomon, S. ''Dictionary of Eye Terminology''. Gainesville, Florida: Triad Publishing Com ...

and a strange metamorphosis of the

iris Iris most often refers to: *Iris (anatomy), part of the eye *Iris (mythology), a Greek goddess * ''Iris'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants *Iris (color), an ambiguous color term Iris or IRIS may also refer to: Arts and media Fictional enti ...

. * ''Lehrbuch der gesammten Entzündungen und organischen Krankheiten des menschichen Auges, seiner Schutz- und Hilfsorgane'', 1846 – Textbook of inflammation and organic diseases of the human eye.Most widely held works by Johann Nepomuk Fischer
WorldCat Identities

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fischer, Johann Nepomuk 1777 births 1847 deaths University of Vienna alumni Academic staff of Charles University People from Rumburk Austrian ophthalmologists German Bohemian people Austrian people of German Bohemian descent