Johann Michael Altenburg
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Michael Altenburg (27 May 1584 – 12 February 1640) was a German theologian and composer. Altenburg was born at Alach, near
Erfurt Erfurt () is the capital and largest city in the Central German state of Thuringia. It is located in the wide valley of the Gera river (progression: ), in the southern part of the Thuringian Basin, north of the Thuringian Forest. It sits i ...
. He began attending school in Erfurt in 1590; he began studying
theology Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the ...
at the
University of Erfurt The University of Erfurt (german: Universität Erfurt) is a public university located in Erfurt, the capital city of the German state of Thuringia. It was founded in 1379, and closed in 1816. It was re-established in 1994, three years after Germ ...
in 1598, and was awarded a bachelor's degree in 1599 and a master's in 1603. From 1600 he taught at the ''Reglerschule'' in Erfurt; he was Kantor at St. Andreas from 1601 and
rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...
of the school at St. Andreas in Erfurt from 1607. In 1609 he quit teaching to become a
pastor A pastor (abbreviated as "Pr" or "Ptr" , or "Ps" ) is the leader of a Christian congregation who also gives advice and counsel to people from the community or congregation. In Lutheranism, Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy and ...
, moving to
Tröchtelborn Tröchtelborn is a Municipalities of Germany, municipality in the Gotha (district), district of Gotha, in Thuringia, Germany. References

Gotha (district) {{Gotha-geo-stub ...
and preaching there until 1621. During this period Altenburg published music, and was compared to
Orlando di Lasso Orlande de Lassus ( various other names; probably – 14 June 1594) was a composer of the late Renaissance. The chief representative of the mature polyphonic style in the Franco-Flemish school, Lassus stands with Giovanni Pierluigi da Palest ...
. After 1621 he moved to
Sömmerda Sömmerda is a town near Erfurt in Thuringia, Germany, on the Unstrut river. It is the capital of the Sömmerda (district), district of Sömmerda. History Archeological digs in the area that is now Sömmerda, formerly Leubingen, have uncovered ...
, working at the ''Bonifaciuskirche''. While he continued to publish and was respected for his compositions, the
Thirty Years War The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an es ...
sapped his efforts. In 1636 a massive
plague Plague or The Plague may refer to: Agriculture, fauna, and medicine *Plague (disease), a disease caused by ''Yersinia pestis'' * An epidemic of infectious disease (medical or agricultural) * A pandemic caused by such a disease * A swarm of pes ...
wiped out most of his
congregation A congregation is a large gathering of people, often for the purpose of worship. Congregation may also refer to: *Church (congregation), a Christian organization meeting in a particular place for worship *Congregation (Roman Curia), an administra ...
, and his wife and ten of his children died before himself. He returned to Erfurt in 1637, where he remained as
deacon A deacon is a member of the diaconate, an office in Christian churches that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions. Major Christian churches, such as the Catholic Churc ...
and, from 1638,
minister Minister may refer to: * Minister (Christianity), a Christian cleric ** Minister (Catholic Church) * Minister (government), a member of government who heads a ministry (government department) ** Minister without portfolio, a member of government w ...
at St Andreas. Much of Altenburg's compositional output consists of vocal
concerto A concerto (; plural ''concertos'', or ''concerti'' from the Italian plural) is, from the late Baroque era, mostly understood as an instrumental composition, written for one or more soloists accompanied by an orchestra or other ensemble. The typi ...
s,
motet In Western classical music, a motet is mainly a vocal musical composition, of highly diverse form and style, from high medieval music to the present. The motet was one of the pre-eminent polyphonic forms of Renaissance music. According to Margar ...
s and
chorale Chorale is the name of several related musical forms originating in the music genre of the Lutheran chorale: * Hymn tune of a Lutheran hymn (e.g. the melody of "Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme"), or a tune in a similar format (e.g. one of the t ...
s.


Works, hymns, editions and recordings

Works *Passion after Isaiah ch. 53 for eight voices. Erfurt, 1608 *Marriage motet for eight voices. Erfurt, 1613 *''Gaudium Christianum.'' Jena, 1617 *''Musikalischer Schirm und Schild der Bürger etc. oder der 55. Psalm'' a 6. Erfurt, 1618 *''Cantiones de adventu.'' Erfurt, 1620 *''Erster Theil Newer Lieblicher vnd Zierlicher Intraden'' a 6. Erfurt, 1620 *''Christliche liebliche und andächtige neue Kirchen- und Haus-Gesänge'' a 5, 6, 8. 3 Vols. Erfurt, 1620–21 *''Cantiones de adventu'' a 5, 6, 8. Erfurt, 1621 *''Musikalische Weihnachts- und Neujahrs-Zierde'' for 4-9 voices. Erfurt, 1621 *''Musikalisches Festgefüge'' for 5 to 14 voices. Four vols, (only 3rd and 4th survive). Erfurt, 1623 Hymn melodies *''Aus Jacobs Stamm ein Stern sehr klar'' *''Herr Gott, nun schleuß den Himmel auf'' *''Herr Gott Vater, ich glaub an dich'' *''Jesu, du Gottes Lämmlein'' *''Verzage nicht, o Häuflein klein'' *''Was Gott tut das ist wohlgethan, kein einzig Mensch ihn tadeln kann.'' Editions * Intraden I-XVI, 2 Vols * Puer natus in Bethlehem, from 1621 collection. * Sechstimmige Advent- und Weihnachtsgesänge, * Vierstimmige Weihnachtsgesänge Recording * ''Gaudium Christianum'' (
Jena Jena () is a German city and the second largest city in Thuringia. Together with the nearby cities of Erfurt and Weimar, it forms the central metropolitan area of Thuringia with approximately 500,000 inhabitants, while the city itself has a popu ...
1617) - ''Festmusik zur Reformationsfeier'': Compositions: Das Lutherische Jubelgeschrey; Die Prophezeiung von Luthero; Das Lutherische Schloß oder Feste Burgk; Die Engelische Schlacht; Das Amen. Item Von Nun an bis in Ewigkeit; Das Amen Gott Vater und Sohne. With organ works by
Sweelinck Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck ( ; April or May, 1562 – 16 October 1621) was a Dutch composer, organist, and pedagogue whose work straddled the end of the Renaissance and beginning of the Baroque eras. He was among the first major keyboard com ...
and
Franz Tunder Franz Tunder (1614 – November 5, 1667) was a German composer and organist of the early to middle Baroque era. He was an important link between the early German Baroque style which was based on Venetian models, and the later Baroque style ...
and motets to the Feast of Saint Michael by
Samuel Scheidt Samuel Scheidt (baptised 3 November 1587 – 24 March 1654) was a German composer, organist and teacher of the early Baroque era. Life and career Scheidt was born in Halle, and after early studies there, he went to Amsterdam to study with ...
,
Heinrich Schütz Heinrich Schütz (; 6 November 1672) was a German early Baroque composer and organist, generally regarded as the most important German composer before Johann Sebastian Bach, as well as one of the most important composers of the 17th century. He ...
,
Melchior Franck Melchior Franck (c. 1579 – 1 June 1639) was a German composer of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras. He was a hugely prolific composer of Protestant church music, especially motets, and assisted in bringing the stylistic innovations ...
,
Demantius Johann Christoph Demantius (15 December 1567 – 20 April 1643) was a German composer, music theorist, writer and poet. He was an exact contemporary of Monteverdi, and represented a transitional phase in German Lutheran music from the polypho ...
, and
Johann Christoph Bach Johann Christoph Bach (baptised – 31 March 1703) was a German composer and organist of the Baroque period. He was born at Arnstadt, the son of Heinrich Bach, Johann Sebastian Bach's first cousin once removed and the first cousin of J.S. ...
. Simone Schwark, Johanna Krell, Raimund Fürst, Kammerchor
Bad Homburg Bad Homburg vor der Höhe () is the district town of the Hochtaunuskreis, Hesse, on the southern slope of the Taunus mountains. Bad Homburg is part of the Frankfurt Rhein-Main Regional Authority, Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area. The town's offic ...
, Johann Rosenmüller Ensemble, directed by Susanne Rohn. Christophorus. 2012


References


Further reading

*
Konrad Ameln Konrad Ameln (6 July 1899 – 1 September 1994) was a German hymnologist and musicologist, who wrote standard works about Protestant church music. Life Childhood, youth and academic years Born in Neuss, Ameln grew up in Kassel and attended th ...
, Michael Altenburg, in: Jahrbuch für Liturgik und Hymnologie 8, Stauda, Kassel 1963, 153–158. * Karl Ernst Bergunder, Michael Altenburg, in: New Grove Music Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Vol. 1 A-Aristotle, 2nd ed., Macmillan Publishers, Oxford 2001, 425–426. * Bießecker, Georg
Fünfstimmige Choralsätze des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts: die Sätze in den Notendrucken - ihre Verwendung und ihre Besonderheiten ; die Sätze und die Komponisten - ihre Merkmale
Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 2001, zugl. Diss, 20, 83–88, 105 f., 111f., 120, 122, 167–169, 182–184, 217, Notenbeispiele 43, 44, 64. Retrieved 22 July 2015. * Friedrich Blume, Die evangelische Kirchenmusik, Handbuch der Musikwissenschaft, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Athenaion, Potsdam 1931, 100, 120f., 125. * Friedrich Blume, Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart : allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Musik, Bd. 1: Aa – Bae, 1. Auflage, Bärenreiter u. a., Kassel u. a. 1951, Bildtafel 12. * Robert Eitner, Biographisch-bibliographisches Quellen-Lexikon der Musiker und Musikgelehrten christlicher Zeitrechnung bis Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Bd. 1, Akad. Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz 1960, 118–119. * Hans Engel, Musik in Thüringen, Bd. 39 Mitteldeutsche Forschung, Böhlau Verlag, Graz und Köln 1966, 1, 3, 16, 34, 44, 89, 184, 188, * A. Fischer, W. Tümpel, Das deutsche evangelische Kirchenlied des 17. Jahrhunderts, Band 2, Gütersloh 1905, 56–63. * Karl Goedeke, Grundriß zur Geschichte der deutschen Dichtung, Bd. 3, Vom Dreissigjährigen bis zum Siebenjährigen Kriege, Reprint der Ausgabe von 1887, Berlin 1979, 163 f. * Walter Grundmann, Michael Altenburg: Gustav Adolfs Feldlied "Verzage nicht, du Ha¨uflein klein",
Evangelische Verlagsanstalt The Evangelische Verlagsanstalt (EVA) is a denominational media company founded in Berlin in 1946. Its shareholders are the and the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Saxony. The managing director is Sebastian Knöfel. Book publisher The range inc ...
, Jena 1954. * Berthold Kitzig, Dichter und Komponist von "Verzage nicht, du Häuflein klein!", in: Beilage zur Sömmerdaer Zeitung, 1932, 237. * Berthold Kitzig, Gustav Adolf, Jacobus Fabricius u. M. A., die drei Urheber des Liedes »Verzage nicht, du Häuflein klein!«, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1935. * Berthold Kitzig, Läßt sich die Frage nach dem Ursprung des Liedes »Verzage nicht, du Häuflein klein!« wiss. lösen?, in: Forschungen und Fortschritte: Nachrichtenblatt der deutschen Wissenschaft und Technik 11, Berlin 1935, 360–362. * Wolfram Klante, "Ein neuer Aspekt in Michael Altenburgs Beziehungen zu Erfurt", in: Beiträge zur Musikwissenschaft, Academia Verlag, 1991, Bd. 33, 75–78. * Daniel R. Melamed, Christoph Wolff, "Anguish of Hell and Peace of Soul – Angst der Hellen und Friede der Seelen" compiled by Burckhard Grossmann (Jena, 1623), A Collection of Sixteen Motets on Psalm 116 by Machael Preatorius, Heinricht Schütz and Others (Harvard Publications in Music, 18), Harvard 1994, 102–124. * Ludwig Meinecke, Michael Altenburg: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der evangelischen Kirchenmusik, in: Sammelbände der Internationalen Musik-Gesellschaft V, 1903/04, 1-45. *
Hermann Mendel Hermann Mendel (6 August 1834 – 26 October 1876) was a German musicologist. He founded the ''Musikalisches Conversations-Lexikon'', which was published in Berlin from 1870 on and was further edited by August Reissmann (1825-1903) after Mendel's ...
, Michael Altenburg, in: Musikalisches Conversations-Lexikon, Eine Encyclopädie der gesamten musikalischen Wissenschaften, reprint der Ausgabe von 1870, Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim 2001, 185. * Markus Rathey, Gaudium christianum. Michael Altenburg und das Reformationsjubiläum 1617, in: Schütz-Jahrbuch 1998, 107–122. * Stephen Rose, The Mechanisms of the Music Trade in Central Germany, 1600–40, in: Journal of the Royal Music Association 130 No. 11-37, 1-36. * Fritz Vahldieck, Gustav Adolfs Trutzlied, in: Die christliche Welt: protestantische Halbmonatsschrift 46, Leopold klotz Verlag, Gotha 1932, 972–975. * Arno Werner, Die thüringer Musikerfamilie Altenburg, in: Sammelbände der Internationalen Musikgesellschaft 7 H1, Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1905, 119–124. * Arno Werner, Die alte Musikbibliothek und die Instrumentensammlung an St. Wenzel in Naumburg a. d. Saale, in ''
Archiv für Musikwissenschaft The ''Archiv für Musikwissenschaft'' is a quarterly German-English-speaking trade magazine devoted to music history and historical musicology, which publishes articles by well-known academics and young scholars. It was founded in 1918 as the su ...
'' 8 H4, Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1927, 390–415. *
Carl von Winterfeld Carl Georg Vivigens von WinterfeldBernhard Stockmann MGG 2016 (28 January 1784 – 19 February 1852) was a German lawyer and musicologist. He studied music from the 16th to 18th centuries, and was instrumental in reviving it, especially the music ...
, Der evangelische Kirchengesang, vol. 2, Leipzig 1845, 78–87.


External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Altenburg, Michael 1584 births 1640 deaths German classical composers German Baroque composers 17th-century classical composers German male classical composers German Lutheran hymnwriters 17th-century German composers 17th-century male musicians