Johann Christoph Brotze ( lv, Johans Kristofs Broce) (1 September 1742 – 4 August 1823) was a German

pedagogue Pedagogy (), most commonly understood as the approach to teaching, is the theory and practice of learning, and how this process influences, and is influenced by, the social, political and psychological development of learners. Pedagogy, taken as ...

artist An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse refers to a practitioner in the visual arts only. However, th ...

and

ethnographer Ethnography (from Greek ''ethnos'' "folk, people, nation" and ''grapho'' "I write") is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures. Ethnography explores cultural phenomena from the point of view of the subject o ...

Biography

Brotze was born in

Görlitz Görlitz (; pl, Zgorzelec, hsb, Zhorjelc, cz, Zhořelec, :de:Ostlausitzer Mundart, East Lusatian dialect: ''Gerlz'', ''Gerltz'', ''Gerltsch'') is a town in the Germany, German state of Saxony. It is located on the Lusatian Neisse River, and ...

Electorate of Saxony The Electorate of Saxony, also known as Electoral Saxony (German: or ), was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356–1806. It was centered around the cities of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz. In the Golden Bull of 1356, Emperor Charles ...

. He studied

theology Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the ...

and

philosophy Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ...

at the universities of

Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as wel ...

and

Wittenberg Wittenberg ( , ; Low Saxon language, Low Saxon: ''Wittenbarg''; meaning ''White Mountain''; officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg (''Luther City Wittenberg'')), is the fourth largest town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Wittenberg is situated on the Ri ...

, and was also skilled at technical drawing. He went to

Riga Riga (; lv, Rīga , liv, Rīgõ) is the capital and largest city of Latvia and is home to 605,802 inhabitants which is a third of Latvia's population. The city lies on the Gulf of Riga at the mouth of the Daugava river where it meets the Ba ...

Livonia Livonia ( liv, Līvõmō, et, Liivimaa, fi, Liivinmaa, German and Scandinavian languages: ', archaic German: ''Liefland'', nl, Lijfland, Latvian and lt, Livonija, pl, Inflanty, archaic English: ''Livland'', ''Liwlandia''; russian: Ли ...

in 1768 and spent the next 46 years as a teacher at the Riga Imperial Lyceum. During that period he collected historical data and depicted in drawings and paintings everything he saw around him in his everyday life, as well as most buildings and monuments of significance in Livonia, supplemented with extensive descriptions. Today his works are considered an extremely valuable source of information for historians.

Works

*''Zeichnungen und deren Beschreibungen''

Books

* ''Sammlung verschiedener Liefländischer Monumente, Prospecte, Münzen, Wappen, etc.''

Gallery

File:Riga 1650.jpg, Panorama of Riga in 1650 File:Johann Christoph Brotze,"Sammlung Liefländischer Monumente. Wolkimberg.JPG File:A wagon by Brotze.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 15-22.jpg, People in the streets in Riga File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 72-79.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 61-67.jpg File:Russian candle seller by Brotze.jpg, Russian candle seller File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 55-58.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 23-31.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 41-48.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 6-14.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 35-40.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 90-94.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 80-83.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 1-5.jpg File:People in streets of Riga by Brotze 68-69.jpg File:Boys'-summer-clothes-in-Riga-by-Brotze.jpg, Boys' summer clothes in Riga File:Boys'-winter-clothes-in-Riga-by-Brotze.jpg, Boys' winter clothes in Riga

References

External links