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Joglo is a type of
traditional vernacular house of the Javanese people (Javanese ''omah''). The word ''joglo'' refers to the shape of the roof. In the highly hierarchical
Javanese culture, the type of the roof of a house reflects the social and economic status of the owners of the house; joglo houses is traditionally associated with Javanese aristocrats.
Joglo roof can be implemented to a dwelling (''omah'') or a pavilion (''
pendopo
A pendhapa or pandhapa ( Javanese: ꦥꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ or ꦥꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ, Indonesian spelling: pendapa, nonstandard spelling: pendopo) is a fundamental element of Javanese architecture unique in the southern central part of Java; a large pavilio ...
'').
Structure and architecture
![Omah ugm](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Omah_ugm.jpg)
The joglo roof is the most complex of all
Javanese roof types. Different with the other type of Javanese roof such as the limasan and kampung roof, joglo roof does not use king posts. Joglo roof consists of columns that become higher as it go to the center. The four innermost main house columns are often the tallest, while the outer columns are the lowest. These four innermost house columns support a roof that is the steepest of all type of Javanese roof; almost forming a pyramid, except that it comes to two points rather than a single one. These four innermost main house columns is surmounted by a unique structural element known as ''
tumpang sari''. A ''tumpang sari'' is basically layered beams structure; the outermost band of beams support the rafters of both the upper and lower roofs, while the heavily-ornate inner band of beams create a vaulted ceiling in the form of an inverted stepped pyramid.
The basic ''joglo''-type houses can be increased in size by adding extra columns and extending the roof area outwards. Some very large joglo roof, such as the roof of the Grand Pendopo of the
Mangkunegaran Palace
The Pura Mangkunegaran (, ) is a palace complex in the city of Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. It is the official palace and residence of the Duke of Mangkunegara and his family. The palace complex is one of the centers of Javanese culture a ...
, has a shape reminiscent of a mountain.
Traditionally, joglo roof is used for the house proper (''omah'') or the pavilion (''pendopo'') of noble families. In a large house compound of a Javanese noble family, joglo roof covers the very center part of the house. The space in the middle of the house, known as the ''dalem'', is considered the most sacred. This sacred space – especially the area beneath the ''tumpang sari'' – is often left empty. In modern time, the area has no specific usage, but traditionally an incense was burnt once a week in this area to honor the rice goddess
Dewi Sri
Dewi Sri or Shridevi ( Javanese: ꦢꦺꦮꦶꦱꦿꦶ, Balinese: ᬤᬾᬯᬶᬲ᭄ᬭᬶ, Dewi Sri)( Sundanese: ᮑᮄ ᮕᮧᮠᮎᮤ ᮞᮀᮠᮡᮀ ᮃᮞᮢᮤ, Nyai Pohaci Sanghyang Asri) is the Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese Hindu ...
, or in Central Java, to honor
Nyai Roro Kidul
''Kanjeng Ratu Kidul'' Sundanese: ᮑᮤ ᮛᮛ ᮊᮤᮓᮥᮜ᮪, Nyai Rara Kidul) ( Javanese: ꦚꦻꦫꦫꦏꦶꦢꦸꦭ꧀, Nyi Rara Kidul) ( Balinese: ᬜᬶᬭᭀᬭᭀᬓᬶᬤᬸᬮ᭄, Nyi Rara Kidul) is a supernatural being in In ...
. This sacred area is also the area where the bride and bridegroom are seated during their marriage ceremony.
The joglo roof is an iconic Javanese roof form. Joglo roof has influenced the development of
Dutch colonial architecture in Indonesia
Dutch commonly refers to:
* Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands
* Dutch people ()
* Dutch language ()
Dutch may also refer to:
Places
* Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States
* Pennsylvania Dutch Country
People E ...
. Modern buildings in Indonesia, such as big hall or airport terminal buildings, sometimes use the joglo roof.
Social status
![Grand Pendopo, Mangkunegaran Palace](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Grand_Pendopo%2C_Mangkunegaran_Palace.jpg)
In a structured Javanese society and tradition, the joglo house is traditionally associated with the residence of Javanese aristocrats. The joglo-type houses is reserved for
Javanese palace, official residence, government estate, and the house of nobles (''ningrat'').
Types of Joglo
There are seven types of joglo building: ''Joglo Kepuhan'' (used for the ''
peringgitan''), ''Taraju Mas'', ''Lambang Gantung'' or ''Pangrawit'' (used for the audience hall of royal palace), ''Joglo Wantah'', ''Joglo Ceblokan'', ''Tawon Boni'' and ''Semar Tinandu''. Joglo buildings are further divided into two styles, the male and female; the difference between them is that the male version is larger in dimension than the female.
See also
*
Javanese traditional house
Javanese traditional house ( jv, ꦲꦺꦴꦩꦃꦠꦿꦝꦶꦱꦶꦪꦺꦴꦤꦭ꧀ꦗꦮ, Omah tradhisional Jawa) refers to the traditional vernacular houses of Javanese people in the island of Java, Indonesia.
See also
* Indonesian ...
*
Pendopo
A pendhapa or pandhapa ( Javanese: ꦥꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ or ꦥꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ, Indonesian spelling: pendapa, nonstandard spelling: pendopo) is a fundamental element of Javanese architecture unique in the southern central part of Java; a large pavilio ...
*
Indonesian architecture
The architecture of Indonesia reflects the diversity of cultural, historical and geographic influences that have shaped Indonesia as a whole. Invaders, colonizers, missionaries, merchants and traders brought cultural changes that had a profoun ...
*
Kraton (Indonesia)
Kraton or keraton ( jv, ꦏꦿꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ or ꦏꦼꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀) is a type of royal palace in Java, Indonesia. Its name is derived from the Javanese ''ka-ratu-an'', meaning residence of the '' ratu'', the traditional honorific title f ...
References
Works cited
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{{Indonesian architecture
Rumah adat
Javanese culture
House types