Jirón Huancavelica is a major

street A street is a public thoroughfare in a built environment. It is a public parcel of land adjoining buildings in an urban context, on which people may freely assemble, interact, and move about. A street can be as simple as a level patch of dirt, ...

in the

Damero de Pizarro The Cercado de Lima (''Walled Lima''), Damero de Pizarro (''Pizarro's Checkerboard''), or Lima Cuadrada (''Squared Lima'') is an area of the historic center of Lima (capital of Peru) located within the old walls of the city. Location and hist ...

, located in the

historic centre of Lima Located principally in the city centre or Cercado de Lima and Rímac areas, the Historic Centre of Lima is among the most important tourist destinations in Peru. Foundation The city of Lima, the capital of Peru, was founded by Francisco Piz ...

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

. The street starts at its intersection with the

Jirón de la Unión The Jirón de la Unión, or Union Street, is a pedestrian street located in the Historic Centre of Lima, part of the capital of Peru. For many decades it was the most important boulevards of the city, often described as the most aristocratic, wher ...

and continues until it reaches Jirón Ramón Cárcano.

History

The road that today constitutes the street was laid by

Francisco Pizarro Francisco Pizarro González, Marquess of the Atabillos (; ; – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru. Born in Trujillo, Spain to a poor family, Pizarro chose ...

when he founded the city of Lima on 18 January 1535. Since the end of the 16th century, a ''

Corral de comedias ''Corral de comedias'', literally a "theatrical courtyard", is a type of open-air theatre specific to Spain. In Spanish all secular plays were called ''comedias'', which embraced three genres: tragedy, drama, and comedy itself. During the Spanis ...

'' existed on the street. In 1615, the first venue was built, which was destroyed by an earthquake in 1746. Since then, the venue has undergone several renovations and is now known as the Segura Theatre. According to oral tradition, in 1651 an

Angola , national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordina ...

slave Slavery and enslavement are both the state and the condition of being a slave—someone forbidden to quit one's service for an enslaver, and who is treated by the enslaver as property. Slavery typically involves slaves being made to perf ...

painted an image of the crucified Jesus Christ in a brotherhood of his caste in the Pachacamilla neighbourhood, where this street extends. An earthquake that occurred shortly after ruined the house, leaving only the wall that had the figure on it unscathed. In 1660, resident Andrés de León decided to build a small chapel for the worship of said image. However, as the ecclesiastical chapter of Lima did not consider the site decent, it ordered the destruction of the chapel and image. Given this, the site was acquired by the

Biscay Biscay (; eu, Bizkaia ; es, Vizcaya ) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay. The capital and largest city is Bilbao. B ...

an captain Sebastián de Antuñano y Rivas who erected a temple for the veneration of the Holy Christ of Miracles as he began to be called. In 1730 the first church of the

Sanctuary and Monastery of Las Nazarenas The Sanctuary and Monastery of Las Nazarenas is a church in Lima and is the site of the Peruvian Catholic procession of the Lord of Miracles, Señor de los Milagros, who is also the patron of the city. It was constructed together with the Monast ...

was built and in 1746 it was rebuilt because it was destroyed during an earthquake. The church is now the location of the cult of the

Lord of Miracles The Lord of Miracles (in Spanish: ''Señor de los Milagros''), also known as "Christ of Miracles", is an image painted of Jesus Christ that is venerated in Lima, Peru. The image was painted during the 17th century by Benito or Pedro Dalcon, ...

. In 1821,

José de San Martín José Francisco de San Martín y Matorras (25 February 177817 August 1850), known simply as José de San Martín () or '' the Liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru'', was an Argentine general and the primary leader of the southern and cent ...

proclaimed the

independence of Peru The Peruvian War of Independence ( es, Guerra de Independencia del Perú, links=no) consisted in a series of military conflicts in Peru beginning with viceroy Abascal military victories in the south frontier in 1809, in La Paz revolution an ...

in the Plazoleta de la Merced, located in the first block of this road. In 1862, when the new urban nomenclature was adopted, the road was renamed Jirón Huancavelica after the

Department of Huancavelica Huancavelica () is a department and region in Peru with an area of and a population of 347,639 ( 2017 census). The capital is the city Huancavelica. The region is bordered by the departments of Lima and Ica in the west, Junín in the north, ...

. Prior to this renaming, each block (''cuadra'') had a unique name: *Block 1: Lezcano, after Pedro de Lezcano Centeno y Valdez, who lived there. *Block 2: Siete de Septiembre, changed from its original name of Coliseo to commemorate the arrival of San Martín to

Paracas Bay Paracas Bay, with its southern end lying within the Paracas National Reservation is well known for its abundant wildlife. The unique ecosystem, insulated from thrashing ocean waves and current by Paracas Peninsula, and its shallow warmer waters, st ...

, later known as the Plazuela del Teatro after the Segura Theatre. *Block 3: Ortiz, after an unidentified neighbour of the same name. *Block 4: Nazarenas, after the sanctuary of the same name. *Block 5: Plazuela de Nazarenas, for the same reason. *Block 6: Caballos, after a horse rental service there. *Block 7: Torrecilla, after a structure of the same name in the property of

Conquistador Conquistadors (, ) or conquistadores (, ; meaning 'conquerors') were the explorer-soldiers of the Spanish and Portuguese Empires of the 15th and 16th centuries. During the Age of Discovery, conquistadors sailed beyond Europe to the Americas, O ...

Jerónimo de Aliaga. At the end of the 19th century, the road housed the

home A home, or domicile, is a space used as a permanent or semi-permanent residence for one or many humans, and sometimes various companion animals. It is a fully or semi sheltered space and can have both interior and exterior aspects to it. H ...

Miguel Grau Miguel María Grau Seminario (27 July 1834 – 8 October 1879) was the most renowned Peruvian naval officer and hero of the naval battle of Angamos during the War of the Pacific (1879–1884). He was known as ''el Caballero de los Mares'' (Span ...

, who died during the

War of the Pacific The War of the Pacific ( es, link=no, Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Saltpeter War ( es, link=no, Guerra del salitre) and by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884. Fought ...

. The ''Edificio Santo Toribio'' was built in the street's intersection with the

Jirón Rufino Torrico Jirón Rufino Torrico, formerly known as Jirón Arica, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts before its intersection with the Jirón Conde de Superunda, parallel to the '' Pro ...

in 1923 by ''Fred T. Ley & Cía'', an

American American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...

company. The three-storey, 925.30 m² work is part of the set of real estate projects undertaken by the

Archbishop of Lima The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lima ( la, Archidioecesis Limana) is part of the Roman Catholic Church in Peru which enjoys full communion with the Holy See. The Archdiocese was founded as the Diocese of Lima on 14 May 1541. The diocese was r ...

Emilio Lissón Emilio Juan Francisco Lissón y Chávez, C.M. (24 May 1872 - 25 December 1961), was an Archbishop of Lima, Peru. Early years Lissón was born in the city of Arequipa to a strongly Catholic family. He entered the Congregation of the Mission, com ...

, in the 1920s in order to strengthen the economic activities of the archdiocese.

References

Bibliography

* {{Lima streets

Huancavelica Huancavelica () or Wankawillka in Quechua is a city in Peru. It is the capital of the department of Huancavelica and according to the 2017 census had a population of 49,570 people. The city was established on August 5, 1572 by the Viceroy ...

Lima District Historic Centre of Lima

History

See also

References

Bibliography