Nahuatl
Nahuatl (; ), Aztec, or Mexicano is a language or, by some definitions, a group of languages of the Uto-Aztecan language family. Varieties of Nahuatl are spoken by about Nahua peoples, most of whom live mainly in Central Mexico and have smaller ...
municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
in the
Mexican
Mexican may refer to:
Mexico and its culture
*Being related to, from, or connected to the country of Mexico, in North America
** People
*** Mexicans, inhabitants of the country Mexico and their descendants
*** Mexica, ancient indigenous people ...
state of
Veracruz
Veracruz (), formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave), is one of the 31 states which, along with Me ...
, located north-northwest of the state capital
Xalapa
Xalapa or Jalapa (, ), officially Xalapa-Enríquez (), is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz and the name of the surrounding municipality. In the 2005 census the city reported a population of 387,879 and the municipality of which ...
.
Geography
The municipality of Jilotepec is located in central Veracruz at an altitude between . It borders the municipalities of
Coacoatzintla Coacoatzintla in Veracruz, Mexico. It is located in the mountainous central zone of the State of Veracruz, about 11.5 km from state capital Xalapa. It has a surface of 51.00 km2. It is located at .
The municipality of Coacoatzintla is delimite ...
to the north, Naolinco to the northeast, Xalapa to the southeast, Banderilla to the south, Rafael Lucio to the southwest, and Tlacolulan to the northwest. The municipality covers an area of and comprises 0.1% of the state's area.
The municipality is drained by upper tributaries of the
Actopan River
The Actopan River is a river of Mexico that reaches the Gulf of Mexico in the state of Veracruz.
See also
*List of rivers of Mexico
This is a list of rivers of Mexico, listed from north to south. There are 246 rivers on this list. Alternate name ...
. The perennial Naolinco River forms part of Jilotepec's border with the municipality of Naolinco.
Jilotepec's climate is generally humid with rain throughout the year. Average temperatures in the municipality range between , and average annual precipitation ranges between .
History
Jilotepec was founded by the
Totonac people
The Totonac are an indigenous people of Mexico who reside in the states of Veracruz, Puebla, and Hidalgo. They are one of the possible builders of the pre-Columbian city of El Tajín, and further maintained quarters in Teotihuacán (a city wh ...
in 980 as part of the confederation of Tlacolulan. The Teochichimecas controlled Jilotepec from 1380 to 1489, when Jilotepec switched its allegiance to the
Aztec Empire
The Aztec Empire or the Triple Alliance ( nci, Ēxcān Tlahtōlōyān, Help:IPA/Nahuatl, jéːʃkaːn̥ t͡ɬaʔtoːˈlóːjaːn̥ was an alliance of three Nahua peoples, Nahua altepetl, city-states: , , and . These three city-states ruled ...
. A
hacienda
An ''hacienda'' ( or ; or ) is an estate (or ''finca''), similar to a Roman ''latifundium'', in Spain and the former Spanish Empire. With origins in Andalusia, ''haciendas'' were variously plantations (perhaps including animals or orchards), ...
was established at La Concepción at the end of the 16th century. The parish of Jilotepec was inaugurated in 1811.
On 28 March 1831, Jilotepec became a municipality in the canton of Xalapa in the state of Veracruz. It became a free municipality on 15 January 1918. From 1995 to the beginning of the 21st century a wave of
emigration
Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanentl ...
occurred from central Veracruz to the United States; inhabitants from Jilotepec in particular preferred to emigrate to
New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
.
Administration
The municipal government comprises a president, a councillor ( Spanish: ''síndico''), and a trustee (''regidor''). The current president of the municipality is Sergio Fernández Lara.
Demographics
In the 2010 Mexican Census, the municipality of Jilotepec recorded a population of 15,313 inhabitants living in 3734 households. The 2015 Intercensal Survey estimated a population of 16,682 inhabitants in Jilotepec, of which 3.97% reported being of
African descent
Black is a racialized classification of people, usually a political and skin color-based category for specific populations with a mid to dark brown complexion. Not all people considered "black" have dark skin; in certain countries, often in s ...
.
There are 31 localities in the municipality, of which two are classified as urban:
* The municipal seat, also called Jilotepec, which recorded a population of 3871 inhabitants in the 2010 Census; and
* La Concepción, located east of the municipal seat, which recorded 3684 inhabitants in 2010.
Economy
The main economic activity in Jilotepec is agriculture, involving mainly the cultivation of coffee, sugarcane, corn and beans. Cattle and pigs are also raised.