Jiao Yulu (; 16 August 1922 – 14 May 1964) was a Chinese politician. Jiao Yulu was a symbol of the honest Party cadre who devotes himself tirelessly to the

Communist State A communist state, also known as a Marxist–Leninist state, is a one-party state that is administered and governed by a communist party guided by Marxism–Leninism. Marxism–Leninism was the state ideology of the Soviet Union, the Comint ...

. Jiao Yulu was considered to be a glorious example -

Mao Zedong Mao Zedong pronounced ; also romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC) ...

's good student during the period of Mao's personality cult. After his death, a campaign to study Jiao Yulu's example was started in 1966. The aim of the campaign was to boost morale and to rally the people to work harder to overcome difficulties. Party members in particular were called upon to follow Jiao Yulu's example by conducting more research and investigations into local conditions, and learn from his leadership style.

Life and career

Jiao Yulu was born in Yuanquan Town of

Boshan District Boshan () is the southernmost district of the city of Zibo, in central Shandong province, China. Description BoShan is a district in southern Zibo City with a population of around 400,000 people. It is 42 kilometers south of the urban center of ...

, in

Zibo Zibo (, ) is a prefecture-level city in central Shandong province, China. It borders the provincial capital Jinan to the west, Tai'an to the southwest, Linyi to the south, Weifang to the east, Dongying to the northeast, and Binzhou to the ...

city, in

Shandong Shandong ( , ; ; alternately romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China and is part of the East China region. Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history since the beginning of Chinese civilizati ...

province, to a poor family, on August 16, 1922, during the

Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast ...

. Both his father Jiao Fangtian () and mother were farmers. He had only four years of schooling. His father hanged himself during the

Second Sino-Japanese War The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) or War of Resistance (Chinese term) was a military conflict that was primarily waged between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. The war made up the Chinese theater of the wider Pacific Th ...

. Jiao Yulu was conscripted into the Japanese labor and he was sent to coal-mining in

Fushun Fushun (, formerly romanised as ''Fouchouen'', using French spelling, also as Fuxi ()) is a prefecture level city in Liaoning province, China, about east of Shenyang, with a total area of , of which is the city proper. Situated on the Hun Rive ...

Liaoning Liaoning () is a coastal province in Northeast China that is the smallest, southernmost, and most populous province in the region. With its capital at Shenyang, it is located on the northern shore of the Yellow Sea, and is the northernmost ...

, Manchoukuo. He escaped to Suqian,

Jiangsu Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, Postal romanization, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an Eastern China, eastern coastal Provinces of the People's Republic of China, province of the China, People's Republic of China. It is o ...

in the fall of 1943. He had been a farm labourer for two years for the landowner Hu Tairong (). In 1945, after the defeat of the Japanese in the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, he returned his hometown and joined a militia. He once took part in the battle of liberating Boshan District. Jiao Yulu joined the

Communist Party of China The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, the CCP emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil ...

in January 1946, and he soon was transferred to Bohai,

and appointed a group leader of the Land Reform movement. By late

Chinese Civil War The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led government of the Republic of China and forces of the Chinese Communist Party, continuing intermittently since 1 August 1927 until 7 December 1949 with a Communist victory on m ...

, he worked in

Weishi County Weishi County () is a county in the central part of Henan province, China. It is under the administration of Kaifeng Kaifeng () is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China. It is one of the Eight Ancient Capitals of China, ...

Henan Henan (; or ; ; alternatively Honan) is a landlocked province of China, in the central part of the country. Henan is often referred to as Zhongyuan or Zhongzhou (), which literally means "central plain" or "midland", although the name is al ...

province until 1951. In June 1953, he was transferred to

Luoyang Luoyang is a city located in the confluence area of Luo River (Henan), Luo River and Yellow River in the west of Henan province. Governed as a prefecture-level city, it borders the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the east, Pingdingshan to the ...

Mine Machine Manufacturing Plant and worked there until 1962. In June 1962, he was appointed

Communist Party Secretary A Party Committee Secretary () is the leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organization in a province, city, village, or other administrative unit. In most cases, it is the ''de facto'' highest political office of its area of jurisdictio ...

of Weishi County. In December, he became the Second Communist Party Secretary of

Lankao County Lankao County () is a county of Kaifeng, Henan, China. It has an area of and a population of 760,000. It was the site of the Battle of Lanfeng during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Administrative divisions As 2012, this county is divided to 5 to ...

. This region had declined into poverty and ignorance. The county had long been plagued by

dust storm A dust storm, also called a sandstorm, is a meteorological phenomenon common in arid and semi-arid regions. Dust storms arise when a gust front or other strong wind blows loose sand and dirt from a dry surface. Fine particles are transporte ...

s, waterlogging, and alkaline lands. Jiao Yulu devoted his energies to fight economic backwardness. He mobilized the local residents to contend with the poor natural conditions. Due to years of toil, Jiao Yulu broke down from constant overwork and he was diagnosed with liver cancer. But he continued his struggle against natural disasters. On May 14, 1964, he died of

liver cancer Liver cancer (also known as hepatic cancer, primary hepatic cancer, or primary hepatic malignancy) is cancer that starts in the liver. Liver cancer can be primary (starts in liver) or secondary (meaning cancer which has spread from elsewhere to th ...

, aged 42. On February 1, 1966, Henan Provincial People's Government awarded him the title of "Revolutionary Martyr". In 2009, Jiao Yulu was listed as one of the "One Hundred Moving China Character Since 1949".

Personal life

Jiao Yulu married Xu Junya (1932-2005; (), a female politician from

province. They had three sons and three daughters. * Sons: Jiao Guoqing (), Jiao Yuejin (), Jiao Baogang () * Daughters: Jiao Shoufeng (), Jiao Shouyun (), Jiao Shoujun ()

Life and career

Personal life

References

Further reading