Ji Cheong-cheon
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Ji Cheong-cheon (25 January 1888 – 15 January 1957), also known as Yi Cheong-cheon, was a
Korean independence activist The Korean independence movement was a military and diplomatic campaign to achieve the independence of Korea from Japan. After the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910, Korea's domestic resistance peaked in the March 1st Movement of 1919, which w ...
during the period of Japanese rule (1910–1945). He later became a South Korean politician. His name was originally Ji Seok-gyu , but he took the
nom de guerre A pseudonym (; ) or alias () is a fictitious name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true name (orthonym). This also differs from a new name that entirely or legally replaces an individua ...
Ji Cheong-cheon, meaning "Earth and Blue Sky", while leading Korean guerrilla forces against the Japanese. He also went by Ji Dae-hyoung, Ji Su-bong, Ji Eul-gyu, Lee Cheong-Cheon, and Lee Dae-hyoung to hide his identity from Japanese forces while conducting military independence activities. Used the pen name Baeksan, meaning White (Bright, Clear, Snowy) Mountain. He was a 1914 graduate of the
Imperial Japanese Army Academy The was the principal officer's training school for the Imperial Japanese Army. The programme consisted of a junior course for graduates of local army cadet schools and for those who had completed four years of middle school, and a senior course f ...
; however, he defected to the Korean guerrilla forces in 1919, bringing with him knowledge of modern military techniques when he was a
lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often sub ...
in the Imperial Japanese Army. His skills were appreciated by the Korean guerrilla forces who made him the superintendent of the Sinheung Military Academy where new leaders of the Korean forces were being trained. In 1940, he became the commander-in-chief of the
Korean Liberation Army The Korean Liberation Army, also known as the Korean Restoration Army established on September 17, 1940, in Chongqing, Chungking, China, was the armed force of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. Its commandant was General Ji Cheo ...
sponsored by the
Chinese Nationalists The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Taiw ...
. During the Second World War, he invited General
Hong Sa-ik Hong Sa-ik (hangul 홍사익;hanja 洪思翊; 4 March 1889 – 26 September 1946), and was also known by the Japanese pronunciation of his name - Kō Shiyoku (Japanese: 洪 思翊) or Kou Shiyoku, was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Jap ...
, the highest ranking Korean officer in the
Imperial Japanese Army The was the official ground-based armed force of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945. It was controlled by the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office and the Ministry of the Army, both of which were nominally subordinate to the Emperor o ...
, to defect and join the Korean Liberation Army, but the invitation was declined. Following Korea's liberation, he served as a member of the South Korea's National Assembly. He died in 1959, and was posthumously honored by the
government of South Korea The Government of South Korea is the union government of the Republic of Korea, created by the Constitution of South Korea as the executive, legislative and judicial authority of the republic. The president acts as the head of state and is th ...
with the Order of Independence Merit for National Foundation in 1962.


See also

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Korean independence movement The Korean independence movement was a military and diplomatic campaign to achieve the independence of Korea from Japan. After the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910, Korea's domestic resistance peaked in the March 1st Movement of 1919, which ...
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Shin Pal-gyun Shin Pal-gyun (, May 19, 1882 – July 2, 1924) or Shin Dong-chun () was an independence activist of Korea. His wife Im Su-myung () was an independence activist also. Biography Shin Pal-gyun was born in Seoul on May 19, 1882. His great-great- ...


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ww2db.com; accessed 6 June 2017. {{DEFAULTSORT:Ji, Cheong-cheon 1888 births 1957 deaths Korean generals Korean independence activists Military history of Korea Members of the National Assembly (South Korea) Japanese military personnel Recipients of the Order of Merit for National Foundation Chungju Ji clan