![Indus Valley Civilization, Late Phase (1900-1300 BCE)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Indus_Valley_Civilization%2C_Late_Phase_%281900-1300_BCE%29.png)
The Jhukar Phase, was a phase of the
Late Harappan
The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form 2600 BCE to 1900&n ...
culture in
Sindh
Sindh (; ; ur, , ; historically romanized as Sind) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. Located in the southeastern region of the country, Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the second-largest province ...
that continued after the decline of the mature
Indus Valley civilisation
The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form 2600 BCE to 1900&n ...
in the 2nd millennium BC. It is named after the archaeological
type site
In archaeology, a type site is the site used to define a particular archaeological culture or other typological unit, which is often named after it. For example, discoveries at La Tène and Hallstatt led scholars to divide the European Iron Age ...
called
Jhukar in Sindh.
It was, in turn, followed by the
Jhangar Phase.
[
Jhukar and Jhangar phases are collectively called Jhukar and Jhangar culture (1900 - 1500 BCE). ]Cemetery H culture
The Cemetery H culture was a Bronze Age culture in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, from about 1900 BC until about 1300 BC. It is regarded as a regional form of the late phase of the Harappan (Indus Valley ...
(subculture of Late Harrapan IVC Phase) in Punjab was contemporaneous to Jhukar-Jhangar culture (subculture of Late Harrapan IVC Phase) in Sindh, both have evidence of continuity and change. Jhukar culture is associated with the sites excavated at Jhukar, Chanchudaro and Amri (Amri also as an earlier and distinct Amri culture
Amri–Nal culture is attributed to Amri archaeological sites in Sindh and Balochistan provinces of Pakistan. It flourished in the 4th and 3rd millennia BC. The dual typesites are Amri and Nal.
Location
Several settlements attributed to the Amr ...
belonging to earlier phases of IVC).[Upinder Singh, 2008]
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th century
Pearson Education
Pearson Education is a British-owned education publishing and assessment service to schools and corporations, as well for students directly. Pearson owns educational media brands including Addison–Wesley, Peachpit, Prentice Hall, eCollege, ...
, p. 211.. Rangpur culture in Gujarat, also part of Late Phase of IVC, was also contemporaneous to both.
The pottery of this phase is described as "showing some continuity with mature Harappan pottery traditions." During this phase, urban features of cities (such as Mohenjo-Daro
Mohenjo-daro (; sd, موئن جو دڙو'', ''meaning 'Mound of the Dead Men';[stamp seal
__NOTOC__
The stamp seal is a carved object, usually stone, first made in the 4th millennium BC, and probably earlier. They were used to impress their picture or inscription into soft, prepared clay.
Seal devices have seldom survived through ti ...]
s with geometric designs, although lacking the Indus script
The Indus script, also known as the Harappan script, is a corpus of symbols produced by the Indus Valley Civilisation. Most inscriptions containing these symbols are extremely short, making it difficult to judge whether or not they constituted ...
which characterized the preceding phase of the civilization. Script is rare and confined to potsherd inscriptions. There was also a decline in long-distance trade.[J.M. Kenoyer (2006), "Cultures and Societies of the Indus Tradition. In Historical Roots" in ''the Making of ‘the Aryan’'', R. Thapar (ed.), pp. 21–49. New Delhi, National Book Trust.]
See also
* Chronological dating
Chronological dating, or simply dating, is the process of attributing to an object or event a date in the past, allowing such object or event to be located in a previously established chronology. This usually requires what is commonly known as a "d ...
** Phases in archaeology
** Pottery in the Indian subcontinent
Pottery in the Indian subcontinent has an ancient history and is one of the most tangible and iconic elements of Indian art. Evidence of pottery has been found in the early settlements of Lahuradewa and later the Indus Valley Civilisation. Tod ...
* Periodisation of the Indus Valley civilisation
Several periodisations are employed for the periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation. While the Indus Valley Civilisation was divided into Early, Mature, and Late Harappan by archaeologists like Mortimer Wheeler, newer periodisations incl ...
** Ahar-Banas culture
** Late Harappan Phase of IVC (1900 - 1500 BCE)
*** Cemetery H culture
The Cemetery H culture was a Bronze Age culture in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, from about 1900 BC until about 1300 BC. It is regarded as a regional form of the late phase of the Harappan (Indus Valley ...
in Punjab
*** Jhukar-Jhangar culture in Punjab
*** Rangpur culture in Gujarat
* Vedic period
The Vedic period, or the Vedic age (), is the period in the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age of the history of India when the Vedic literature, including the Vedas (ca. 1300–900 BCE), was composed in the northern Indian subcontinent, betw ...
** Kuru Kingdom
Kuru (Sanskrit: ) was a Vedic Indo-Aryan peoples, Indo-Aryan tribal union in northern Iron Age India, Iron Age India, encompassing parts of the modern-day states of Haryana, Delhi, and some parts of western Uttar Pradesh, which appeared in the M ...
(1200 – c. 500 BCE)
** OCP (2000-1500 BCE)
** Copper Hoard culture (2800-1500 BCE), may or may not be independent of vedic culture
References
{{Indus Valley Civilization
Bronze Age Asia
Prehistoric India
History of Pakistan