Jean Massart (7 March 1865 in

Etterbeek Etterbeek ( French: ; Dutch: ) is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the municipalities of Auderghem, the City of Brussels, Ixelles, Schaerbeek, Wolu ...

– 16 August 1925) was a Belgian

botanist Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...

Biography

In 1894 he earned his PhD from the

University of Brussels University of Brussels may refer to several institutions in Brussels, Belgium: Current institutions * Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), a French-speaking university established as a separate entity in 1970 *Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), a D ...

, where later in his career he worked as a professor. From 1902 to 1906 he was curator of the '' Jardin botanique de l'État'' in Brussels. In this role he developed new planting designs that were based on

ethology Ethology is the scientific study of animal behaviour, usually with a focus on behaviour under natural conditions, and viewing behaviour as an evolutionarily adaptive trait. Behaviourism as a term also describes the scientific and objectiv ...

and

phylogeny A phylogenetic tree (also phylogeny or evolutionary tree Felsenstein J. (2004). ''Inferring Phylogenies'' Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA.) is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological spec ...

.Massart, Jean (1865-1925)
JSTOR Global Plants In 1894/95 he collected botanical specimens in

Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's List ...

and

Sumatra Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...

, and in 1922/23, he was in charge of an expedition to

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

. He is remembered for his phytogeographical investigations of Belgium, which he published in the highly regarded ''Esquisse de la géographie botanique de la Belgique'' (1910). He was also at the forefront of

nature conservation Nature conservation is the moral philosophy and conservation movement focused on protecting species from extinction, maintaining and restoring habitats, enhancing ecosystem services, and protecting biological diversity. A range of values unde ...

concerns in his home country. Today, the ''Jardin botanique Jean Massart'' at Brussels commemorates his name.

Taxa

* ''Massartia'', a fungus genus circumscribed by

Émile Auguste Joseph De Wildeman Émile Auguste Joseph De Wildeman (19 October 1866, Saint-Josse-ten-Noode – 1947) was a Belgian botanist and phycologist. He is known for his investigations of Congolese flora. From 1883 to 1887, he studied pharmacy at the Université l ...

in 1897; (order

Zoopagales The Zoopagales is an order of fungi in the subdivision Zoopagomycotina. Most species are parasites or predators of microscopic animals such as amoebae. They also prey on rotifers. The order contains 5 families, 22 genera, and 190 species I ...

). * ''Massartina''; plant genus circumscribed by

René Maire René Charles Joseph Ernest Maire (29 May 1878, Lons-le-Saunier – 24 November 1949) was a French botanist and mycologist. His major work was the ''Flore de l'Afrique du Nord'' in 16 volumes published posthumously in 1953. He collected plants fro ...

in 1925; (family

Boraginaceae Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, includes about 2,000 species of shrubs, trees and herbs in 146, to 156 genera with a worldwide distribution. The APG IV system from 2016 classifies the Boraginaceae as single family of the order ...

Selected works

* ''L'évolution régressive en biologie et en sociologie'', 1897, with Jean Demoor and

Emile Vandervelde Emile Vandervelde (25 January 1866 – 27 December 1938) was a Belgian socialist politician. Nicknamed "the boss" (''le patron''), Vandervelde was a leading figure in the Belgian Labour Party (POB–BWP) and in international socialism. Career Emi ...

, later translated into English by Mrs. Chalmers Mitchell and published as "Evolution by atrophy in biology and sociology" (1899). * ''Recueil de l'Institut botanique Léo Errera'', 1902 – Collections at the botanical institute of

Leo Errera Leo or Léo may refer to: Acronyms * Law enforcement officer * Law enforcement organisation * ''Louisville Eccentric Observer'', a free weekly newspaper in Louisville, Kentucky * Michigan Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity Arts an ...

. * ''Un jardin botanique pour les écoles moyennes'', 1902 – A botanical garden for middle schools. * ''Essai de géographie botanique des districts littoraux et alluviaux de la Belgique'', 1908 – Essay on phytogeography of the littoral and alluvial districts of Belgium. * ''Esquisse de la géographie botanique de la Belgique'', 1910 – Outline of Belgian phytogeography. * ''Nos arbres'', 1911 – Our trees.HathiTrust Digital Library
(publications)

References

External links

IDREF.fr
Extensive bibliography of Massart.
Recollecting landscapes: Re-photography of photographs taken by Jean Massart
{{DEFAULTSORT:Massart, Jean 1865 births 1925 deaths People from Etterbeek 19th-century Belgian botanists Phytogeographers 20th-century Belgian botanists