Jean Mann
JP (née Stewart; 2 July 1889 – 21 March 1964) was a
Scottish Labour Party politician and a campaigner for better housing and planning. She was the third female Labour MP in Scotland. She was elected into the House of Commons on 5 July 1945
and left on 18 September 1959.
Early life and political career
Mann's father was William Stewart, an iron moulder and active trade unionist, and was influential in sparking her passion for improving the lives of others.
Mann was educated at
Bellahouston Academy
Bellahouston Academy is a non-denominational state-run secondary school in Bellahouston, south-west Glasgow, Scotland.
History
Bellahouston Academy first opened in 1876 as a private school run by Alexander Sim. It was taken over by the Gova ...
in Glasgow and trained as an accountant. She became a secretary for her local
Independent Labour Party
The Independent Labour Party (ILP) was a British political party of the left, established in 1893 at a conference in Bradford, after local and national dissatisfaction with the Liberals' apparent reluctance to endorse working-class candidates ...
(ILP) office, whilst a mother of 5 children (hence her nickname "haud the wean Jean", so called because of her insistence that party workers carry her baby while she was delivering a speech). She later progressed to becoming a senior magistrate and vice-chairman of the Labour Party in Scotland, and was elected a councillor on
Glasgow Corporation
The politics of Glasgow, Scotland's largest city by population, are expressed in the deliberations and decisions of Glasgow City Council, in elections to the council, the Scottish Parliament and the UK Parliament.
Local government
As one ...
in 1931.
In
that year's general election, Mann was the ILP's official candidate in
West Renfrewshire without Labour's endorsement. She placed second.
The following year, she left the ILP when it formally split from the Labour Party.
In 1933 she became the Corporation's housing convener,
and was a supporter and advocate for the Garden City Movement. She was part of the Scottish branch of the
Garden Cities and Town Planning Association
The Town and Country Planning Association (TCPA) is an independent research and campaigning charity founded and based in the United Kingdom. It works to enable homes, places and communities in which everyone can thrive. Through its research, t ...
(GCTPA), where she favoured low-rise developments over high-rise and wanted to use this model to improve the housing in Glasgow; it was, however, not financially viable at this time.
In September 1941, the Scottish Branch of the Housing and Town Planning Association (HTPA) organised a conference in
Largs
Largs ( gd, An Leargaidh Ghallda) is a town on the Firth of Clyde in North Ayrshire, Scotland, about from Glasgow. The original name means "the slopes" (''An Leargaidh'') in Scottish Gaelic.
A popular seaside resort with a pier, the town mark ...
to draw attention to the Scottish evidence submitted to the Barlow Commission on the Distribution of the Industrial Population (1940). The conference papers and proceedings were afterwards published in a book titled ''Replanning Scotland'', which was edited by Mann herself.
Parliamentary career
In the Labour landslide at the
1945 general election, Mann was elected as
Member of Parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members o ...
for
Coatbridge
Coatbridge ( sco, Cotbrig or Coatbrig, gd, Drochaid a' Chòta) is a town in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, about east of Glasgow city centre, set in the central Lowlands. Along with neighbouring town Airdrie, Coatbridge forms the area known as ...
. After she had taken the oath, it was realised that her position on the Rent Tribunals under the Rent of Furnished Houses Control (Scotland) Act 1943 was remunerated and that she therefore might hold an 'office of profit under the Crown' which would disqualify her from election. A Select Committee was established which reported that her election was invalid; a Bill was rushed through validating it and indemnifying her from the consequences of acting as an MP while disqualified.
Mann recognised that housing provision in her constituency was inadequate and addressed the issue in her maiden speech.
She was quoted stating that the housing situation was “as bad as it possibly can be”, but that the saddest feature “is that which arises when a young woman is about to be confined", during a debate on 25 October 1945.
On 19 February 1947, Mann introduced the epithet "twerp" to the House of Commons when referring to a character in the popular radio comedy programme ''
It's That Man Again
''It's That Man Again'' (commonly contracted to ''ITMA'') was a BBC radio comedy programme which ran for twelve series from 1939 to 1949. The shows featured Tommy Handley in the central role, a fast-talking figure, around whom the other cha ...
'', during a debate on supplementary estimates.
During her time in parliament she focused on issues that affected low-paid women, housewives and their families. Fire safety was of great importance to her, as she had lost one of her own children in a fire, and in 1959 she successfully campaigned for better regulation on flammable textile fabrics. The 1950s were, however, turbulent years for Labour, with rows erupting once again between the left and the right of the party. Mann’s opposition to the left-wing
Bevanites
Bevanism was a movement on the Left wing politics, left wing of the Labour Party (UK), Labour Party in the late 1950s led by Aneurin Bevan which also included Richard Crossman, Michael Foot and Barbara Castle. Bevanism was opposed by the Gaitske ...
gained enough approval from right-wing trade unionists to help her secure a seat on the party's NEC in 1953, but when, two years later, she voted not to expel
Aneurin Bevan
Aneurin "Nye" Bevan PC (; 15 November 1897 – 6 July 1960) was a Welsh Labour Party politician, noted for tenure as Minister of Health in Clement Attlee's government in which he spearheaded the creation of the British National Health ...
from the party for disloyalty– a move that displayed both her independence and strength of character—she came under attack from the right wing of the party. She stood down at the
1959 general election.
Bibliography
*Mann, Jean (Ed.) (1941), ''Replanning Scotland'', Town and Country Planning Association (Scotland).
*
References
Centre for the Advancement of Women in Politics: Jean Mann*
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mann, Jean
1889 births
1964 deaths
Independent Labour Party councillors
Scottish Labour MPs
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies
Female members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies
UK MPs 1945–1950
UK MPs 1950–1951
UK MPs 1951–1955
UK MPs 1955–1959
20th-century Scottish women politicians
20th-century Scottish politicians
Independent Labour Party parliamentary candidates
Scottish Labour councillors
Women councillors in Glasgow