Jean Hjalmar Dahl Heiberg (19 December 1884 – 27 May 1976) was a Norwegian painter, sculptor, designer and art professor.
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Personal life
Heiberg was born in Kristiania
Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of ...
(now Oslo), Norway. He was the son of Hjalmar Heiberg (1837–97) and Jeanette Sofie Augusta Dahl (1848–84). Both his father and grandfather were professors of medicine. His mother died of puerperal fever
Postpartum infections, also known as childbed fever and puerperal fever, are any bacterial infections of the female reproductive tract following childbirth or miscarriage. Signs and symptoms usually include a fever greater than , chills, lower ab ...
one week after his birth.[
Heiberg's first wife (from 1913 to 1920) was the sculptor ]Sigri Welhaven
Sigri Welhaven (4 May 1894 – 20 December 1991) was a Norwegian artist and sculptor.
Biography
Welhaven was born in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway.
She was the daughter of Hjalmar Welhaven (1850–1922) and Margrethe Backer (1851–1940), ...
. In 1922 he married the painter Agnes Mannheimer, who died in 1934. In 1954 he married Anna Cleve (1916–1996).
Career
Heiberg finished his secondary education
Secondary education or post-primary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale. Level 2 or lower secondary education (less commonly junior secondary education) is considered the second and final pha ...
at Hamar
Hamar is a List of cities in Norway, town in Hamar Municipality in Innlandet Counties of Norway, county, Norway. Hamar is the administrative centre of Hamar Municipality. It is located in the Districts of Norway, traditional region of Hedmarken. ...
in 1903. He studied at the Royal Drawing School
The Royal Drawing School is a not-for-profit educational organisation and registered charity in the London Borough of Hackney in England. It was founded in 2000 by King Charles III (then Prince of Wales) and artist Catherine Goodman as The Prince ...
(''Den Kongelige Tegneskole'') in Kristiania from 1903 to 1904, and in Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...
from 1904 to 1905. He studied at the Académie Colarossi
The Académie Colarossi (1870–1930) was an art school in Paris founded in 1870 by the Italian model and sculptor Filippo Colarossi. It was originally located on the Île de la Cité, and it moved in 1879 to 10 rue de la Grande-Chaumière in the ...
in Paris in 1905. After a period in Kristiania, he moved to Paris again, and was a student of Henri Matisse
Henri Émile Benoît Matisse (; 31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954) was a French visual artist, known for both his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known prima ...
from 1908 to 1910. After his marriage in 1913, the couple stayed in Rome and Florence the following year.[
Among Heiberg's paintings are ''Boksekamp'' from 1910 and ''Enken'' from 1915, which are both located in ]National Gallery of Norway
The National Gallery ( no, Nasjonalgalleriet) is a gallery in Oslo, Norway. Since 2003 it is administratively a part of the National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design.
, the admission cost is 100 Norwegian kroner.
History
It was establishe ...
. Other paintings include ''Mor og barn'' and ''Eftasvæl'', both from 1916. His self-portrait ''Selvportrett ved staffeliet'' is also located at the National Gallery. He is represented at the National Gallery with a total of 30 paintings and several sculptures. Among his bronze sculptures are ''Helge'' from 1925 and ''Hode'' from 1928. In the 1920s he also designed pieces of furniture.[
In the early 1930s he co-designed a telephone for ]Elektrisk Bureau
Elektrisk Bureau or EB was a Norwegian manufacturer of telecommunication equipment. It was founded in 1882 and lasted until 1993 when it became part of Asea Brown Boveri (ABB). The company was located at Billingstad in Asker.
History
In 1882 ...
. It was claimed to be the world's first "hookless" bakelite
Polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, better known as Bakelite ( ), is a thermosetting phenol formaldehyde resin, formed from a condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde. The first plastic made from synthetic components, it was developed ...
telephone; that is, the first telephone where the cradle, or receiver hook, was integrated into the all-bakelite body.[ The phone went into production in 1932 as the ]Ericsson
(lit. "Telephone Stock Company of LM Ericsson"), commonly known as Ericsson, is a Swedish multinational networking and telecommunications company headquartered in Stockholm. The company sells infrastructure, software, and services in informat ...
model ''DBH1001''. The engineering design of this model was made by Norwegian electrical engineer Johan Christian Bjerknes (1889–1983). Heiberg was responsible for the stylistic design.
Heiberg was appointed a professor at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts
The Norwegian National Academy of Arts ( no, Statens kunstakademi) is a Norwegian Academy offering studies in the area of Fine Art. The Academy currently offers 3-year bachelor and 2-year MA programmes. The "Norwegian National Academy of the Arts" ...
from 1935 to 1955,[ except during the ]occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the ...
, when he was fired in 1941.[ In autumn 1941 he started secretly running an undercover art academy in Oslo, together with fellow professor ]Axel Revold Axel Revold (24 December 1887 – 11 April 1962) was a Norwegian painter, illustrator, and art professor at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts for twenty years. He was highly decorated for his merits.
Personal life
Revold was born in ...
.[ Their academy was called "The Factory" ( no, Fabrikken) because its first location was in a closed corset factory. It was later located at ]Lauritz Falk
Lauritz Falk (15 November 1909 – 1 February 1990) was a Swedish-Norwegian actor, film director, singer and painter. He appeared in about 60 roles in films and TV between 1923 and 1989. He is the cousin of the Swedish artist Bertram Schmiterl ...
's home and at Johannes Sejersted Bødtker's atelier at Holmenkollen.[ Heiberg was the director of the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts from 1946 to 1955.] In 1956 he was decorated Commander of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav
Royal may refer to:
People
* Royal (name), a list of people with either the surname or given name
* A member of a royal family
Places United States
* Royal, Arkansas, an unincorporated community
* Royal, Illinois, a village
* Royal, Iowa, a cit ...
.[
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References
Related reading
*Kjetil Fallan (2010) ''Design History: Understanding Theory and Method'' (Berg Publishers)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Heiberg, Jean
1884 births
1976 deaths
Artists from Oslo
20th-century Norwegian painters
Norwegian designers
Norwegian expatriates in Germany
Norwegian expatriates in France
20th-century Norwegian sculptors
Académie Colarossi alumni