Jean Guillaume Bruguière (19 July 1749 – 3 October 1798) was a French

physician A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and ...

and diplomat.

Biography

Bruguière was born in Montpellier on 19 July 1749.Comptes rendus du Congrès national des sociétés savantes: Section des sciences. (1961) page 173. Jean-Guillaume Bruguière (1749-1798) et Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (1756-1814), médecins naturalistes et voyageurs. Jean Théodoridès He was a doctor, connected to the

University of Montpellier The University of Montpellier (french: Université de Montpellier) is a public research university located in Montpellier, in south-east of France. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the oldest universities in the wor ...

. He was interested in

invertebrate Invertebrates are a paraphyletic group of animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a ''backbone'' or ''spine''), derived from the notochord. This is a grouping including all animals apart from the chordate ...

s, mostly

snail A snail is, in loose terms, a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name ''snail'' is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class G ...

s (

gastropods The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. ...

). He accompanied the explorer Kerguelen-Trémarec on his first voyage to the

Antarctic The Antarctic ( or , American English also or ; commonly ) is a polar region around Earth's South Pole, opposite the Arctic region around the North Pole. The Antarctic comprises the continent of Antarctica, the Kerguelen Plateau and o ...

in 1773. In 1790 he accompanied the entomologist Olivier on an expedition to Persia, but his poor health didn't allow him to continue. In 1792, although he was ill, he visited the Greek archipelago and the

Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (Europ ...

, together with the

entomologist Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arach ...

Guillaume-Antoine Olivier Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (; 19 January 1756, Les Arcs, Var, Les Arcs near Toulon – 1 October 1814, Lyon) was a French entomologist and naturalist. Life Olivier studied medicine in Montpellier, where he became good friends with Pierre Mari ...

. He was asked by the French Directoire to try to set up a Franco-Persian alliance, but was unsuccessful, lacking the training of a diplomat. He died on the voyage back. He described several taxa in his book '' Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des trois Règnes de la Nature: vers, coquilles, mollusques et polypes divers)'' which appeared in three volumes in 1827, long after he had died. He also wrote ''Histoire Naturelle des Vers. Vol. 1'' (1792) but he had to stop at the letter "C".

Christian Hee Hwass Christian Hee Hwass (1731–1803) was a Danish malacologist who is remembered for his work in conchology. Although born in Denmark, Hwass did most of his important work in France. He moved to Paris in 1780, and later Auteuil (1794). In France, ...

continued his work and wrote most of it. He died in

Ancona Ancona (, also , ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region in central Italy, with a population of around 101,997 . Ancona is the capital of the province of Ancona and of the region. The city is located northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic ...

in October 1798 (and not in 1799, as mentioned in some sources; there was a discrepancy due to the French revolutionary calendar). He was mainly interested in molluscs and other invertebrates, as can be seen in the following list of the taxa he named.

Authority

He named more than 140 marine genera or species, among them : ;Genera *'' Anodontites'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Cerithium '' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''Cerithium'' subg. ''Cerithium'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Corbula'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Lima Lima ( ; ), originally founded as Ciudad de Los Reyes (City of The Kings) is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín Rivers, in the desert zone of the central coastal part of t ...

'' Bruguière, 1797 (mollusc) *''

Lingula Lingula is Latin for "little tongue". It can stand for: * ''Lingula'' (brachiopod), a brachiopod genus of the family Lingulidae, which is among the few brachiopods surviving today but also known from fossils over 500 million years old * Lingala la ...

'' Bruguière, 1791 (brachiopod) *'' Lucina'' Bruguière, 1797 (mollusc) *''

Oliva Oliva () is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of La Safor in the Valencian Community, Spain. To its east lie of coastline and beaches fronting the Mediterranean Sea, and eight kilometres to the north is Gandia. The ''Passeig'' (promenade) run ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Orthoceras ''Orthoceras'' ("straight horn") is a genus of extinct nautiloid cephalopod restricted to Middle Ordovician-aged marine limestones of the Baltic States and Sweden. This genus is sometimes called ''Orthoceratites''. Note it is sometimes misspell ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Ovula'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Terebra ''Terebra'' is a genus of small to large-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Terebrinae of the family Terebridae, the auger snails. Species in this genus do not possess a radula. Species Species in the g ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) ;Species : *'' Acanthopleura spinosa'' (Bruguière, 1792) (mollusc) *''

Anadara ovalis ''Lunarca ovalis'', also known as the blood ark clam, is a species of clam in the family Arcidae. It can be found along North America coast of the Atlantic Ocean, ranging from Massachusetts to the West Indies and Brazil.Abbott, R.T. & Morris, P ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Anodontites crispata ''Anodontites'' is a genus of freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family Mycetopodidae. ''Anodontites'' are present in South South is one of the cardinal directions or Points of the compass, compass points. The direction is t ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Arca imbricata'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Balanus crenatus'' Bruguière (crustacean) *'' Balanus perforatus'' Bruguière (crustacean) *''

Batillaria zonalis ''Batillaria zonalis'' is a species of small sandy shore snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Batillariidae, the horn snails. Distribution * Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island count ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Beroe ovata'' Bruguière, 1789 (Ctenophora) *''

Bulla striata ''Bulla striata'', commonly known as the common Atlantic bubble or striate bubble, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Bullidae ''Bulla'' is a genus of medium to large hermaphrodite sea snails, shelled marin ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Bullia miran ''Dorsanum miran'', common name : the ''Moroccan bullia'', is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Nassariidae, the nassa mud snails or dog whelks. Description The shell size varies between 20 mm and 30 mm ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Cardita ajar ''Cardita'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Carditidae. Naming Especially in the early 19th century, this genus was often confused with the Carditid genus ''Cardites''. ''Cardita'' was originally established by J.G. Brugu ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Cardium ringens Cardium (from Greek καρδίᾱ kardiā, heart) may refer to: * -cardium, a combining form used in terms associated with the heart such as pericardium, epicardium and endocardium * , a genus of molluscs in the family Cardiidae ** ''Cardium edu ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Cassidula aurisfelis ''Cassidula'' is a genus of small air-breathing salt marsh snails, pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Ellobiidae.Bouchet, P. (2014). Cassidula Gray, 1847. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Cerithium eburneum ''Cerithium eburneum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by m ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Cerithium vulgatum ''Cerithium vulgatum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cerithiidae. Description Distribution This species occurs in European waters and in the Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connecte ...

'' Bruguière (mollusc) *''

Chaetopleura spinosa ''Chaetopleura'' is a genus of chitons in the family Chaetopleuridae.Schwabe, E.; Gofas, S. (2010). Chaetopleura Shuttleworth, 1853. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Concholepas concholepas ''Concholepas concholepas'', the Chilean abalone, is a species of large edible sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk. Despite the superficial resemblance, ''C. concholepas'' is not a true abalone (a species in the family Haliotidae), but a ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Chondrina avenacea'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus arenatus'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Conus catus ''Conus catus'', common name the cat cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies. Like all species within the genus ''Conus'', these snails are predatory and venomous. Th ...

'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Conus gubernator ''Conus gubernator'', common name the governor cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies. Like all species within the genus ''Conus'', these snails are predatory and ven ...

'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Conus pulcher siamensis ''Conus'' is a genus of predatory sea snails, or cone snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Conidae.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2015). Conus Linnaeus, 1758. In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at ...

'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Diplodon granosus'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Gourmya vulgata ''Gourmya'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cerithiidae. Species Species within the genus ''Gourmya'' include: * '' Gourmya gourmyi'' (Crosse, 1861) * '' Gourmya (Gladiocerithium) argutum'' (Monterosato, 1911 ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Lingula anatina'' Lamarck, 1801 (brachiopod) *'' Micromelo undata'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Partula otaheitana ''Partula otaheitana'' is a species of air-breathing tropical land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Partulidae. This species is endemic to the island of Tahiti, French Polynesia )Territorial motto: ( en, "Great T ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Perrona nifat'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Placenta placuna The placenta is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation. It plays critical roles in facilitating nutrient, gas and waste exchange between the physically separate materna ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Retusa truncatula ''Retusa truncatula'' is a species of very small head-shield sea snail or barrel-bubble snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusc in the family (biology), family RetusidaeGofas, S. (2013). ''Retusa truncatula'' (Bruguière, 1792). Accesse ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Scapharca inaequivalvis'' Bruguière (mollusc) *'' Serripes groenlandicus'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Solatopupa similis ''Solatopupa similis'' is a species of gastropods belonging to the family Chondrinidae Chondrinidae is a family of mostly minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the order Pulmonata. Anatomy In this fa ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Sphyradium doliolum ''Sphyradium doliolum'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca calle ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Subulina octona ''Subulina octona'' is a species of small, tropical, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. Distribution The native distribution of this species includes: * Caribbean * CubaTerebralia sulcata'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) The genus '' Bruguiera'' (mangrove trees from the family ''

Rhizophoraceae The Rhizophoraceae is a family of tropical or subtropical flowering plants. It includes around 147 species distributed in 15 genera.Setoguchi, H., Kosuge, K., & Tobe, H. (1999). Molecular Phylogeny of Rhizophoraceae Based on rbcL Gene Sequences. ...

'') was named by

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...

in his honor.

Bruguière Peak Bruguière Peak ( bg, връх Брюгиер, vrah Bruguière, ) is the sharp rocky peak rising to Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest co ...

is named after Jean Guillaume Bruguière.

References

*Lamy, E., 1930. Les conchyliologistes Bruguière et Hwass. Journ. de Conchyl. Vol. 74.
The Taxonomicon
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruguiere, Jean Guillaume 1749 births 1798 deaths French zoologists French malacologists Conchologists French expatriates in Iran

Biography

Authority

See also

References