Jean Guillaume Bruguière (19 July 1749 – 3 October 1798) was a French

physician A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...

and diplomat.

Biography

Bruguière was born in

Montpellier Montpellier (, , ; oc, Montpelhièr ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the Departments of ...

on 19 July 1749.Comptes rendus du Congrès national des sociétés savantes: Section des sciences. (1961) page 173. Jean-Guillaume Bruguière (1749-1798) et Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (1756-1814), médecins naturalistes et voyageurs. Jean Théodoridès He was a doctor, connected to the

University of Montpellier The University of Montpellier (french: Université de Montpellier) is a public university, public research university located in Montpellier, in south-east of France. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the oldest univ ...

. He was interested in

invertebrate Invertebrates are a paraphyletic group of animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a ''backbone'' or ''spine''), derived from the notochord. This is a grouping including all animals apart from the chordate ...

s, mostly

snail A snail is, in loose terms, a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name ''snail'' is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class Gastro ...

s (

gastropods The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. Ther ...

). He accompanied the explorer Kerguelen-Trémarec on his first voyage to the

Antarctic The Antarctic ( or , American English also or ; commonly ) is a polar region around Earth's South Pole, opposite the Arctic region around the North Pole. The Antarctic comprises the continent of Antarctica, the Kerguelen Plateau and other ...

in 1773. In 1790 he accompanied the entomologist Olivier on an expedition to Persia, but his poor health didn't allow him to continue. In 1792, although he was ill, he visited the Greek archipelago and the

Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Pro ...

, together with the

entomologist Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arach ...

Guillaume-Antoine Olivier Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (; 19 January 1756, Les Arcs near Toulon – 1 October 1814, Lyon) was a French entomologist and naturalist. Life Olivier studied medicine in Montpellier, where he became good friends with Pierre Marie Auguste Brou ...

. He was asked by the French

Directoire The Directory (also called Directorate, ) was the governing five-member committee in the French First Republic from 2 November 1795 until 9 November 1799, when it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte in the Coup of 18 Brumaire and replaced by ...

to try to set up a

Franco-Persian alliance A Franco-Persian alliance or Franco-Iranian alliance was formed for a short period between the French Empire of Napoleon I and Fath Ali Shah of Qajar Persia against Russia and Great Britain between 1807 and 1809. The alliance was part of a plan t ...

, but was unsuccessful, lacking the training of a diplomat. He died on the voyage back. He described several taxa in his book '' Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des trois Règnes de la Nature: vers, coquilles, mollusques et polypes divers)'' which appeared in three volumes in 1827, long after he had died. He also wrote ''Histoire Naturelle des Vers. Vol. 1'' (1792) but he had to stop at the letter "C".

Christian Hee Hwass Christian Hee Hwass (1731–1803) was a Danish malacologist who is remembered for his work in conchology. Although born in Denmark, Hwass did most of his important work in France. He moved to Paris in 1780, and later Auteuil-Neuilly-Passy, Auteuil ...

continued his work and wrote most of it. He died in

Ancona Ancona (, also , ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region in central Italy, with a population of around 101,997 . Ancona is the capital of the province of Ancona and of the region. The city is located northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic S ...

in October 1798 (and not in 1799, as mentioned in some sources; there was a discrepancy due to the French revolutionary calendar). He was mainly interested in

mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...

s and other invertebrates, as can be seen in the following list of the taxa he named.

Authority

He named more than 140 marine genera or species, among them : ;Genera *''

Anodontites ''Anodontites'' is a genus of freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family Mycetopodidae The Mycetopodidae are a family of freshwater pearly mussels in the order Unionida restricted to South America. They are named for the mu ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Cerithium ''Cerithium'' is a genus of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cerithiidae, the ceriths.Gofas, S. (2011). Cerithium Bruguière, 1789. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marines ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''Cerithium'' subg. ''Cerithium'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Corbula ''Corbula'' is a genus of very small saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Corbulidae, the basket clams.Gofas, S. (2010). Corbula Bruguière, 1797. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca databas ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Lima Lima ( ; ), originally founded as Ciudad de Los Reyes (City of The Kings) is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón River, Chillón, Rímac River, Rímac and Lurín Rivers, in the desert zone of t ...

'' Bruguière, 1797 (mollusc) *'' Lingula'' Bruguière, 1791 (brachiopod) *'' Lucina'' Bruguière, 1797 (mollusc) *''

Oliva Oliva () is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of La Safor in the Valencian Community, Spain. To its east lie of coastline and beaches fronting the Mediterranean Sea, and eight kilometres to the north is Gandia. The ''Passeig'' (promenade) run ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Orthoceras ''Orthoceras'' ("straight horn") is a genus of extinct nautiloid cephalopod restricted to Middle Ordovician-aged marine limestones of the Baltic States and Sweden. This genus is sometimes called ''Orthoceratites''. Note it is sometimes misspelle ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Ovula ''Ovula'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Ovulidae. Species Species within the genus ''Ovula'' include: *''Ovula costellata'' Lamarck, 1810 *''Ovula ishibashii'' (Kuroda, 1928) *''Ovula ovum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Terebra ''Terebra'' is a genus of small to large-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Terebrinae of the family Terebridae, the auger snails. Species in this genus do not possess a radula. Species Species in the gen ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) ;Species : *''

Acanthopleura spinosa ''Acanthopleura'' is a genus of chitons in the family Chitonidae. In this genus the girdle is spiny or spiky. It has eight described species at present. Species According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), species in the genus '' ...

'' (Bruguière, 1792) (mollusc) *'' Anadara ovalis'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Anodontites crispata ''Anodontites'' is a genus of freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family Mycetopodidae. ''Anodontites'' are present in South South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Arca imbricata'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Balanus crenatus'' Bruguière (crustacean) *''

Balanus perforatus ''Balanus perforatus'' is a species of barnacle in the family Balanidae. It is found on the lower shore and in the neritic zone in the warm temperate parts of the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Description ''Balanus perforatus'' is a large barnacle wh ...

'' Bruguière (crustacean) *'' Batillaria zonalis'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Beroe ovata ''Beroe ovata'' is a comb jelly in the family Beroidae. It is found in the South Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea and has been introduced into the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea, the Sea of Azov and the Caspian Sea. It was first described by ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (Ctenophora) *'' Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Bullia miran'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Cardita ajar'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Cardium ringens'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Cassidula aurisfelis'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Cerithium eburneum'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Cerithium vulgatum'' Bruguière (mollusc) *'' Chaetopleura spinosa'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Concholepas concholepas ''Concholepas concholepas'', the Chilean abalone, is a species of large edible sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk. Despite the superficial resemblance, ''C. concholepas'' is not a true abalone (a species in the family Haliotidae), but a membe ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Chondrina avenacea ''Chondrina avenacea'' is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Chondrinidae. ;Subspecies: * ''Chondrina avenacea avenacea'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Chondrina ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus arenatus'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Conus catus ''Conus catus'', common name the cat cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies. Like all species within the genus ''Conus'', these snails are predatory and venomous. T ...

'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus gubernator'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus pulcher siamensis'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Diplodon granosus ''Diplodon'' is a genus of freshwater pearly mussel, an aquatic bivalve in the Hyriidae family. The genus includes the following species: * '' Diplodon chilensis'' * '' Diplodon dunkerianus'' * '' Diplodon expansus'' * '' Diplodon fontaineanu ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Gourmya vulgata'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Lingula anatina ''Lingula anatina'' is a brachiopod species in the genus '' Lingula''. Like others in its genus, ''L. anatina'' is a filter feeder that uses a lophophore The lophophore () is a characteristic feeding organ possessed by four major groups of ...

'' Lamarck, 1801 (brachiopod) *''

Micromelo undata ''Micromelo undatus'', common name the miniature melo, is an uncommon species of small sea snail or bubble snail, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Aplustridae. Distribution This species occurs in the Caribbean, Flor ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Partula otaheitana'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Perrona nifat'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Placenta placuna'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Retusa truncatula'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Scapharca inaequivalvis'' Bruguière (mollusc) *'' Serripes groenlandicus'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Solatopupa similis'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Sphyradium doliolum ''Sphyradium doliolum'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Orculidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Sphyradium doliolum (Bruguière, 1792). Accessed through: World Regis ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Subulina octona'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Terebralia sulcata'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) The genus ''

Bruguiera ''Bruguiera'' is a plant genus in the family Rhizophoraceae. It is a small genus of five mangrove species and three hybrids of the Indian and west Pacific Ocean region, its range extending from East Africa and Madagascar through coastal India, ...

'' (mangrove trees from the family ''

Rhizophoraceae The Rhizophoraceae is a family of tropical or subtropical flowering plants. It includes around 147 species distributed in 15 genera.Setoguchi, H., Kosuge, K., & Tobe, H. (1999). Molecular Phylogeny of Rhizophoraceae Based on rbcL Gene Sequences. ...

'') was named by

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biologi ...

in his honor. Bruguière Peak in

Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest contine ...

is named after Jean Guillaume Bruguière.

References

*Lamy, E., 1930. Les conchyliologistes Bruguière et Hwass. Journ. de Conchyl. Vol. 74.
The Taxonomicon
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruguiere, Jean Guillaume 1749 births 1798 deaths French zoologists French malacologists Conchologists French expatriates in Iran

Biography

Authority

See also

References