''Jean Bart'' was a French privateer launched in Marseille in 1807,
[ and commissioned as a privateer by the Daumas brothers.][''Guerre et Commerce en Méditerranée'', p.325] She was the first privateer captained by Jean-Joseph Roux.
She is depicted in two watercolours by Antoine Roux
Ange-Joseph Antoine Roux, "Antoine Roux" (1765–1835) was a French fine art painter who specialised in maritime painting, sometimes referred to as marine art.
Career
Roux came from a family of artists and primarily worked in Marseille. Earl ...
the Elder, dated 1810 and 1811.[
]
Career
First captain
''Jean Bart'' sailed for her first cruise in 1807, returning to Marseille in 1808.[
]
Career under Jean-Joseph Roux
From May 1809 to July 1810, she was captained by Jean-Joseph Roux.[ ''Jean Bart'' a 109-man crew, with four 12-pounder ]carronade
A carronade is a short, smoothbore, cast-iron cannon which was used by the Royal Navy. It was first produced by the Carron Company, an ironworks in Falkirk, Scotland, and was used from the mid-18th century to the mid-19th century. Its main func ...
s, two six-pounder long guns, one chase 10-pounder gun mounted on a pivot at the bow, along with 60 rifles, 28 pistols, 33 sabres and 13 spears.[''Guerre et Commerce en Méditerranée'', p.320]
The crew comprised 11 officiers (including one surgeon), 6 masters and 2 second masters (including two crew masters, two master gunners, one captain-at-arms, one master helmsman, one master carpenter and one load master), 17 able seamen (topmen, helmsmen and gunners), 20 seamen, 7 boys, 34 volunteers and 11 others.[''Guerre et Commerce en Méditerranée'', p.323]
First cruise
On 4 June 1809, ''Jean Bart'' captured her first prize of the cruise, a Spanish merchantman laden with wheat, bound for San Feliu from Malta, and sent her to France.[''Guerre et Commerce en Méditerranée'', p.333-334] On 13, she captured the British mercantile corvette ''Marie-Auguste'' (?), Joseph Tool, master, which was sailing from Alicante to Messina on ballast[
On 19 June, ''Jean Bart'' captured two American ships: the 200-ton brig ''Elizabeth'', and the 300-ton, 6-gun three-masted ship ''Weymouth'', Gardner, master, both from Boston and bound for Palerme with loads of sugar, coffee, pepper, tobacco and various other goods. They were sent to France but the arrival of ''Elizabeth'' to France in unconfirmed, while ''Weymouth'' was recaptured.][ The next day, she captured the British brig ''Liffey'', from London and bound for Palerme with various goods, which surrendered after a brief artillery exchange,][''Guerre et Commerce en Méditerranée'', p.327] and sent her to France.[ On 1 July, ''Jean Bart'' was intercepted by a British cruiser, which she narrowly managed to elude after a running battle.][''Guerre et Commerce en Méditerranée'', p.329]
From 3 to 9 August 1809, ''Jean Bart'' encountered four American merchantmen, but as Roux found no cause to seize them, he "regretfuly" had to send them on their way.[
On 15 August, ''Jean Bart'' captured the Spanish ]pink
Pink is the color of a namesake flower that is a pale tint of red. It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century. According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, ...
''Nuevo Cordeno'', P.A. Bagon, master, which was sailing From Sardinia to Mahón with two passengers and a 5-man crew.[ The next day, she captured two Spanish ships: another pink, laden with wheat, and a three-masted ]polacca
A polacca (or ''polacre'') is a type of seventeenth- to nineteenth-century sailing vessel, similar to the xebec. The name is the feminine of "Polish" in the Italian language. The polacca was frequently seen in the Mediterranean. It had two or th ...
with unspecified cargo, both sailing from Sardinia to Mahón.[
]
Second cruise
On her second cruise, ''Jean Bart'' captured the British mercantile corvette ''Eagle'' on 9 February 1810. ''Eagle'', Thomas Walker, master, with a 15-man crew and 14 12-pounder guns, was bound from Palerma and Malta with four passengers and a load of leather, dye, blackwood, iron and various other goods.[ ''Eagle'' put up a serious resistance and Roux had to board her before she surrendered, both ships sustaining two wounded each.][''Guerre et Commerce en Méditerranée'', p.328] ''Jean Bart'' and ''Eagle'' arrived at Golfe Juan
Golfe-Juan (; oc, Lo Gorg Joan, Lo Golfe Joan) is a seaside resort on France's Côte d'Azur. The distinct local character of Golfe-Juan is indicated by the existence of a demonym, "Golfe-Juanais", which is applied to its inhabitants.
Overview
...
together on 1 or 2 December, but British cruisers forced them off Marseille and into a hide-and-seek chase; they eventually arrived at Toulon on 11 December.[
Roux had the mast of ''Jean Bart'' replaced by 25 December (a first replacement mast was found to be eaten by insects, and the second was too large and had to be worked upon before it would fit).][ ''Valetta'' strongly resisted, first by long-range gunfire and, after one hour, as the ships were closing in to each other, intense artillery and musketry fire; ''Jean Bart'' eventually boarded ''Valetta'', which only struck her colours after trying to repel the French with bladed weapons. ''Valetta'' had four seriously wounded, and ''Jean Bart'' sustained one killed and seven wounded.][
In the morning of 23 June 1810, ''Jean Bart'' encountered a British pink, which she attempted to attack; however, two brigantines soon joined in, exchanged signals with the pink, and engaged ''Jean Bart'' around 3 PM; after a three-hour exchange, ''Jean Bart'' had to limp away with 4 killed, 14 wounded (two of whom would die of their wounds in the next days), and having sustained serious damage to the rigging and hull.][''Guerre et Commerce en Méditerranée'', p.330] The next day, having effected temporary repairs, ''Jean Bart'' captured the British ''Catherine'', Philippe Medicy, master, bound from Malta to Mahón and Tarragona with a load of coton.[ However, the mainmast of ''Jean Bart'' was found to be more severely damaged by the battle of the 23rd than previously understood, and Roux set sail to return to Marseille.][
]
Third cruise
''Jean Bart'' departed for a third cruise, but on 26 November 1810, the mainmast of ''Jean Bart'' started splitting in two places and threatened to break, and Roux set heading North to return to Marseille and effect repairs. On 28, ''Jean Bart'' encountered the British brig ''Purita'', Salvatore Antiniolo, master, bound from Matla to Gibraltar and Cadiz with a load of sulfur, oil, ropes, soap and various other goods, as well as two passengers; ''Purita'' had a 16-man crew and 6 guns. Roux sent her to France, where she is confirmed to have arrived.[
On 27 January, ''Jean Bart'' captured the American schooner ''Zebra'', bound from Boston to Tarragona with a load of ]stave
Stave may refer to:
Places
* Stave (Krupanj), a village in Serbia
* Stave Hill, in London
* Stave Lake, in British Columbia, Canada
* Stave River, in British Columbia, Canada
* Stave Run, a river in Virginia, United States
Other uses
* Stave ...
s.[ The next day, she captured the British 160-ton polacca ''Emma'', which was returning from London to Malta with no cargo, a 9-man crew and 6 guns.][ ''Emma'' fired a few cannon shots before surrendering.][
On 2 February 1811, she captured the American 156-ton brig ''Star'', John Holman, master, sailing from Salem to Palerma with an 11-man crew and a load of coffee, indigo, dye, spices and cod.][ The next day, she seized the Swedish 300-ton ''Neutralité'' (?), John Tornberg, master, which was sailing from London to Cagliari with a 14-man crew and no cargo.][ In both of these cases, Roux illegally displayed his true colours only after the masters of the ships had arrived aboard ''Jean Bart'' and produced their papers; the capture of ''Star'' was voided by the tribunal, probably for this reason.][
]
Career under Honoré Plaucheur
From October 1810 to February 1812, she cruised under Honoré Plaucheur, with 106 men and 5 guns. On 23 February, captured her.
Fate
* On 23 February 1812, captured ''Jean Bart''.
Citations and references
Notes
Citations
References
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{{italic title
1807 ships
Ships built in France
Privateer ships of France
Captured ships