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Jean Armand de Maillé, Duke of Fronsac, Marquis of Brézé (18 October 1619 – 14 June 1646) was a French admiral. He was born in
Milly-le-Meugon Milly-le-Meugon is a village now attached to the city of Gennes, Maine-et-Loire department, France. It is also the site of a castle, which also belonged to the Maillé-Brézé family, a notable family of the French nobility with close ties to ...
, in one of the most powerful French families of the time; his father was Urbain de Maillé, Marquis of Brézé,
Marshal of France Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished ( ...
, his uncle Cardinal Richelieu, King
Louis XIII Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
's renowned minister, and his brother-in-law, Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, (better known as the ''le Grand Condé''), was the First Prince of the Blood. Thanks to his uncle, at the age of seventeen, he received the title of ''grand-maître de la navigation'' (Grand-master of Navigation), a new title created by King
Louis XIII Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
for Cardinal Richelieu and equivalent to Grand
Admiral of France Admiral of France (french: Amiral de France) is a French title of honour. It is the naval equivalent of Marshal of France and was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France. History The title was created in 1270 by Louis IX of France, dur ...
. One of the leading figures in the Eighty Years' War, he defeated the Spanish fleet near Cadiz (20 July 1640), and then seized
Villafranca Villafranca (Basque: ''Alesbes'') is a town and municipality located in the province and the autonomous community (Comunidad Foral) of Navarre, northern Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo ...
. In 1641, he arrived in Portugal to help in the Portuguese Restoration War against Spain. In 1642, he fought an indecisive action against the Spanish forces near
Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...
, and nearly completely destroyed their fleet near Cartagena on 3 July 1643. He was killed on 16 June 1646, during the
Battle of Orbetello The Battle of Orbetello, also known as the Battle of Isola del Giglio, was a major naval engagement of the Franco-Spanish War of 1635. It was fought on 14 June 1646 off the Spanish-ruled town of Orbetello, on the coast of Tuscany, Italy, betwee ...
, where his fleet was defeated. His remains were buried in the church of Milly le Meugon, abutted to the castle walls.


Honours

Three ships were named in his honour: see French ship ''Maillé Brézé'' *46-gun ship of the line
Brézé Brézé () is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Bellevigne-les-Châteaux.* Maillé-Brézé (named Brézé until January 1931), a Vauquelin class destroyer destroyed in the accidental explosion of one of her torpedoes on 30 April 1940 in
Greenock, Scotland Greenock (; sco, Greenock; gd, Grianaig, ) is a town and administrative centre in the Inverclyde council area in Scotland, United Kingdom and a former burgh within the historic county of Renfrewshire, located in the west central Lowlands o ...
* Maillé-Brézé (D627), T 47 class destroyer, presently a museum


Sources


Les bâtiments ayant porté le nom de Maillé-BrézéFind a Grave
* , vol. 26 * La Bruyère, René, ''La marine de Richelieu; Maillé-Brézé, général des galères, grand amiral (1619-1646)'', Plon, Paris, 1945, 245 pages. 1619 births 1646 deaths People from Maine-et-Loire French Navy admirals Dukes of Fronsac 17th-century peers of France Military personnel of the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) {{France-mil-bio-stub