Portrait of Jean Achard by Henri Ding-MG 866-IMG 1058-gradient

Jean Alexis Achard () (17 April 1807 – 2 October 1884) was a French painter.

Biography

Born in

Voreppe Voreppe () is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France. It is part of the Grenoble urban unit (agglomeration).Museum of Grenoble The Museum of Grenoble (french: Musée de Grenoble) is a municipal museum of Fine Arts and antiquities in the city of Grenoble in the Isère region of France. Located on the left bank of the Isère River, place Lavalette, it is known both for it ...

. He then attended the free municipal school of Grenoble, and met the Lyon school painters who gave him his first tutelage. Isidore Dagnan was his teacher from 1824 to 1830. At 27, he moved to Paris and copied the

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

masters at the

Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's most-visited museum, and an historic landmark in Paris, France. It is the home of some of the best-known works of art, including the ''Mona Lisa'' and the ''Venus de Milo''. A central l ...

He made an expedition organized by the St. Simonians and thus lived in

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...

between 1835 and 1837 with his friend

Victor Sappey Victor Sappey (11 February 1801, Grenoble - 23 March 1856), also known as Pierre-Victor Sappey, was a French sculptor. Career In 1824, Sappey worked in Rogge's workshop in Paris before living in Egypt for two years with his friend Jean Achard and ...

. He bought landscapes and genre scenes when he came back to France. Thus, he exhibited at the

Salon (Paris) The Salon (french: Salon), or rarely Paris Salon (French: ''Salon de Paris'' ), beginning in 1667 was the official art exhibition of the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Between 1748 and 1890 it was arguably the greatest annual or biennial art ...

in 1838, ''Vue prise aux environs du Caire'', and then regularly thereafter, as in 1843 with ''Vue de la vallée de Grenoble''. In 1846, he attended the

Barbizon School The Barbizon school of painters were part of an art movement towards Realism in art, which arose in the context of the dominant Romantic Movement of the time. The Barbizon school was active roughly from 1830 through 1870. It takes its name f ...

and became friends with the painters

Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot ( , , ; July 16, 1796 – February 22, 1875), or simply Camille Corot, is a French landscape and portrait painter as well as a printmaker in etching. He is a pivotal figure in landscape painting and his vast ...

Théodore Rousseau Étienne Pierre Théodore Rousseau (April 15, 1812December 22, 1867) was a French painter of the Barbizon school. Life Youth He was born in Paris, France in a bourgeois family. At first he received a basic level of training, but soon displaye ...

Charles-François Daubigny Charles-François Daubigny ( , , ; 15 February 181719 February 1878) was a French painter, one of the members of the Barbizon school, and is considered an important precursor of impressionism. He was also a prolific printmaker, mostly in etchin ...

and

Narcisse Virgilio Díaz Narcisse Virgilio Díaz de la Peña (20 August 180718 November 1876) was a French painter of the Barbizon school. Early life Diaz was born in Bordeaux to Spanish parents. At the age of ten, Diaz became an orphan, and misfortune dogged his early y ...

, on whom he had a certain influence and who taught him to paint in the pattern of the Paris region. He also stayed in

Auvers-sur-Oise Auvers-sur-Oise (, literally ''Auvers on Oise'') is a commune in the department of Val-d'Oise, on the northwestern outskirts of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris. It is associated with several famous artists, the most promine ...

for a while. Between 1858 and 1859, he lived in

Honfleur Honfleur () is a commune in the Calvados department in northwestern France. It is located on the southern bank of the estuary of the Seine across from le Havre and very close to the exit of the Pont de Normandie. The people that inhabit Honf ...

and lived in the Saint-Siméon farm, with

Eugène Boudin Eugène Louis Boudin (; 12 July 18248 August 1898) was one of the first French landscape painters to paint outdoors. Boudin was a marine painter, and expert in the rendering of all that goes upon the sea and along its shores. His pastels, summa ...

and

Claude Monet Oscar-Claude Monet (, , ; 14 November 1840 – 5 December 1926) was a French painter and founder of impressionist painting who is seen as a key precursor to modernism, especially in his attempts to paint nature as he perceived it. During ...

. He became sick and suffered thru serious financial difficulties, he retired in 1870 in Grenoble, where he died in 1884. He is buried at

Saint Roch Cemetery Saint Roch Cemetery (french: Cimetière Saint-Roch) is the first municipal cemetery in the city of Grenoble, France. It was blessed by the bishop of Grenoble Claude Simon on 19 August 1810.According to web site of Association Saint-Roch ! Vous a ...

Works

Paintings

Achard is known for his paintings of

Dauphiné The Dauphiné (, ) is a former province in Southeastern France, whose area roughly corresponded to that of the present departments of Isère, Drôme and Hautes-Alpes. The Dauphiné was originally the Dauphiné of Viennois. In the 12th centu ...

landscapes, which earned him the title of "master of the landscape in Dauphiné". He is the creator of the École dauphinoise, whose notable members were Laurent Guétal,

Ernest Victor Hareux Ernest Victor Hareux (18 February 1847, Paris - 16 February 1909, Grenoble) was a French painter of landscapes and Genre art, genre scenes. Biography He displayed a talent for drawing at the age of ten, and studied with several well known arti ...

Charles Bertier Charles Alexandre Bertier (1 October 1860 – 26 July 1924) was a French landscape painter. Biography His family owned a glove making business. He entered the "Petit Séminaire du Rondeau", where he studied design with Laurent Guétal, who ...

and a few others. Several works by Achard are kept at the Museum of Grenoble, including ''Paysage, vue de Saint-Egrève (près de Grenoble)'' and ''La chaumière''. His other works can be seen in Paris at the

, the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Chambéry, the Musée du Château de

Fontainebleau Fontainebleau (; ) is a commune in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located south-southeast of the centre of Paris. Fontainebleau is a sub-prefecture of the Seine-et-Marne department, and it is the seat of the ''arrondissement ...

Prints

Achard was also a renowned printmaker, with over sixty

etching Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. In modern manufacturing, other chemicals may be used on other types ...

s. His first prints were created after his paintings (for a large dissemination of his works), and cover major horizons. Thereafter, he focused on more local views of woodlands.

Pupils

Henri Harpignies Henri-Joseph Harpignies (; June 28, 1819 – August 28, 1916) was a French people, French Landscape art, landscape painter of the Barbizon school. Life He was born at Valenciennes. His parents intended for him to pursue a business career, but ...

was his pupil''Le sentiment de la Montagne'', Glénat / Musée de Grenoble, 1998, () when he was in Paris. But after his comeback in Grenoble, his influence was considerable, especially on Laurent Guétal, Charles Bertier and Édouard Brun, who eagerly followed his advice. He was a teacher and an adviser for the generation of young Dauphiné painters in

Proveysieux Proveysieux () is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France. Population See also *Communes of the Isère department *Néron (Isère) The Néron is a mountain in the Departments of France, French department of Isère at 1,29 ...

, including Théodore Ravanat, Jacques Gay, Henri Blanc-Fontaine.

Legacy

Jean Achard sur son lit de mort parJules Bernard

Achard was widely represented in his friends and students' works, including : *

(several ink or pencil drawings, Library of Grenoble) * Eugene Faure (Museum of Grenoble) *

Henri Ding Henri Marius Ding (30 June 1844 – 1898) was a French sculptor. Henri Ding was born in Grenoble. His most famous work is the ''Fontaine des trois ordres'' (''Fountain of the three orders'') on the place Notre-Dame in Grenoble. It paid tribute to ...

(sculpture, Museum of Grenoble) * Henri Blanc-Fontaine * Jacques Gay (pencil drawing,

Musée dauphinois The ''Musée dauphinois'' (Dauphinois Museum), located in Grenoble (France), is dedicated to the ethnography, archaeology, history and society of the former province of the Dauphiné. Situated above the neighbourhood of Saint-Laurent in the listed ...

) * (Paris, Musée de l'Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris) *

(1867 watercolor, representing Achard,

Johan Barthold Jongkind Johan Barthold Jongkind (3 June 1819 – 9 February 1891) was a Dutch painter and printmaker. He painted marine landscapes in a free manner and is regarded as a forerunner of Impressionism. Biography Jongkind was born in the town of Lattro ...

, Emile van Marcke and

) * (Achard on his deathbed)

Exhibitions

* ''Jean Achard peintures'', Museum of Grenoble, 1984-1985 * ''Trois maîtres du paysage dauphinois au XIXe siècle'', Jean Achard, Laurent Guétal, Charles Bertier, Museum of Grenoble, 2005-2006 * ''Jean Achard, un paysagiste à l'école de la nature'', Musée Hébert de

La Tronche La Tronche () is a commune in the Isère department, southeastern France. It is part of the Grenoble urban unit (agglomeration).Pierre Cabanne and Gerald Schurr, Amateur editions, 2003 () * '' Jean Achard, un paysagiste à l'école de la nature'', Laurence Huault-Nesme, Glénat, 2008 () * ''Grenoble, visions d'une ville, Peintures, Dessins, Estampes'',

Musée de l'Ancien Évêché The Musée de l'Ancien Évêché (Museum of the Former Bishopric) is a departmental museum located in Grenoble, France and dedicated to the Isère heritage through the history of its Bishop's palace. Inaugurated in 1998, it is settled in the forme ...

, Glénat editions, () * ''Le Dauphiné et les peintres, une source d'inspiration'', Maurice Wantellet, Le dauphiné libéré editions * ''Le sentiment de la Montagne'', Glénat / Musée de Grenoble, 1998, ()

References

External links

Works by Jean Achard (under his name Jean Alexis) on ''Culture.gouv.fr''

Works by Jean Achard (under his name Jean) on ''Culture.gouv.fr''

Portrait of Achard by Blanc-Fontaine
{{DEFAULTSORT:Achard, Jean 1807 births 1884 deaths People from Voreppe 19th-century French painters French male painters French printers 19th-century French businesspeople 19th-century French male artists