The Jayatu Sanskritam movement begin in 1947 AD(BS 2004), started by

student A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution. In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementar ...

s of the Tin Dhara Pakshala

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...

School in

Nepal Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mai ...

. They demanded

democracy Democracy (From grc, δημοκρατία, dēmokratía, ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation (" direct democracy"), or to choose gov ...

, basic

welfare Welfare, or commonly social welfare, is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter. Social security may either be synonymous with welfare, or refer specificall ...

, and the inclusion of modern subjects in their

curriculum In education, a curriculum (; : curricula or curriculums) is broadly defined as the totality of student experiences that occur in the educational process. The term often refers specifically to a planned sequence of instruction, or to a view ...

. It was the first student

uprising Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established authority. A rebellion originates from a sentiment of indignation and disapproval of a situation and ...

in Nepal's history, and led to the

Revolution of 1951 The revolution of 1951 () in Kingdom of Nepal, Nepal, also referred to as Sat Salko Kranti, was a political movement against the direct rule by the Rana dynasty of Nepal which had lasted for 104 years. It marks the beginning of the political awak ...

and the fall of the

Rana dynasty Rana dynasty ( ne, राणा वंश, IAST=Rāṇā vaṃśa , ) is a Chhetri dynasty that imposed totalitarianism in the Kingdom of Nepal from 1846 until 1951, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead and making Prime Minister and other ...

. Started by students of the Tin Dhara Pakshala hostel, and later also included students at a Rajkiya Sanskrit Vidyalaya school near the

Ranipokhari Rani Pokhari ( ne, रानी पोखरी; lit. queen's pond), originally known as Nhu Pukhu ( new, न्हू पुखू; lit. new pond), is a historic artificial pond located in the heart of Kathmandu, Nepal. The square-shaped tan ...

; the protests centred around restrictions on education, as the only subject allowed in the Sanskrit schools was the study of

. This contrasted with the wider educational opportunities and higher status of students related to the ruling Rana clan. The protestors became known for the

slogan A slogan is a memorable motto or phrase used in a clan, political slogan, political, Advertising slogan, commercial, religious, and other context as a repetitive expression of an idea or purpose, with the goal of persuading members of the publi ...

they would call, ''jayatu Sanskritam'' ("victory to the cause of Sanskrit"). On 1 June 1947, the students submitted a written demand to Prime Minister Padma Shumsher requesting courses in geography, history, economics and political science. When the government ignored their demands, the students went on strike. The students continued to agitate for educational and social equality, including waving anti-Rana flags in protest. The strike lasted until 15 June, when the government agreed to expand the curriculum offered to the students. Although the protests were placated by promises from Prime Minister

Padma Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana Field Marshal His Highness Shree Shree Shree Maharaja Sir Padma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana ( ne, पद्म शम्शेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा) (5 December 1882 – Calcutta, India, 11 April 1961) was the hered ...

, his military commander-in-chief

Mohan Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana Field-Marshal Shree Shree Shree Maharaja Sir Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana ( ne, मोहन शम्शेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा), GCB, GCIE, GBE (23 December 1885 – 6 January 1967) was the prime minister a ...

ordered arrests and imprisonments, and forcefully

deported Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people from a place or country. The term ''expulsion'' is often used as a synonym for deportation, though expulsion is more often used in the context of international law, while deportation ...

forty-two students, who were identified as leaders of the movement. From India, many of these exiles joined

Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala ( ne, विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइराला; 8 September 1914 – 21 July 1982), (Nepali: 1971 B.S. Bhadra 24 - 2039 B.S Shrawan 6)better known as B. P. Koirala ( ne, बीपी ...

and others agitating for the establishment of democracy in Nepal, which led to the 1951 revolution and the overthrow of the regime.

Leaders of the movement

Ram Prasad Neupane was born in the

Ramechhap District Ramechhap District ( ne, रामेछाप जिल्ला), a part of Bagmati Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia. The district, known as wallo Kirat Ramechhap, with Manthali ...

of Nepal. He studied Sanskrit in Sanskrit Pradhan, Paathsaala, Ranipokhari and stayed at the Tin Dhara Paakshala hostel in

Durbar Marg Durbar Marg or Durbarmarg ( ne, दरबारमार्ग; informally known as ''King's way'') is a broad, long avenue in the Nepali capital, Kathmandu. It can be considered the heart of the city, akin to the Champs Elysées and the chief ave ...

Kathmandu , pushpin_map = Nepal Bagmati Province#Nepal#Asia , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = Bagmati Prov ...

, Nepal. He was exiled with other leaders for protesting against the

Rana regime Rana dynasty ( ne, राणा वंश, IAST=Rāṇā vaṃśa , ) is a Chhetri dynasty that imposed totalitarianism in the Kingdom of Nepal from 1846 until 1951, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead and making Prime Minister and other ...

. Other leaders included: *

Rajeshwor Devkota Rajeshwor Devkota ( ne, राजेश्वर देवकोटा; 8 October 1929 – 10 August 2015) was a Nepalese politician and writer. He was elected into the National Panchayat for several terms and has also served as the speaker, an ...

* Kashinath Gautam * Sribhadra Sharma Khanal (from Tanahun) * Parasuram Pokhrel * Purna Prasad Brahman * Kamal Raj Regmi * Gokarna Shastri

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jayatu Sanskritam Rana regime 1947 in Nepal Conflicts in 1947 Student protests Nepalese democracy movements