Jaya Harivarman I (? – 1167) was a Cham noble and King of

Champa Champa ( Cham: ꨌꩌꨛꨩ; km, ចាម្ប៉ា; vi, Chiêm Thành or ) were a collection of independent Cham polities that extended across the coast of what is contemporary central and southern Vietnam from approximately the 2nd ...

. Rising to power during the 12th Century Khmer–Cham wars, he spent much of his rule consolidating his control over Champa. He was succeeded by his son, Jaya Harivarman II.

Biography

During the early to mid 12th century, the Kingdom of Champa and Khmer Empire intermittently warred over territory and influence in Southeast Asia. In 1145, Khmer king Suryavarman II invaded Champa, occupied the capital city of Vijaya, and deposed the Cham king, Jaya Indravarman III.Golzio, Karl-Heinz. "New Perspectives on the Bayon?." ''Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft'' 159, no. 1 (2009): 71-80. The Khmer Empire also placed a puppet ruler, Harideva I, on the Cham throne and looted much of the country.Higham, C., 2001, The Civilization of Angkor, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson,

ISBN The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier that is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency. An ISBN is assigned to each separate edition an ...

9781842125847 p. 120 Following the invasion, many Chams rose in revolt against the Khmer-supported king. During the revolt, Harivarman, known as his formal name Sivänandana, a noble from Panduranga, became the de-facto leader of the rebel forces. In 1147, he defeated a Khmer army occupying Champa, forcing Suryavarman to send Khmer reinforcements to the kingdom; however, Suryavarman died between 1145 and 1150 (possibly while leading this second army in 1149), greatly weakening Khmer power in the region. In either 1149 or 1150, Harivarman and his forces defeated and killed Harideva I, with Harivarman being crowned as King Jaya Harivarman I soon after. As king, he forced the second Khmer expedition to retreat from Champa in 1150, though according to some sources the conflict against the Khmers continued until 1160. Following his ascension to the throne, Harivarman I spent much of his rule consolidating his control over Champa. Facing threats from the Vietnamese kingdom of

Đại Việt Đại Việt (, ; literally Great Việt), often known as Annam ( vi, An Nam, Chữ Hán: 安南), was a monarchy in eastern Mainland Southeast Asia from the 10th century AD to the early 19th century, centered around the region of present-day ...

, he married his daughter to the Vietnamese ruler in 1152. In 1150 he defeated the combined army of Dai Viet lend troops and his rebelling brother-in-law Vamsaraja's forces at the

Battle of Mỹ Sơn During the climax of the Khmer–Cham wars, a battle had been fought between king Jaya Harivarman I of Champa against his rebelling brother-in-law Vamsaräja somewhere near Mỹ Sơn, Central Vietnam in 1150. After driving Khmer forces out of Vija ...

. In addition to his military campaigns, Harivarman refurbished the temple complex at Po Nagar. In religious imagery, Harivarman depicted himself as an avatar of the semi-divine Cham ancestor Uroja, and claimed to be a reincarnation of four previous kings. Though he fought against the Khmer for many years, he hosted the future Khmer king

Jayavarman VII Jayavarman VII, posthumous name of Mahaparamasaugata ( km, ជ័យវរ្ម័នទី៧, c. 1122–1218), was king of the Khmer Empire. He was the son of King Dharanindravarman II (r. 1150–1160) and Queen Sri Jayarajacudamani. He w ...

while he was in exile. Harivarman's rule ended, due to death or disappearance, in either 1162 or 1167. He was succeeded by his son, Jaya Harivarman II, who was quickly overthrown. After a succession crisis, Jaya Indravarman IV assumed the throne of Champa.

References

{{Kings of Champa Cham rulers 1167 deaths 12th-century Vietnamese monarchs