Jaun

Jaun (french: Bellegarde; frp, Bèlagouàrda ) is a municipality in the district of Gruyère in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It is the only German-speaking municipality in Gruyère.

History

Jaun is first mentioned in 1228 as ''Balavarda''. In 1397 it was mentioned as ''Youn''.

Geography

Jaun has an area, , of . Of this area, or 42.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 38.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 1.7% is settled (buildings or roads), or 0.8% is either rivers or lakes and or 16.1% is unproductive land.Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics
2009 data accessed 25 March 2010

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 0.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.0%. Out of the forested land, 33.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 5.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 5.3% is pastures and 37.1% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 0.3% is in lakes and 0.5% is in rivers and streams. Of the unproductive areas, 10.9% is unproductive vegetation and 5.2% is too rocky for vegetation.

The municipality is located in the Gruyère district, in the Jaun pass at an elevation of . It consists of the linear village of Jaun and the hamlets of Im Fang (french: La Villette), Kappelboden, Weibelsried, Zur Eich and a number of scattered farm houses.

The Jaun Pass connects it with Boltigen in the canton of Bern.

Coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is ''Sable a Saltire Argent.''

Demographics

Jaun has a population () of . , 3.5% of the population are resident foreign nationals.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008
accessed 19 June 2010 Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of -5.7%. Migration accounted for -6.6%, while births and deaths accounted for 1.3%.
accessed 28-November-2011

Most of the population () speaks German (621 or 89.5%) as their first language, French is the second most common (68 or 9.8%) and Serbo-Croatian is the third (2 or 0.3%).

, the population was 51.7% male and 48.3% female. The population was made up of 332 Swiss men (49.5% of the population) and 15 (2.2%) non-Swiss men. There were 313 Swiss women (46.6%) and 11 (1.6%) non-Swiss women.Canton of Fribourg Statistics
accessed 3 November 2011 Of the population in the municipality, 524 or about 75.5% were born in Jaun and lived there in 2000. There were 75 or 10.8% who were born in the same canton, while 53 or 7.6% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 26 or 3.7% were born outside of Switzerland.

, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 30.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 50.6% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 19.3%.

, there were 307 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 341 married individuals, 37 widows or widowers and 9 individuals who are divorced.STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000
accessed 2 February 2011

, there were 254 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.7 persons per household. There were 72 households that consist of only one person and 41 households with five or more people. , a total of 247 apartments (70.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 87 apartments (24.8%) were seasonally occupied and 17 apartments (4.8%) were empty.Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen
accessed 28 January 2011 , the construction rate of new housing units was 1.4 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 1.11%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

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bar:1831 from:start till:424 text:"424"
bar:1850 from:start till:547 text:"547"
bar:1860 from:start till:668 text:"668"
bar:1870 from:start till:728 text:"728"
bar:1880 from:start till:877 text:"877"
bar:1888 from:start till:843 text:"843"
bar:1900 from:start till:825 text:"825"
bar:1910 from:start till:802 text:"802"
bar:1920 from:start till:854 text:"854"
bar:1930 from:start till:751 text:"751"
bar:1941 from:start till:784 text:"784"
bar:1950 from:start till:851 text:"851"
bar:1960 from:start till:828 text:"828"
bar:1970 from:start till:689 text:"689"
bar:1980 from:start till:685 text:"685"
bar:1990 from:start till:698 text:"698"
bar:2000 from:start till:694 text:"694"
bar:2010 from:start till:686 text:"686"

Notable people

* Anton Cottier, Swiss politician

Politics

In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 41.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (24.1%), the FDP (10.7%) and the SP (7.5%).Canton of Fribourg National Council Election of 23 October 2011 Statistics
accessed 3 November 2011

The SVP improved their position in Jaun rising to first, from second in 2007 (with 25.8%) The CVP moved from first in 2007 (with 53.1%) to second in 2011, the FDP moved from below fourth place in 2007 to third and the SPS moved from third in 2007 (with 5.8%) to fourth. A total of 253 votes were cast in this election, of which 7 or 2.8% were invalid.

Economy

, Jaun had an unemployment rate of 0.9%. , there were 85 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 30 businesses involved in this sector. 86 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 10 businesses in this sector. 53 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 20 businesses in this sector. There were 287 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 35.2% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 170. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 51, of which 47 were in agriculture and 5 were in forestry or lumber production. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 81 of which 26 or (32.1%) were in manufacturing and 53 (65.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 38. In the tertiary sector; 3 or 7.9% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 4 or 10.5% were in the movement and storage of goods, 18 or 47.4% were in a hotel or restaurant, 4 or 10.5% were the insurance or financial industry, 1 was a technical professional or scientist, 5 or 13.2% were in education.

, there were 23 workers who commuted into the municipality and 118 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 5.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb
accessed 24 June 2010 Of the working population, 9.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 61% used a private car.

Religion

From the , 626 or 90.2% were Roman Catholic, while 32 or 4.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.29% of the population). There were 7 (or about 1.01% of the population) who were Islamic. 8 (or about 1.15% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 19 individuals (or about 2.74% of the population) did not answer the question.

Weather

Jaun has an average of 151.5 days of rain or snow per year and on average receives of precipitation. The wettest month is June during which time Jaun receives an average of of rain or snow. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 15.2 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is May, with an average of 15.5, but with only of rain or snow. The driest month of the year is October with an average of of precipitation over 9 days., the Jaun weather station elevation is 1030 meters above sea level.

Education

In Jaun about 172 or (24.8%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 30 or (4.3%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a ''Fachhochschule''). Of the 30 who completed tertiary schooling, 73.3% were Swiss men, 16.7% were Swiss women.

The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.Chart of the education system in Canton Fribourg

During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 96 students attending 7 classes in Jaun. A total of 121 students from the municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 15 students in the municipality. The municipality had 3 primary classes and 55 students. During the same year, there were 3 lower secondary classes with a total of 26 students. There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 3 upper Secondary students and 23 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality. The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes. who attended classes in another municipality.

, there were 47 students from Jaun who attended schools outside the municipality.

References

External links

*

{{Authority control

Municipalities of the canton of Fribourg