''Estampes'' ("Prints"), L.100, is a composition for solo piano by

Claude Debussy (Achille) Claude Debussy (; 22 August 1862 – 25 March 1918) was a French composer. He is sometimes seen as the first Impressionist composer, although he vigorously rejected the term. He was among the most influential composers of the ...

. It was finished in 1903. The first performance of the work was given by Ricardo Viñes at the

Société Nationale de Musique Lactalis is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier SA. Lactalis is the largest dairy products group in the world, and is the sec ...

in Paris. This three-movement piano suite is impressionistic.

Structure

''Estampes'' is a

suite Suite may refer to: Arts and entertainment *Suite (music), a set of musical pieces considered as one composition ** Suite (Bach), a list of suites composed by J. S. Bach ** Suite (Cassadó), a mid-1920s composition by Gaspar Cassadó ** ''Suite' ...

containing three movements:

I. ''Pagodes''

''Pagodes'' evokes Indonesian gamelan music, which Debussy first heard in the Paris World Conference Exhibition of 1889. It makes extensive use of pentatonic scales and mimics traditional Indonesian melodies. Four different pentatonic scales are incorporated within the piece, further defining the imagery of the pagoda. Pagodas are Oriental temples with petite bases that give rise to ornate roofs that typically curve upwards, much like the ascending melodic line (G, C, D) which serves as a repeated motive through different portions of the piece. As this is an Impressionistic work, the goal is not overt expressiveness but instead an emphasis on the wash of color presented by the texture of the work. Debussy marks in the text that "''Pagodes''" should be played "''presque sans nuance''", or "almost without nuance." This rigidity of rhythm helps to reduce the natural inclination of pianists to add rubato and excessive expression.

II. ''La soirée dans Grenade''

''La soirée dans Grenade'' uses the Arabic scale and mimics guitar

strumming In music, strumming is a way of playing a stringed instrument such as a guitar, ukulele, or mandolin. A strum or stroke is a sweeping action where a finger or plectrum brushes over several Strings (music), strings to generate sound. On most st ...

to evoke images of

Granada Granada (,, DIN 31635, DIN: ; grc, Ἐλιβύργη, Elibýrgē; la, Illiberis or . ) is the capital city of the province of Granada, in the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Granada is located at the fo ...

, Spain. At the time of its writing, Debussy's only personal experience with the country was a few hours spent in San Sebastián de los Reyes near Madrid. Despite this, the Spanish composer Manuel de Falla said of the movement: "There is not even one measure of this music borrowed from the

Spanish folklore Folklore of Spain encompasses the folklore, folktales, oral traditions, and (urban) legends of Spain. Folktales * The Bird of Truth * The Knights of the Fish * The Sprig of Rosemary * The Vain Little Mouse * The Water of LifeMaspons y Labró ...

, and yet the entire composition in its most minute details, conveys admirably Spain."Schmitz, Robert E. ''The Piano Works of Claude Debussy''. New York: Duyell, Sloan and Pearce Publishers, 1950. pp 85-86.

III. ''Jardins sous la pluie''

''Jardins sous la pluie'' describes a garden in the Normandy town of

Orbec Orbec () is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. Population International relations Orbec is twinned with: *Kingsteignton UK since 1979 *Frammersbach (Germany) since 1987 See also *Communes of t ...

during an extremely violent rainstorm. Throughout the piece, there are sections that evoke the sounds of the wind blowing, a thunderstorm raging, and raindrops dropping. It makes use of the French folk melodies "''Nous n'irons plus aux bois''" and "''Dodo, l'enfant do.''" Chromatic, whole tone, major and minor scales are used in this movement.

References

External links

* Suites by Claude Debussy Compositions for solo piano 1903 compositions {{classical-composition-stub