The Janina coal mine is a large mine in the south of

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

in Libiąż,

Lesser Poland Voivodeship Lesser Poland Voivodeship or Lesser Poland Province (in pl, województwo małopolskie ), also known as Małopolska, is a voivodeship (province), in southern Poland. It has an area of , and a population of 3,404,863 (2019). It was created on 1 ...

, 350 km south-west of the capital,

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

. The mine has been erected by ''Compagnie Galicienne de Mines'', a French mining company, in 1907. Between 1921 and 1939 the Janina mine was under management of its Polish chief executive,

Zygmunt Szczotkowski Zygmunt Franciszek Szczotkowski (17 September 1877All dates in this article, unless specified otherwise, are written according to the New Style in Warsaw – 9 February 1943 in Bieżanów) was a Polish mining engineer and the first Polish manager ...

. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

it was repurposed into one of the German

Nazi concentration camps From 1933 to 1945, Nazi Germany operated more than a thousand concentration camps, (officially) or (more commonly). The Nazi concentration camps are distinguished from other types of Nazi camps such as forced-labor camps, as well as concen ...

. After the war the Janina mine was nationalizated, as all enterprises with over 50 employees had been at that time. Janina represents one of the largest

coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dea ...

reserve in Poland having estimated reserves of 841 million tonnes of

. The annual coal production is around 2.8 million tonnes.

References

External links

* Coal mines in Poland Chrzanów County {{Poland-geo-stub