Jan Willem Pieneman (; 4 November 1779 – 8 April 1853) was a
painter
Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ai ...
from the
Northern Netherlands
The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...
.
Biography
Jan Willem Pieneman was born on 4 November 1779 in Abcoude in the
Dutch Republic
The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...
(present-day
Netherlands
)
, anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands
, established_title = Before independence
, established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
RKD
The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis), previously Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD), is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center i ...
In 1805 he was appointed as drawing instructor at the artillery and engineering training centre in
Amersfoort
Amersfoort () is a city and municipality in the province of Utrecht, Netherlands, about 20 km from the city of Utrecht and 40 km south east of Amsterdam. As of 1 December 2021, the municipality had a population of 158,531, making it the second- ...
. He was particularly noted for his paintings depicting events from the history of the
United Kingdom of the Netherlands
The United Kingdom of the Netherlands ( nl, Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden; french: Royaume uni des Pays-Bas) is the unofficial name given to the Kingdom of the Netherlands as it existed between 1815 and 1839. The United Netherlands was cr ...
.
His fame was established by a painting he did at the
Villa Welgelegen
Villa Welgelegen is a historical building in Haarlem, the Netherlands, which currently houses the offices of the provincial executives of North Holland. Located at the north end of a public park in the city, it is an example of neoclassical ar ...
, depicting the heroic acts of the
Prince of Orange
Prince of Orange (or Princess of Orange if the holder is female) is a title originally associated with the sovereign Principality of Orange, in what is now southern France and subsequently held by sovereigns in the Netherlands.
The title ...
at the
Battle of Quatre Bras
The Battle of Quatre Bras was fought on 16 June 1815, as a preliminary engagement to the decisive Battle of Waterloo that occurred two days later. The battle took place near the strategic crossroads of Quatre Bras and was contested between ele ...
, followed by a painting of the
Battle of Waterloo
The Battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday 18 June 1815, near Waterloo, Belgium, Waterloo (at that time in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, now in Belgium). A French army under the command of Napoleon was defeated by two of the armie ...
. The latter found favor with the
Duke of Wellington
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and Tory statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as prime minister of ...
, who invited him to England, on several occasions, to do portraits.
In 1820 he was appointed as first director of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten) in
Amsterdam
Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...
, a position he held until his death. He also served as an assistant director at the "Koninklijk Kabinet" (now the
Mauritshuis
The Mauritshuis (; en, Maurice House) is an art museum in The Hague, Netherlands. The museum houses the Royal Cabinet of Paintings which consists of 854 objects, mostly Dutch Golden Age paintings. The collection contains works by Johannes Vermeer ...
). From 1844 to 1847 he was director of the
Rijksmuseum
The Rijksmuseum () is the national museum of the Netherlands dedicated to Dutch arts and history and is located in Amsterdam. The museum is located at the Museum Square in the borough of Amsterdam South, close to the Van Gogh Museum, the St ...
which at that time was still housed in the
Trippenhuis
The Trippenhuis is a neoclassical canal mansion in the centre of Amsterdam. It was built in 1660–1662 for the wealthy Amsterdam weapons traders Louis and Hendrick Trip. Many references to weaponry can be seen on its facade. Since 1887 it has be ...
.
He played an important role as mentor and tutor to a group of young artists, one of whom was
Jozef Israëls
Jozef Israëls (27 January 1824 – 12 August 1911) was a Dutch painter. He was a leading member of the group of landscape painters referred to as the Hague School and, during his lifetime, "the most respected Dutch artist of the second half o ...
Gijsbertus Craeyvanger
Gijsbertus Craeyvanger (21 October 1810 in Utrecht – 17 July 1875 in Amsterdam), was a 19th-century painter from the Dutch Republic.
Biography
He was born in Utrecht, and had one brother, Reinier Craeyvanger.Reinier Craeyvanger
Reinier Craeyvanger (February 29, 1812 in Utrecht – January 10, 1880 in Amsterdam), was a 19th-century Dutch painter and etcher who was also a gifted musician.
Biography
He was born in Utrecht as the younger brother of Gijsbertus and later be ...
,
Johannes Hinderikus Egenberger
Johannes Hinderikus Egenberger, originally Joannes Henricus (28 April 1822 – 14 May 1897), was a Dutch painter, photographer and art educator.
Biography
Born into a military family in Arnhem, he received his first drawing lessons from his u ...
,
Petrus Franciscus Greive
Petrus Franciscus Greive (25 March 1811 in Amsterdam – 4 November 1872 in Amsterdam) was a Dutch painter and lithographer.
Biography
He studied with Jean Augustin Daiwaille, Jan Willem Pieneman and Christiaan Julius Lodewijk Portman (1799– ...
,
Lambertus Johannes Hansen
Lambertus Johannes Hansen (12 August 1803, Staphorst – 21 April 1859, Amsterdam) was a 19th-century Dutch painter.
Biography
According to the RKD he was the son of the cityscape painter Carel Lodewijk Hansen and the brother of Carel II (bo ...
,
Louis Meijer
Johan Hendrik Louis Meijer (9 March 1809 – 31 March 1866) was a Dutch painter, etcher, lithographer, and draftsman.Nicolaas Pieneman
Nicolaas Pieneman (; 1 January 1809 – 30 December 1860) was a Dutch painter, art collector, lithographer, and sculptor.
Biography
Nicolaas Pieneman was born on 1 January 1809 in Amersfoort in the Kingdom of Holland. He was the son of painte ...
File:Allegorie op de dood van Willem V, prins van Oranje, 1806 Rijksmuseum SK-A-4268.jpeg, ''Allegory on the death of
William V, Prince of Orange
William V (Willem Batavus; 8 March 1748 – 9 April 1806) was a prince of Orange and the last stadtholder of the Dutch Republic. He went into exile to London in 1795. He was furthermore ruler of the Principality of Orange-Nassau until his death in ...
'' (1806)
File:De zelfopoffering van predikant Hambroeck op Formosa, 1662 Rijksmuseum SK-A-4269.jpeg, ''The Self-Sacrifice of Pastor
Antonius Hambroek
Antonius Hambroek (1607 – 21 July 1661) was a Dutch missionary to Formosa from 1648 to 1661, during the Dutch colonial era. Prior to working in Formosa, Hambroek was a minister in Schipluiden between 1632 and 1647.
History
He was killed by Ko ...
on Formosa'' (1810)
File:De Slag bij Waterloo Rijksmuseum SK-A-1115.jpeg, ''The Battle of Waterloo'' (detail, 1824), showing, e.g., the
Duke of Wellington
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and Tory statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as prime minister of ...
Prince of Orange
Prince of Orange (or Princess of Orange if the holder is female) is a title originally associated with the sovereign Principality of Orange, in what is now southern France and subsequently held by sovereigns in the Netherlands.
The title ...
File:Jan Willem Pieneman01.jpg, ''The
Triumvirate
A triumvirate ( la, triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political institution ruled or dominated by three individuals, known as triumvirs ( la, triumviri). The arrangement can be formal or informal. Though the three leaders in a triumvirate are ...
Assuming Power on behalf of the Prince of Orange'' (1828)
File:General D H Chassé.jpg, ''Portrait of General
David Hendrik Chassé
David Hendrik, Baron Chassé (Tiel, 18 March 1765 – Breda, 2 May 1849) was a Dutch soldier who fought both for and against Napoleon. He commanded the Third Netherlands Division that intervened at a crucial moment in the Battle of Waterloo. In ...
'' (1832)
File:Jacob Hobein (1810-1888). Redder der Nederlandse vlag onder vijandelijk vuur, 18 maart 1831 Rijksmuseum SK-A-1371.jpeg, ''Portrait of '' (1832)
File:Jonkheer Jan Willem Janssens (1762-1838). Gouverneur van de Kaapkolonie en gouverneur-generaal van Nederlands Oost Indië Rijksmuseum SK-A-2219.jpeg, ''Portrait of
Jan Willem Janssens
Jonkheer Jan Willem Janssens GCMWO (12 October 1762 – 23 May 1838) was a Dutch nobleman, soldier and statesman who served both as the governor of the Dutch Cape Colony and governor-general of the Dutch East Indies.
Early life
Born in Nijme ...
'' ( 1815–1838)
File:Agatha Petronella Hartsen (1814-78). In bruidstoilet ter gelegenheid van haar huwelijk met Jan van der Hoop op 17 maart 1841 Rijksmuseum SK-A-4123.jpeg, ''Portrait of Agatha Petronella Hartsen'' (1841)
File:Carel Joseph Fodor.jpg, ''Portrait of Carel Joseph Fodor'' (1848)
File:Pieter Merkus (1787-1844). Gouverneur-generaal (1841-44) Rijksmuseum SK-A-3801.jpeg, ''Portrait of
Pieter Merkus
Pieter Merkus (18 March 1787 – 2 August 1844) was a Dutch colonial administrator and Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1841 to 1844. He also served as governor of the Molucca Islands.Jan Willem Pieneman on
Artnet
Artnet.com is an art market website. It is operated by Artnet Worldwide Corporation, which has headquarters in New York City, in the United States, and is owned by Artnet AG, a German publicly traded company based in Berlin that is listed on t ...