James Francis Jewell Archibald (September 22, 1871 – May 29, 1934) was an American war correspondent. He was the first man wounded in the

Spanish–American War , partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence , image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg , image_size = 300px , caption = (clock ...

. He was embedded with German troops in

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

and was arrested when he returned to the United States.

Biography

He was born on September 22, 1871, in

Chautauqua County, New York Chautauqua County is the westernmost County (United States), county in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. As of the United States Census 2020, 2020 census, the population was 127,657. Its county seat is Mayville, New York, Mayville, an ...

to Dr. Francis Albert Archibald and Martha Washington Jewell. He graduated from

Ohio Wesleyan University Ohio Wesleyan University (OWU) is a private liberal arts college in Delaware, Ohio. It was founded in 1842 by methodist leaders and Central Ohio residents as a nonsectarian institution, and is a member of the Ohio Five – a consortium ...

in 1888. By 1910 he was living in

Washington, DC ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan ...

. He was detained by the British in

and was found to be carrying a letter from Constantin Theodor Dumba, the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to the United States to

Stephan Burián von Rajecz Count Stephan Burián von Rajecz ( hu, rajeczi gróf Burián István) (16 January 1851 – 20 October 1922), commonly called: "Baron von Burian" or, later, "Count Burian" in English language press reports; (titles from 1900, ''Freiherr''; from 19 ...

, the

Minister for Foreign Affairs A foreign affairs minister or minister of foreign affairs (less commonly minister for foreign affairs) is generally a cabinet minister in charge of a state's foreign policy and relations. The formal title of the top official varies between coun ...

in Vienna. The letter described a plan to delay the production of American munitions by a

strike action Strike action, also called labor strike, labour strike, or simply strike, is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to Labor (economics), work. A strike usually takes place in response to grievance (labour), employee grievance ...

. He was charged with performing an "unneutral service" and later released. His wife filed for divorce in 1927. He committed suicide with a gunshot on May 29, 1934, in

Hollywood, California Hollywood is a neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. Its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the U.S. film industry and the people associated with it. Many notable film studios, such as Columbia Pictures, ...

Publication

''Blue Shirt and Khaki a Comparison'' (1901)

Footnotes

External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Archibald, James Francis Jewell 1871 births 1934 suicides American war correspondents Suicides by firearm in California Ohio Wesleyan University alumni People from Chautauqua County, New York Writers from Washington, D.C.