The Jamanxim National Park ( pt, Parque Nacional do Jamanxim) is a national park in the state of

Pará Pará is a state of Brazil, located in northern Brazil and traversed by the lower Amazon River. It borders the Brazilian states of Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas and Roraima. To the northwest are the borders of Guyana ...

, Brazil.

Location

The Jamanxim National Park covers of Amazon rainforest. It is in parts of the municipalities of

Altamira Altamira may refer to: People *Altamira (surname) Places * Cave of Altamira, a cave in Cantabria, Spain famous for its paintings and carving *Altamira, Pará, a city in the Brazilian state of Pará * Altamira, Huila, a town and municipality in ...

Itaituba Itaituba is a city and municipality located in the state of Pará, Brazil, and one of the most important socioeconomic centers in the western region of the State. Location Itaituba is the fifteenth largest city (by population) in the State of ...

and Trairão in the state of Pará. The Trairão National Forest lies to the north. The park mostly lies in the Jamanxim-Xingu depression, with relatively flat terrain ranging from in altitude. The Southern Pará plateau rises to . Two small areas of the Tapajós Plateau in the west contain hills rising from . The park contains the sub-basins of the Jamanxim,

Tocantins Tocantins () is one of the 26 states of Brazil. It is the newest state, formed in 1988 and encompassing what had formerly been the northern two-fifths of the state of Goiás. Tocantins covers and had an estimated population of 1,496,880 in 20 ...

and Aruri rivers within the

Tapajós The Tapajós ( pt, Rio Tapajós ) is a river in Brazil. It runs through the Amazon Rainforest and is a major tributary of the Amazon River. When combined with the Juruena River, the Tapajós is approximately long. It is one of the largest clearw ...

basin. It also holds very small parts of the Ratão and Iriri basins. Average annual rainfall is . Temperatures range from with an average of . Vegetation includes open rainforest with vines and palms trees, dense submontane rainforest with emergent canopy and dense alluvial rainforest with uniform canopy. The trees include species with high timber value that are subject to intense exploitation pressure and are important for conservation of Amazonian biodiversity. They include species such as

Hymenaea courbaril ''Hymenaea courbaril'', the courbaril or West Indian locust, is a tree common in the Caribbean, Central America, and South America. It is a hardwood that is used for furniture, flooring, and decoration. Its hard fruit pods have edible dry pulp ...

, Cedrela odorata,

Manilkara huberi ''Manilkara huberi'', also known as masaranduba, níspero, and sapotilla, is a fruit bearing plant of the genus '' Manilkara'' of the family Sapotaceae. Geographical distribution ''Manilkara huberi'' is native to large parts of northern South Am ...

Dipteryx odorata ''Dipteryx odorata'' (commonly known as "cumaru", "kumaru", or "Brazilian teak") is a species of flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae. The tree is native to Central America and northern South America and is semi-deciduous. Its seeds are kn ...

, Dinizia excelsa,

Handroanthus impetiginosus ''Handroanthus impetiginosus'', the pink ipê, pink lapacho or pink trumpet tree, is a tree in the family Bignoniaceae, distributed throughout North, Central and South America, from northern Mexico south to northern Argentina. It is the national ...

Minquartia guianensis ''Minquartia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Olacaceae family containing the single species ''Minquartia guianensis'' (also called black manwood or huambula). It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Frenc ...

and

Copaifera reticulata ''Copaifera'' is a genus of tropical plants in the legume family Fabaceae. The scientific name means "copal-bearer" (or more accurately, ''copaiba''-bearer), since economically important resins and essential oils can be acquired from them. They ...

. Species with value other than timber include

Aspidosperma carapanauba ''Aspidosperma'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1824. It is native to South America, Central America, southern Mexico, and the West Indies The West Indies is a subregion of North ...

Carapa guianensis ''Carapa guianensis'' is a species of tree in the family Meliaceae, also known by the common names andiroba or crabwood. Description Andiroba is native to the Amazon and is widely used by the indigenous populations of the northern region o ...

and

Brazil nut The Brazil nut (''Bertholletia excelsa'') is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and it is also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds. It is one of the largest and longest-lived trees in the Amazon rainforest. ...

(Bertholletia excelsa).

Conservation

The park is classified as

IUCN protected area category IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The enlisting of such areas is par ...

II (national park), so has the purpose of preserving natural ecosystems of great ecological relevance and scenic beauty, enabling the conduct of scientific research, development of educational activities and environmental interpretation, and supporting recreation in contact with nature and ecological tourism. It was created by decree on 13 February 2006, and is administered by the

Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (Portuguese: ''Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade'', ICMBio) is the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment's administrative arm."Brazilian Federal Law 11.516/2007 (Por ...

(ICMBio). The conservation unit is supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program. Protected species in the park include the Jaguar (''Panthera onca'') and

Giant otter The giant otter or giant river otter (''Pteronura brasiliensis'') is a South American carnivorous mammal. It is the longest member of the weasel family, Mustelidae, a globally successful group of predators, reaching up to . Atypical of muste ...

(''Pteronura brasiliensis'').

Notes

Sources

* * * * {{authority control 2006 establishments in Brazil National parks of Brazil Protected areas of Pará Protected areas established in 2006