Jakob Heinrich Hermann Schwartz (3November 182130October 1890) was a German obstetrician and

gynecologist Gynaecology or gynecology (see spelling differences) is the area of medicine that involves the treatment of women's diseases, especially those of the reproductive organs. It is often paired with the field of obstetrics, forming the combined area ...

. He was the father of classical philologist Eduard Schwartz (1858–1940). Schwartz was born in Neuenkirchen, near Itzehoe. He studied medicine at the University of Halle under

Peter Krukenberg Peter Krukenberg (14 February 1787 – 13 December 1865) was a German pathologist who was a native of Königslutter. He was son-in-law to anatomist Johann Christian Reil (1759–1813), and grandfather to pathologist Friedrich Ernst Krukenberg (187 ...

and at the University of Kiel as a pupil of

Bernhard von Langenbeck Bernhard Rudolf Konrad von Langenbeck (9 November 181029 September 1887) was a German surgeon known as the developer of Langenbeck's amputation and founder of ''Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery''. Life He was born at Padingbüttel, and recei ...

and

Gustav Adolf Michaelis Gustav Adolf Michaelis (9 July 1798 – 8 August 1848) was a German obstetrician who was a native of Kiel. He was the founder and establisher of the Michaelis’ Rhomboid. Biography Education and Career Gustav Adolf Michaelis was born on the 9 ...

. In 1847 he received his medical doctorate at Kiel with the thesis "''De neonatorum pemphigo''". From 1848 to 1851 he served as a physician with the

Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein (; da, Slesvig-Holsten; nds, Sleswig-Holsteen; frr, Slaswik-Holstiinj) is the northernmost of the 16 states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Sch ...

army, then afterwards returned to Kiel as an assistant to

Carl Conrad Theodor Litzmann Carl Conrad Theodor Litzmann (7 October 1815 – 24 February 1890) was a German obstetrician and gynecologist born in Gadebusch, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. He studied medicine in Halle, Würzburg and Berlin. In 1845 became an assoc ...

. In 1852 he obtained his

habilitation Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in many European countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excellence in research, teaching and further education, usually including a ...

for obstetrics, and in 1859 relocated to

Marburg Marburg ( or ) is a university town in the German federal state (''Bundesland'') of Hesse, capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district (''Landkreis''). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has a population of approximate ...

as a professor and director of the university ''Frauenklinik''. In 1862 he succeeded

Eduard Caspar Jacob von Siebold Eduard Caspar Jacob von Siebold (19 March 1801 – 27 October 1861) was a German professor of gynecology. He worked at Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Marburg and University of Göttingen. Life and career Von Siebold was born 19 Mar ...

as director of the clinic for obstetrics and gynecology at the

University of Göttingen The University of Göttingen, officially the Georg August University of Göttingen, (german: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, known informally as Georgia Augusta) is a public research university in the city of Göttingen, Germany. Founded ...

. Here he remained up until his retirement in 1888, his replacement being Max Runge. While working as a ''

privatdozent ''Privatdozent'' (for men) or ''Privatdozentin'' (for women), abbreviated PD, P.D. or Priv.-Doz., is an academic title conferred at some European universities, especially in German-speaking countries, to someone who holds certain formal qualific ...

'' at the University of Kiel he conducted important research on fetal respiration in utero, publishing the treatise "''Die vorzeitigen Athembewegungen''" (1858) as a result. In 1876 he performed the first

ovariotomy Oophorectomy (; from Greek , , 'egg-bearing' and , , 'a cutting out of'), historically also called ''ovariotomy'' is the surgical removal of an ovary or ovaries. The surgery is also called ovariectomy, but this term is mostly used in reference t ...

using

aseptic Asepsis is the state of being free from disease-causing micro-organisms (such as pathogenic bacteria, viruses, pathogenic fungi, and parasites). There are two categories of asepsis: medical and surgical. The modern day notion of asepsis is deriv ...

safeguards at the Göttingen ''Frauenklinik''. Schwartz died in

Göttingen Göttingen (, , ; nds, Chöttingen) is a college town, university city in Lower Saxony, central Germany, the Capital (political), capital of Göttingen (district), the eponymous district. The River Leine runs through it. At the end of 2019, t ...

Published works

* ''Die vorzeitigen Athembewegungen: Ein Beitrag Zur Lehre Von Den Einwirkungen Des Geburtsactes Auf Die Frucht'' (1858) – Early respiratory movements, a contribution to the study on the influence of labor upon the fetus. * ''Beitrag zur Geschichte des Fötus in Fötu'' (1860) – Contribution to the history of the fetus in

fetal growth Prenatal development () includes the development of the embryo and of the fetus during a viviparous animal's gestation. Prenatal development starts with fertilization, in the germinal stage of embryonic development, and continues in fetal deve ...

. * ''Jakob Heinrich Hermann Schwartz, der Frauenarzt 1821-1890'', by Dietrich Tetzlaff (1949).Jakob Heinrich Hermann Schwartz, der Frauenarzt 1821-1890
Google Books

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Schwartz, Jakob Heinrich Hermann 1821 births 1890 deaths People from Itzehoe University of Kiel alumni Academic staff of the University of Marburg Academic staff of the University of Göttingen University of Halle alumni German obstetricians German gynaecologists