Jahula 1945

Jahula ( ar, جاحولا) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Safad Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine on May 1, 1948, by the Palmach's First Battalion of Operation Yiftach. It was located 11 km northeast of Safad.

In 1945, the village had a population of 420. The village had one mosque and a shrine for a local sage known as al-Shaykh Salih.

Location

Jahula was situated near the Tiberias— Al-Mutilla highway, in the foothills.

History

The Jahula area had been occupied from the seventh through the third millennium B.C., according to archaeological excavations conducted in 1986.Khalidi, 1992, p.457 Pottery remains from the Roman and Byzantine periods have been found in the area.

Ottoman era

Jahula was recorded in the Ottoman census of 1596 as belonging to the ''nahiya'' (subdistrict) of Jira, part of Safad Sanjak, and at the time it had 5 Muslim households; an estimated population of 28 inhabitants. They paid a fixed tax rate of 20% on crops such as wheat and barley, and reared goats, bees, and water buffalos. Total revenue was 1,550 akçe.

In 1838, it was noted as a village in the Safad district, while in 1875 Victor Guérin report passing through the village (which he called ''Kharbet Djaouleh''), finding only a few of the houses inhabited.

In 1881, the PEF's ''Survey of Western Palestine'' found at ''Ain Jahula'' "a large perennial spring, with a stream flowing to the march of the Huleh; a large supply of good water".

The villagers of Jahula were predominantly Muslim. Their mosque, about 1 km north of the village, was the location of a shrine to Shaykh Salih.

Most villagers were engaged in agriculture, and a spring on the north side of the village supplied water. Some villagers worked in quarries north of the village.

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, ''Jahula'' had a population of 214; all Muslims,Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Safad, p
41
/ref> increasing in the 1931 census to 357; still all Muslims, in a total of 90 houses.Mills, 1932, p
107
/ref>

In the 1945 statistics Jahula had a population of 420 Muslims, with 3,869 dunums of land, according to an official land and population survey. 1,626 dunums were allocated to grain farming,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p
119
/ref> while 64 dunams were classified as urban land.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p
169
/ref>

1948, and aftermath

Jahula was depopulated during the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine on May 1, 1948, by the Palmach's First Battalion of Operation Yiftach.Esber, 2008, p.391, village #158 Benny Morris writes that the cause of depopulation is unknown, while the American Historian Rosemarie Esber gives as depopulation cause: "Direct mortar attacks on civilians, siege, shooting at fleeing Arabs".

Presently, the Israeli Kibbutz of Yiftach is northwest of the village site; there are no settlements on village lands.

Of the village site the Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi wrote in 1992: "The only remains of the destroyed village are a few stone terraces. The site is enclosed by barbed wire, and cactuses and trees grow on it. The village spring is still in use by Israelis. Parts of the village land are planted in cotton and watermelons, while other parts are wooded and hilly."

References

Bibliography

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External links

Welcome To JahulaJahula
Zochrot
Jahula
Villages of Palestine
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 4
IAAWikimedia commons
from the Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center
{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War

Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War
District of Safad