Jagat Sundar Malla (1882 - 1952) () was a Nepalese teacher and writer who dedicated his life to the education of the common people.. Malla opened a school in his home defying government repression as the

Rana Rana may refer to: Astronomy * Rana (crater), a crater on Mars * Delta Eridani or Rana, a star People, groups and titles * Rana (name), a given name and surname (including a list of people and characters with the name) * Rana (title), a histori ...

regime disapproved of any move to spread modern education. He stressed the importance of learning English, and he wrote and published textbooks in Nepalese languages as he believed that children learn faster if they are taught in their mother tongue. He is honored as one of the

Four Pillars of Nepal Bhasa Four Pillars of Nepal Bhasa ( ne, नेपालभाषाका चार स्तम्भ, Newar: नेपाल भाषाया प्यंगः थां) are the four leaders who spearheaded the campaign to revive the Newar lang ...

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Early life

Malla Malla may refer to: Places ;Bolivia *Malla, Bolivia, a locality * Malla Jawira, a river * Malla Jaqhi, a mountain * Malla Municipality * Malla Qullu, a mountain ;India * Mallapuram, Tamil Nadu *Malla (tribe), an ancient republic, one of the s ...

was born in Khauma,

Bhaktapur , motto = ne, पुर्खले सिर्जेको सम्पत्ती, हाम्रो कला र संस्कृति , lit=Creation of our ancestors, our heritage and culture , image_map ...

to father Bishnu Dhar and mother Jagat Laxmi. He moved to Asan,

Kathmandu , pushpin_map = Nepal Bagmati Province#Nepal#Asia , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = Bagmati Prov ...

at the age of 10 to enroll at

Durbar High School Durbar High School () or Bhanu Higher Secondary School, opened in 1854 is the oldest modern school in Nepal located near Rani Pokhari, Kathmandu. The school was originally built to teach sons of Ranas exclusively but was opened to public citizens i ...

, the only modern educational institution in the country. After class 10 at Durbar High School, Malla went to

Kolkata Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, comme ...

where he studied up to the entrance level at Scottish Church School. He was married to Janak Laxmi Malla.

Career

Malla established a school at Khauma, Bhaktapur in 1913 where he taught English in Nepal Bhasa. In 1916, Malla and his young brother Padma Sundar Malla went to Japan for higher education which was unavailable in Nepal. He returned to India leaving Padma Sundar in Japan as there wasn't enough money for both of them. In the midst of

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, Malla was arrested upon his arrival by the British Indian government on the suspicion of being a spy. He was imprisoned in Darbhanga for one and a half years, and freed after the Nepal government confirmed that he was a Nepalese citizen. Malla returned to Nepal in 1917, and was grounded by the government for having left the country without an official permit. Despite the mental stress, Malla kept teaching and writing textbooks.

Works

Among Malla's notable works are * ''English-Nepal Bhasa-English Dictionary'' * ''Aesopan Dayekatahgu Bakhan'' (Nepal Bhasa translation of ''

Aesop's Fables Aesop's Fables, or the Aesopica, is a collection of fables credited to Aesop, a slave and storyteller believed to have lived in ancient Greece between 620 and 564 BCE. Of diverse origins, the stories associated with his name have descended to ...

'' published in 1915) * ''English Grammar in Parbatiya'' * ''Gorkhali Angrezi First Book'' * ''Nepali Angrezi First Book (Nepal Bhasa)''.

Legacy

On 25 October 1992, a statue was erected in his honor in Bhaktapur by Bhaktapur Municipality. Jagat Sundar Bwonekuthi, a Nepal Bhasa-medium school named after him, opened in Kathmandu in 1991. A street in the historic section of Kathmandu was named Jagat Sundar Marg by

Kathmandu Metropolitan City , pushpin_map = Nepal Bagmati Province#Nepal#Asia , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = Bagmati Provi ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Malla, Jagat Sundar 1882 births 1952 deaths Newar people People from Bhaktapur Nepalese male writers Nepalese educators Newar-language writers Nepal Bhasa movement Founders of educational institutions 20th-century Nepalese educators Durbar High School alumni