Père-Lachaise - Division 24 - Cellerier 01

Jacques Cellerier (1742–1814) was a French architect in the neoclassical style whose buildings can be seen mainly in Paris and

Dijon Dijon (, , ) (dated) * it, Digione * la, Diviō or * lmo, Digion is the prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department and of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in northeastern France. the commune had a population of 156,920. The earlies ...

Life

Born in Dijon, son of innkeepers, a student of , to whom he was related, he continued his training at the

Académie royale d'architecture The Académie Royale d'Architecture (; en, "Royal Academy of Architecture") was a French learned society founded in 1671. It had a leading role in influencing architectural theory and education, not only in France, but throughout Europe and th ...

. Together with his friend the sculptor

Jean-Antoine Houdon Jean-Antoine Houdon (; 20 March 1741 – 15 July 1828) was a French neoclassical sculptor. Houdon is famous for his portrait busts and statues of philosophers, inventors and political figures of the Enlightenment. Houdon's subjects included De ...

, he was pensionnaire du Roi in Rome before being appointed engineer of the

Généralité ''Recettes générales'', commonly known as ''généralités'' (), were the administrative divisions of France under the Ancien Régime and are often considered to prefigure the current ''préfectures''. At the time of the French Revolution, there ...

of Paris. His work was mainly focused on private mansions and theatres. A supporter of the

Lumières The Lumières (literally in English: ''The Lights'') was a cultural, philosophical, literary and intellectual movement beginning in the second half of the 17th century, originating in western Europe and spreading throughout the rest of Europe. It ...

, he drew the imposing funeral chariot that carried the ashes of his friend

Voltaire François-Marie Arouet (; 21 November 169430 May 1778) was a French Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher. Known by his ''Pen name, nom de plume'' M. de Voltaire (; also ; ), he was famous for his wit, and his ...

to the

Panthéon The Panthéon (, from the Classical Greek word , , ' empleto all the gods') is a monument in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. It stands in the Latin Quarter, atop the , in the centre of the , which was named after it. The edifice was b ...

in 1791. In 1790, he made the drawings for the triumphal arch of the

Champ-de-Mars The Champ de Mars (; en, Field of Mars) is a large public greenspace in Paris, France, located in the seventh ''arrondissement'', between the Eiffel Tower to the northwest and the École Militaire to the southeast. The park is named after the ...

for the

Fête de la Fédération The (Festival of the Federation) was a massive holiday festival held throughout France in 1790 in honour of the French Revolution, celebrating the Revolution itself, as well as National Unity. It commemorated the revolution and events of 1789 ...

. In 1800, on the occasion of the celebration of the Treaty of Mortefontaine between France and the U.S, he proceeded to the restoration of the theatre of the . In 1807,

Napoleon I Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...

charged him with the task of erecting a monument to the glory of his victories over the English and Russians. He was finally replaced for this project by

Jean-Antoine Alavoine Jean-Antoine Alavoine (4 January 1778 – 15 November 1834) was a French architect best known for his column in the Place de la Bastille, Paris (1831–1840), the July Column to memorialize those fallen in the Revolution of 1830. The column, cons ...

. In 1812, Napoleon entrusted him with the project of building a palace of the Archives, the first stone of which was laid on August 15, Saint Napoleon's Day, the Emperor being in the middle of the

Russian campaign The French invasion of Russia, also known as the Russian campaign, the Second Polish War, the Army of Twenty nations, and the Patriotic War of 1812 was launched by Napoleon Bonaparte to force the Russian Empire back into the continental block ...

in front of Smolensk. This palace of the Archives was to be located in the new administrative district designed by the Emperor and was to face the Palace of the King of Rome, at one of the four ends of the Champ de Mars, at the east and along the river Seine. Its realization was to be entrusted to Cellerier. The events of 1815 and the fall of the Empire, however, put an end to this project, which remained unfinished. In 1813, he used again the

gothic Gothic or Gothics may refer to: People and languages *Goths or Gothic people, the ethnonym of a group of East Germanic tribes **Gothic language, an extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths **Crimean Gothic, the Gothic language spoken b ...

style for the first time since the completion of the Cathédrale Sainte-Croix d'Orléans, at the

Basilica of Saint-Denis The Basilica of Saint-Denis (french: Basilique royale de Saint-Denis, links=no, now formally known as the ) is a large former medieval abbey church and present cathedral in the commune of Saint-Denis, a northern suburb of Paris. The building ...

, which was endowed with a richly decorated Gothic chapel. Cellerier also built a neoclassical winter choir.

Gallery

File:Dijon Theatre JPM.jpg, Opera de Dijon. File:Hotel ESMONIN de DAMPIERRE.jpg, Hôtel Esmonin de Dampierre in Dijon. File:Dijon - Hôtel Chartraire de Montigny-1.jpg, Hôtel Chartraire de Montigny in Dijon. File:TheatreVarietes.jpg,

Théâtre des Variétés The Théâtre des Variétés is a theatre and "salle de spectacles" at 7–8, boulevard Montmartre, 2nd arrondissement, in Paris. It was declared a monument historique in 1974. History It owes its creation to the theatre director Mademoiselle ...

, circa 1820. File:Projet pour le Palais des Archives de l'Empire-Archives-nationales-AE-II-3809.jpg, Project for the Palais des Archives in 1812. File:Eléphant Bastille Etude.jpg,

Elephant of the Bastille The Elephant of the Bastille was a monument in Paris which existed between 1813 and 1846. Originally conceived in 1808 by Napoléon I, the colossal statue was intended to be created out of bronze and placed in the Place de la Bastille, but only ...

, initial project of 1809.

Realisations

In Paris

Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique The Théâtre de l’Ambigu-Comique (, literally, Theatre of the Comic-Ambiguity), a former Parisian theatre, was founded in 1769 on the boulevard du Temple immediately adjacent to the Théâtre de Nicolet. It was rebuilt in 1770 and 1786, but in ...

boulevard du Temple The Boulevard du Temple, formerly nicknamed the "Boulevard du Crime", is a thoroughfare in Paris that separates the 3rd arrondissement from the 11th. It runs from the Place de la République to the Place Pasdeloup, and its name refers to the ne ...

(1769) * Hôtel de Verrière, rue Verte-Saint-Honoré (1774) * Hôtel of Mme d'Épinay, rue de la Chaussée-d'Antin (1776-1777) * House of Duke of Laval,

boulevard du Montparnasse The Boulevard du Montparnasse is a two-way boulevard in Montparnasse, in the 6th, 14th and 15th arrondissements in Paris. Situation The boulevard joins the place Léon Paul Fargue and place Camille Jullian. The Tour Montparnasse and plac ...

(1777) * Hôtel built for Cousin de Méricourt at 19

boulevard Poissonnière A boulevard is a type of broad avenue planted with rows of trees, or in parts of North America, any urban highway. Boulevards were originally circumferential roads following the line of former city walls. In American usage, boulevards may ...

. Cellerier lived in. * La maison du

prince de Soubise Within the French nobility, the title of "Prince of Soubise" was created in 1667 when the '' sirerie'' of Soubise, Charente-Maritime was raised to a principality for the cadet branch of the House of Rohan. The first prince was François de Rohan (1 ...

, rue de l'Arcade (1787-1788) *

, boulevard Montmartre (1806-1807). * Restoration of the

Porte Saint-Denis The Porte Saint-Denis ( en, St. Denis Gate) is a Parisian monument located in the 10th arrondissement, at the site of one of the gates of the Wall of Charles V, one of Paris' former city walls. It is located at the crossing of the Rue Saint-De ...

(1807)

In Dijon

* , rue Vannerie (trésorier des États de Bourgogne) (1779). * Grand Théâtre de Dijon, place du Théâtre. Cellerier only started it because his first stone was laid in 1810, but the work was suspended from 1811 to 1822. They resumed under the direction of the Parisian architect Vallot; the monument was completed in 1828 * , rue de la Préfecture

In Maisons-Alfort

* Development of the school known as the Royal Veterinary School of Alfort, currently

École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort The National veterinary school of Alfort ( or ''ENVA'') is a French public institution of scientific research and higher education in veterinary medicine, located in Maisons-Alfort, Val-de-Marne, close to Paris. It is operated under the superv ...

In Compiègne

* Former prison (1773-1778)

In Tremblay-en-France

* Rehabilitation of the Saint-Médard church (1781)

In Châtenay-en-France

* Saint-Martin Church (1784-1787).

In Saint-Germain-en-Laye

* Modification of the

manhole A manhole (utility hole, maintenance hole, or sewer hole) is an opening to a confined space such as a shaft, utility vault, or large vessel. Manholes are often used as an access point for an underground public utility, allowing inspection, m ...

of Hennemont in

Saint-Germain-en-Laye Saint-Germain-en-Laye () is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris, from the centre of Paris. Inhabitants are called ''Saint-Germanois'' or ''Saint-Ge ...

(1787).

References

External links

Biographie

Coupe sur la longueur de la salle de spectacles de Dijon, 3rd project, 1787, watercolor plan by Jacques Cellerier