HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Jacqueline Walker (born 10 April 1954) is a British political activist and writer. She has been a teacher and anti-racism trainer. She is the author of a family memoir, '' Pilgrim State'', and the co-writer and performer of a one-woman show, '' The Lynching''. She held the roles of Vice-Chair of South Thanet
Constituency Labour Party __NOTOC__ A constituency Labour Party (CLP) is an organisation of members of the British Labour Party who live in a particular parliamentary constituency. In England and Wales, CLP boundaries coincide with those for UK parliamentary constituenc ...
and Vice-Chair of Momentum before being suspended and ultimately expelled from the party for misconduct.


Background

Walker has described her family background in both her family memoir, ''Pilgrim State'', and her play, ''The Lynching'' as being of mixed
Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
and African descent. According to Walker, her mother, Dorothy Brown, was a black Jamaican Sephardi Jew who was descended partly from a Portuguese Jew who came to the
West Indies The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea that includes 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies and other territories in three major archipelagos: the Greate ...
during the days of
Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus * lij, Cristoffa C(or)ombo * es, link=no, Cristóbal Colón * pt, Cristóvão Colombo * ca, Cristòfor (or ) * la, Christophorus Columbus. (; born between 25 August and 31 October 1451, died 20 May 1506) was a ...
, and a female slave who converted to
Judaism Judaism ( he, ''Yahăḏūṯ'') is an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and ethnic religion comprising the collective religious, cultural, and legal tradition and civilization of the Jewish people. It has its roots as an organized religion in t ...
on marriage. Born in Kingston, Jamaica, in 1915, she won a scholarship to study medicine in the United States, where she married and had a daughter, giving up her studies. In 1949, she was committed temporarily to a mental institution, where was on occasion held in isolation, placed in a straitjacket and subjected to ECT treatment, by her husband, who was seeking to end the relationship. Her eldest daughter was put into care and was ultimately fostered while her second child was returned to her on her release. Later, her mother attempted to retrieve her elder daughter but without success. Released, and active in the
civil rights movement The civil rights movement was a nonviolent social and political movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 in the United States to abolish legalized institutional racial segregation, discrimination, and disenfranchisement throughout the Unite ...
, she met Walker's Ashkenazi Jewish father, Jack Cohen, whose family fled
anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism. Antis ...
around 1918 and came to New York, where he became a jeweller. Walker was born in
Harlem Harlem is a neighborhood in Upper Manhattan, New York City. It is bounded roughly by the Hudson River on the west; the Harlem River and 155th Street on the north; Fifth Avenue on the east; and Central Park North on the south. The greater Ha ...
,
Manhattan Manhattan (), known regionally as the City, is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state ...
, New York City in 1954. In 1956, her mother, with Walker and her step brother, were deported to Jamaica, which Walker attributes to McCarthyism. There, racial discrimination barred her mother from many jobs, and she had to leave her children with relatives for months while she travelled looking for work. In 1959, Walker's mother, with her children, moved to London. Her mother suffered from periods of severe depression since her 30s, as well as physical illness in later life. Family life was characterised by abject poverty, cramped, squalid and chaotic living conditions and continual racist attacks, despite her mother's best efforts: as a result, Walker and her step brothers spent time in care homes or with foster families. She was the only black child in her primary school and suffered from racial bullying both at school and when in care. When Walker was 11, she witnessed the sudden death of her mother at the age of 50, after which Walker lived in care homes and was then permanently fostered.


Career

Walker was in the National Youth Theatre but, as she thought that as a black person she would get few roles, went instead to
Goldsmiths College Goldsmiths, University of London, officially the Goldsmiths' College, is a constituent research university of the University of London in England. It was originally founded in 1891 as The Goldsmiths' Technical and Recreative Institute by the Wo ...
and trained to become a teacher. In her first year, she married and had a baby, returning to her studies when her baby was six weeks old. She worked as a teacher at a pupil referral unit for emotionally and behaviourally disturbed young people. Walker completed an M. Phil, in which she examined the development of identity in the work of Black British writers. Having completed two
Arvon Foundation The Arvon Foundation is a charitable organisation in the United Kingdom that promotes creative writing. Arvon is one of Arts Council England's National Portfolio Organisations. Andrew Kidd is the Chief Executive Officer, Patricia Cumper is Cha ...
writing courses, she was awarded an Arts Council England grant to complete her family memoir '' Pilgrim State'', published by
Sceptre A sceptre is a staff or wand held in the hand by a ruling monarch as an item of royal or imperial insignia. Figuratively, it means royal or imperial authority or sovereignty. Antiquity Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia The '' Was'' and other ...
in April 2006. It was placed on the reading list of the social worker training course at
Brunel University London Brunel University London is a public research university located in the Uxbridge area of London, England. It was founded in 1966 and named after the Victorian engineer and pioneer of the Industrial Revolution, Isambard Kingdom Brunel. In June 1 ...
, where Walker gave bi-weekly lectures and was a member of the committee for social work training. She has been an anti-racist trainer and charity worker and has a long record of anti-racist activism and as a political activist. She has contributed to educational materials and written training manuals on anti-racism.


Labour Party

Walker joined the Labour Party in 1981. She was elected Vice-Chair of South Thanet Constituency Labour Party and played a leading role in the campaign there to prevent the election of the UKIP leader
Nigel Farage Nigel Paul Farage (; born 3 April 1964) is a British broadcaster and former politician who was Leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP) from 2006 to 2009 and 2010 to 2016 and Leader of the Brexit Party (renamed Reform UK in 2021) from 2 ...
in the 2015 general election. She was elected to Momentum's Steering Committee, becoming its vice-chair in September 2015 and is a member of
Jewish Voice for Labour Jewish Voice for Labour (JVL) is an organisation formed in 2017 for British Jews, Jewish members of the Labour Party (UK), UK Labour Party. Its aims include a commitment "to strengthen the party in its opposition to all forms of racism, includ ...
(JVL). She was expelled from Labour for "prejudicial and grossly detrimental behaviour against the party" on 27 March 2019. Walker retained her JVL membership, however.


First investigation

In Walker's Facebook account, a private discussion from February 2016 was recorded in which a friend of Walker had raised the question of 'the debt' owed to the Jews because of the Holocaust. In the discussion, Walker had responded: Her private comments were "uncovered" by the Israel Advocacy Movement which, it says, aims "to counter British hostility to Israel." ''
The Jewish Chronicle ''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the ...
'' published her comments on 4 May 2016 and notified the Labour Party about them. The Labour Party suspended her, pending investigation, on the same day that ''The Jewish Chronicle'' published its article. The Chair of Momentum,
Jon Lansman Jonathan Lansman (born 9 July 1957) is a British political activist. He is best known for having worked on Jeremy Corbyn's successful 2015 campaign for the leadership of the Labour Party and subsequently founded the pro-Corbyn organisation Mo ...
, addressing the criticism of Walker, referred to "a 'lynch mob' whose interest in combatting racism is highly selective". The investigation and accompanying suspension concluded after a few weeks with the decision that not to proceed with disciplinary action. In response to her critics, Walker said:
Dave Rich Dave Rich is Head of Policy at the Community Security Trust and is a leading expert on left-wing antisemitism, according to ''The Jewish Chronicle''.Nation of Islam's anti-Semitic views on the role of Jews in the slave trade. Walker's response has been that 'the Nation of Islam is an antisemitic group which seeks to set Jewish and Black people against each other. Any examination of my work, my writing, my life, would make clear my opposition to this ideology.'


Second investigation

During the September 2016
Labour Party Conference The Labour Party Conference is the annual conference of the British Labour Party. It is formally the supreme decision-making body of the party and is traditionally held in the final week of September, during the party conference season when th ...
, Walker attended a training session on antisemitism for party members held by the
Jewish Labour Movement {{Infobox organization , name = Jewish Labour Movement , pronounce = , nickname = , named_after = , logo = JewishLabourMovementLogo.png , image_border = , size ...
(JLM). Her remarks at the meeting led to her second investigation by the party. Jeremy Newmark, the chair of the JLM, said after the meeting that Walker had acted "to denigrate security provision at Jewish schools" when, at the meeting, she said "I was a bit concerned by your suggestion that the Jewish community is under such threat that it has to use security in all its buildings. I have a grandson, he is a year old. There is security in his nursery and every school has security now. It's not because I’m frightened or his parents are frightened that he is going to be attacked." After the meeting, she said "I did not raise a question on security in Jewish schools. The trainer raised this issue, and I asked for clarification, in particular, as all London primary schools, to my knowledge have security and I did not understand the particular point the trainer was making. Having been a victim of racism, I would never play down the very real fears the Jewish community have, especially in light of recent attacks in France." In the session, there was a discussion on the definition of antisemitism set out by the JLM, which included examples relating to Israel and which has been the subject of debate within the Labour Party. Walker said, in relation to the discussion, and speaking as an anti-racism trainer, "I still haven't heard a definition of antisemitism I can work with". Jeremy Newmark said that "I am appalled that somebody…would come to a training session designed to help party activists address antisemitism and use the occasion to challenge the legitimacy of the training itself". At the event, Walker queried what she saw as the limited scope of Holocaust Memorial Day, saying: 'Wouldn't it be wonderful if Holocaust Memorial Day was open to all peoples who've experienced holocaust.' When others shouted that it did include other genocides, she responded "In practice, it’s not actually circulated and advertised as such." Later, in an interview, she asked why Holocaust Memorial Day only concerns genocides committed since the 1940s, thereby excluding 'the African holocaust' during the slave trade. She has also said, following the meeting, "I would never play down the significance of the Shoah. Working with many Jewish comrades, I continue to seek to bring greater awareness of other genocides, which are too often forgotten or minimised. If offence has been caused, it is the last thing I would want to do and I apologise." A number of prominent left-wing activists have defended Walker, including film director
Ken Loach Kenneth Charles Loach (born 17 June 1936) is a British film director and screenwriter. His socially critical directing style and socialist ideals are evident in his film treatment of social issues such as poverty ('' Poor Cow'', 1967), homelessn ...
, who said she should be allowed to play a significant role in the party, and
Noam Chomsky Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American public intellectual: a linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian, social critic, and political activist. Sometimes called "the father of modern linguistics", Chomsky i ...
who said "I wholeheartedly support the right of anyone to criticise Israel without being branded antisemitic. That goes in particular for Jackie Walker." Facing a threat of losing support from the TSSA trades union, Momentum removed Walker as vice-chair, while retaining her as a Steering Committee member, with the Committee stating that, although it "does not regard any of the comments she appears to have made, taken individually, to be antisemitic, ... the Committee does consider her remarks on Holocaust Memorial Day and on security of Jewish schools to be ill-informed, ill-judged and offensive. In such circumstances, the Committee feels that Jackie should have done more to explain herself to mitigate the upset caused." The Committee stated that "Jackie should not be expelled from the Labour party." Later that month, Walker was suspended from the Labour Party pending investigation, for a second time, with Labour's
National Executive Committee National Executive Committee is the name of a leadership body in several organizations, mostly political parties: * National Executive Committee of the African National Congress, in South Africa * Australian Labor Party National Executive * Nationa ...
referring her case to the party's National Constitutional Committee. After Walker's party disciplinary hearing in relation to the investigation on 26 March 2019, Walker was expelled from the party the next day.


Talk shows and films

In March 2017, Glasgow Friends of Israel and Labour Against Antisemitism sought unsuccessfully to prevent her speaking on '' Palestine: Free Speech And Israel's "Black Ops"'' at Dundee University. A similar event at
Aberdeen University , mottoeng = The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom , established = , type = Public research universityAncient university , endowment = £58.4 million (2021) , budget ...
was cancelled after the invitation to speak was withdrawn. Labour Against Anti-Semitism described her talk as "part of an increasing normalisation of anti-Semitic hate speech that has to be confronted and eliminated" and that it "threatens the safety of Jewish students" and therefore the university was "failing in its duty of care". Walker responded that there was a difference between being pro-Palestine and anti-Zionist, and anti-Semitic, and that she and her partner were Jewish. Walker also performed in a one-woman show about her experience, '' The Lynching'', which she wrote in collaboration with Norman Thomas and premiered at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in August 2017. The Board of Deputies of British Jews wrote to
Edinburgh Council Edinburgh ( ; gd, Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian on the southern shore of ...
to express their concern that the show was being mounted on council owned facilities. They informed the council of the allegations made against Walker and that these allegations had resulted in her suspension from the Labour Party and the loss of her vice-chair role with Momentum. Walker interpreted this as an attempt to prevent the show going ahead. Walker was extensively interviewed in ''
The Lobby The terms the Lobby and Lobby journalists collectively characterise the political journalists in the United Kingdom Houses of Parliament. The term derives from the special access they receive to the Members' Lobby. Lobby journalism refers to t ...
'', the 2017 TV series by
Al Jazeera Al Jazeera ( ar, الجزيرة, translit-std=DIN, translit=al-jazīrah, , "The Island") is a state-owned Arabic-language international radio and TV broadcaster of Qatar. It is based in Doha and operated by the media conglomerate Al Jazeera ...
about some of the pro-Israel organisations and individuals active in the United Kingdom. In September 2018, the
Jewish Voice for Labour Jewish Voice for Labour (JVL) is an organisation formed in 2017 for British Jews, Jewish members of the Labour Party (UK), UK Labour Party. Its aims include a commitment "to strengthen the party in its opposition to all forms of racism, includ ...
sponsored a premiere of the documentary film ''The Political Lynching of Jackie Walker'' which was to have been presented while the
Labour Party Conference The Labour Party Conference is the annual conference of the British Labour Party. It is formally the supreme decision-making body of the party and is traditionally held in the final week of September, during the party conference season when th ...
was being held nearby. The audience of 200 people had to be evacuated after a bomb threat. In a statement, Jewish Voice for Labour said the film "is an incisive and chilling exposé of attempts to silence critics of Israel, in particular those who support the socialist project of Labour leader
Jeremy Corbyn Jeremy Bernard Corbyn (; born 26 May 1949) is a British politician who served as Leader of the Opposition and Leader of the Labour Party from 2015 to 2020. On the political left of the Labour Party, Corbyn describes himself as a socialist ...
. It connects the global struggle against racism and the far right with the Palestinian cause." Another film, on the accusations of antisemitism against Walker and others following the election of Jeremy Corbyn as leader of the Labour Party, entitled ''
Witch Hunt A witch-hunt, or a witch purge, is a search for people who have been labeled witches or a search for evidence of witchcraft. The classical period of witch-hunts in Early Modern Europe and Colonial America took place in the Early Modern perio ...
'', premiered in Broadstairs on 3 February 2019. In the same month, the Board of Deputies of British Jews complained to the Labour Party about Chris Williamson MP, for booking a room to enable the showing of the film in Parliament. A Labour spokeswoman said of Williamson's action: "It's completely inappropriate to book a room for an event about an individual who is suspended from the party and subject to ongoing disciplinary procedures." The screening was cancelled, which the film's promoters said was due to intimidation.


Activism and political views

As a young woman, Walker was active in the
anti-apartheid movement The Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM), was a British organisation that was at the centre of the international movement opposing the South African apartheid system and supporting South Africa's non-White population who were persecuted by the policie ...
. She is a supporter of Palestinian rights, a critic of Israeli policy towards Palestinians, and a supporter of the
Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) is a Palestinian-led movement promoting boycotts, divestments, and economic sanctions against Israel. Its objective is to pressure Israel to meet what the BDS movement describes as Israel's obligations ...
(BDS) movement. She is also a member of Jews for Justice for Palestinians and the
Palestine Solidarity Campaign The Palestine Solidarity Campaign (PSC) is an activist organisation in England and Wales. It was incorporated in the UK in 2004 as Palestine Solidarity Campaign Ltd. They officially support the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement ...
. Walker is a founding member of the Kent Anti-Racist Network and
Labour Against the Witchhunt Labour Against the Witchhunt (LAW) is a group formed in late 2017 to campaign against what it regards as politically motivated allegations of antisemitism in the UK Labour Party, which it calls a “witchhunt”. It also campaigns against what i ...
. She has said that "Opposition to a Jewish state is, and remains, a legitimate, honourable political position and one that many, including many Jews, have stood by for decades". In February 2019, she was elected to the board of the Labour Representation Committee. Walker supported
Jeremy Corbyn Jeremy Bernard Corbyn (; born 26 May 1949) is a British politician who served as Leader of the Opposition and Leader of the Labour Party from 2015 to 2020. On the political left of the Labour Party, Corbyn describes himself as a socialist ...
during his period as leader of the Labour Party. She said Corbyn had opposed racism, war, injustice and oppression all his life and called his leadership "the greatest challenge to the established political order the UK has seen for some time". She said the mainstream media and the right of the Labour Party had weaponised anti-Semitism to attack Corbyn.


Personal life

Walker has both American and British citizenship. When asked if she would describe herself as an anti-Zionist and not an anti-Semite, Walker said: "Yes. I certainly wouldn't call myself an anti-Semite as I am Jewish and my partner is Jewish." Walker was raised as a Catholic for part of her childhood. She has an elder sister, an elder brother and a younger brother. She has three children. In 2010, Walker moved from London to Broadstairs,
Kent Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties. It borders Greater London to the north-west, Surrey to the west and East Sussex to the south-west, and Essex to the north across the estuary of the River Thames; it faces ...
where she lives with her partner, the editor of ''
Labour Briefing ''Labour Briefing'' is a monthly political magazine produced by members of the British Labour Party. History and profile The magazine began in 1980 as ''London Labour Briefing''. The founders were the members of the Chartist Minority Tendency, ...
'', Graham Bash.


See also

*
The Lobby (TV series) ''The Lobby'' is a series of documentaries produced by Al Jazeera that investigate the influence of the Israel lobby in the United Kingdom and the Israel lobby in the United States and their relationship to the BDS movement. First series (''The L ...
*
Antisemitism in the UK Labour Party Allegations of antisemitism in the Labour Party of the United Kingdom (UK) have been made since Jeremy Corbyn was elected as leader of the party in September 2015. After comments by Naz Shah in 2014 and Ken Livingstone in 2016 resulted in t ...


References


External links

* *
Pilgrim State
' *
The Lynching
'
The Political Lynching of Jackie Walker
*
Witch hunt
'
Labour Against the WitchHuntInterview on anti-Semitism and the attacks on activists 21 May 2016Interview on Israel by Kate Oglesby on ''Mancunian Matters'' 22 January 2018Interview on definition of anti-Semitism ''Daily Politics'' 23 January 2018Debating the definition of anti-Semitism ''Noam Chomsky – The Responsibility of Intellectuals' conference, UCL'' February 2017The Lobby
{{DEFAULTSORT:Walker, Jackie 1954 births Living people American Ashkenazi Jews American emigrants to the United Kingdom American Sephardic Jews African-American Jews American people of Jamaican descent American people of Russian-Jewish descent American people of Portuguese-Jewish descent British women activists Jewish non-fiction writers Black British women writers British Jewish writers British women dramatists and playwrights Jewish anti-racism activists Jewish anti-Zionism in the United Kingdom Anti-Zionist Jews British socialists Jewish socialists Socialist feminists Schoolteachers from London British charity and campaign group workers 20th-century British women writers 21st-century British women writers 20th-century British non-fiction writers 21st-century British non-fiction writers Labour Party (UK) people Writers from London People from Harlem People from Broadstairs Alumni of Goldsmiths, University of London Black British schoolteachers