''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family

Solanaceae The Solanaceae , or nightshades, are a family of flowering plants that ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, lianas, epiphytes, shrubs, and trees, and includes a number of agricultural crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, and orn ...

, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Argentina and ten are endemic to the country.

Description

Most ''Jaborosa'' are rhizomatous perennial herbs except '' J. bergii'' and '' J. sativa'', which are annual or biennial.

Ecology

'' J. rotacea'' is pollinated by flies, and '' J. runcinata'' is pollinated by moths.

Sphingid moths The Sphingidae are a family of moths (Lepidoptera) called sphinx moths, also colloquially known as hawk moths, with many of their caterpillars known as “hornworms”; it includes about 1,450 species. It is best represented in the tropics, but ...

feed on the

nectar Nectar is a sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries or nectarines, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists ...

of '' J. integrifolia''.

Chemistry

Like plants in several other Solanaceae genera, many ''Jaborosa'' species contain

steroid A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration. Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and a ...

-derived compounds called

withanolide Withanolides are a group of at least 300 naturally occurring steroids built on an ergostane skeleton. They occur as secondary metabolites primarily in genera of the Nightshade family, for example in the tomatillo. Structurally, withanolides co ...

s. Many of the withanolides isolated from ''Jaborosa'' have been dubbed jaborosalactones. Some withanolides are phytotoxic, having effects on other plants such as inhibiting

germination Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or spore. The term is applied to the sprouting of a seedling from a seed of an angiosperm or gymnosperm, the growth of a sporeling from a spore, such as the spores of fungi, fer ...

and radicle growth. Some have antifeedant effects, deterring insects such as mealworms (''Tenebrio molitor''), the

Mediterranean fruit fly ''Ceratitis capitata'', commonly known as the Mediterranean fruit fly or medfly, is a yellow-and-brown fly native to sub-Saharan Africa. It has no near relatives in the Western Hemisphere and is considered to be one of the most destructive fr ...

(''Ceratitis capitata''), and the African cotton leafworm (''Spodoptera littoralis'') from consuming the plant.

Diversity

Species include:''Jaborosa''.
Solanaceae Source. Retrieved 6 July 2013. *''

Jaborosa ameghinoi ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Arge ...

'' *'' Jaborosa araucana'' *''

Jaborosa bergii ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Argen ...

'' *''

Jaborosa cabrerae ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Arge ...

'' *''

Jaborosa caulescens ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Argen ...

'' *'' Jaborosa chubutensis'' *''

Jaborosa integrifolia ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Argen ...

'' *'' Jaborosa kurtzii'' *'' Jaborosa lanigera'' *'' Jaborosa leucotricha'' *''

Jaborosa magellanica ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Argen ...

'' *'' Jaborosa odonelliana'' *''

Jaborosa oxipetala ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Arge ...

'' *'' Jaborosa parviflora'' *''

Jaborosa pinnata ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Arge ...

'' *''

Jaborosa reflexa ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in ...

'' *'' Jaborosa riojana'' *''

Jaborosa rotacea ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Argen ...

'' *''

Jaborosa runcinata ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Argen ...

'' *''

Jaborosa sativa ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Argen ...

'' *'' Jaborosa squarrosa'' *''

Jaborosa volkmannii ''Jaborosa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species, all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes. Most can be found in Arge ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q144712 Solanoideae Solanaceae genera Flora of South America