The JL-2 (, NATO reporting name CSS-N-14) is a
Chinese
Chinese can refer to:
* Something related to China
* Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity
**''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation
** List of ethnic groups in China, people of ...
second-generation
intercontinental-range submarine-launched ballistic missile
A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of which carries a nuclear warhead ...
(SLBM) deployed on the
People's Liberation Army Navy's (PLAN)
Type 094 submarine
The Type 094 (; Chinese designation: 09- IV; NATO reporting name: Jin class) is a class of ballistic missile submarine developed by China for the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force. The Type 094 succeeds the Type 092 submarine and p ...
s. It succeeds the
JL-1 SLBM deployed on the
Type 092 submarine
The Type 092 (Chinese designation: 09- II; NATO reporting name: Xia class) submarine was the first nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) deployed by the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force.
Background
The first and only ...
.
United States Department of Defense
The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government directly related to national secu ...
(2018: 29)
The JL-2 provides China with its first viable sea-based nuclear deterrent.
Development
The JL-2 is a naval variant of the land-based
DF-31
The Dong Feng 31 (; NATO reporting name CSS-10) is a third-generation long-range, road-mobile, three stage, solid-fuel rocket intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) in the Dongfeng missile series developed by the People's Republic of Chi ...
.
Their common 2-metre diameter solid fuel rocket motor was successfully tested in late 1983,
and research and development efforts were reorganized starting in 1985 to produce both missiles.
The first JL-2 at-sea launch occurred in 2001 from a
Type 031 submarine.
The program was delayed after a failed test in 2004.
Successful launches occurred in 2005 and 2008. The missile was successfully fired from a
Type 094 submarine
The Type 094 (; Chinese designation: 09- IV; NATO reporting name: Jin class) is a class of ballistic missile submarine developed by China for the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force. The Type 094 succeeds the Type 092 submarine and p ...
, the intended operational platform, for the first time in 2009.
A series of test launches occurred in 2012.
Another test launch occurred in January 2015.
During the development of the missile, it was reported that China was considering modifying the missile to accommodate an
anti-satellite warhead to give it a sea-based anti-satellite capability.
Type 094 deterrence patrols with JL-2 missiles began in December 2015.
, 48 JL-2 launchers are deployed on submarines.
Description
The JL-2 is a three-stage, solid-fuelled missile,
with a maximum range of .
Its payload is a single
1
Megaton
Megaton may refer to:
* A million tons
* Megaton TNT equivalent, explosive energy equal to 4.184 petajoules
* megatonne, a million tonnes, SI unit of mass
Other uses
* Olivier Megaton (born 1965), French film director, writer and editor
* ''Me ...
warhead
or 3-8 MIRVs with yields of 20, 90, or 150kt.
See also
*
JL-1
*
JL-3
The JL-3 () is a Chinese third-generation intercontinental-range submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) in development. It will likely deploy on the Type 096, a predicted future class of Chinese ballistic missile submarine.
The missile i ...
*
R-29 Vysota
*
R-29RM Shtil
*
R-29RMU Sineva
The R-29RMU2 Sineva (russian: Синева, lit. " blueness"), code RSM-54, is a Russian liquid-fueled submarine-launched ballistic missile with GRAU index 3M27, designation SS-N-23A Skiff. It can carry four warheads and is designed to be launch ...
*
R-29RMU2 Layner
The R-29RMU2.1 Layner (russian: Р-29РМУ2.1 "Лайнер" meaning ''Liner'') is a Russian liquid-fuelled submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) and the newest member of the R-29 missile family, developed by the Makeyev Rocket Design Bu ...
*
RSM-56 Bulava
*
UGM-133 Trident II
The UGM-133A Trident II, or Trident D5 is a submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM), built by Lockheed Martin Space in Sunnyvale, California, and deployed with the American and British navies. It was first deployed in March 1990, and rema ...
*
M45 (missile)
*
M51 (missile)
The M51 SLBM is a French submarine-launched ballistic missile, built by ArianeGroup, and deployed with the French Navy. Designed to replace the M45 (missile), M45 SLBM (In French terminology the MSBS – ''Mer-Sol-Balistique-Stratégique'' "Sea-gr ...
*
K Missile family
The K family of missiles (K for 'Kalam'), is a family of submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBM) developed by India to boost its second strike abilities and thus augment its nuclear deterrence. Information about this family of missiles ha ...
*
Pukkuksong-1
The Pukguksong-1 or Pukkŭksŏng-1, Bukgeukseong-1 (Hangul: 북극성1호, Hanja: 北極星1号, literally Polaris-1), alternatively KN-11 in intelligence communities outside North Korea, is a North Korean, two-stage submarine-launched ballisti ...
*
R-39 Rif
*
R-39M
R-39UTTH BarkUTTH means "Improved tactical and technical characteristics", NATO reporting name SS-NX-28, was a Russian submarine-launched ballistic missile. The missile was an upgraded version of the R-39 missile that was designed for the Typhoo ...
References
Citations
Sources
*
*
External links
CSIS Missile Threat - Ju Lang-2from Mark Wade's Encyclopedia Astronautica
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jl-2
Submarine-launched ballistic missiles of the People's Republic of China
Nuclear weapons of the People's Republic of China
1980s establishments in China
Military equipment introduced in the 2010s