was a Japanese

biologist A biologist is a scientist who conducts research in biology. Biologists are interested in studying life on Earth, whether it is an individual Cell (biology), cell, a multicellular organism, or a Community (ecology), community of Biological inter ...

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and d ...

, evolutionary theorist, and ichthyologist at the Naples Zoological Station starting 1887. He was responsible for disseminating Darwin's ideas on evolution in Japan.

Biography

Ishikawa Chiyomatsu was born in Edo as a son of a high-ranking samurai, a

Hatamoto A was a high ranking samurai in the direct service of the Tokugawa shogunate of feudal Japan. While all three of the shogunates in Japanese history had official retainers, in the two preceding ones, they were referred to as '' gokenin.'' Howev ...

. But the

Meiji Restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were ...

occurred and when the

Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia ...

collapsed, he moved to Sunpu ( Shizuoka prefecture) in 1867. In 1972, he returned to

Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and List of cities in Japan, largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, ...

and studied English. He entered the Tokyo Kaisei Gakko, which was a high education college belonging Ministry of Education in 1876. His was taught by

Montague Arthur Fenton Montague Arthur Fenton (29 June 1850 in Doncaster, England – 21 March 1937 in Oakland City, California) was an English entomologist who collected insects throughout Japan. Fenton was an English language teacher at Tokyo Foreign Language Schoo ...

, which influenced Chiyomatsu to start a collection of butterflies. Chiyomatsu entered the

Tokyo Imperial University , abbreviated as or UTokyo, is a public research university located in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. Established in 1877, the university was the first Imperial University and is currently a Top Type university of the Top Global University Project by ...

in 1978, and studied under

Edward S. Morse Edward Sylvester Morse (June 18, 1838 – December 20, 1925) was an American zoologist, archaeologist, and oriental studies, orientalist. He is considered the "Father of Japanese archaeology." Early life Morse was born in Portland, Maine, ...

. After Morse left Japan, his teachers were

Charles Otis Whitman Charles Otis Whitman (December 6, 1842 – December 14, 1910) was an American zoologist, who was influential to the founding of classical ethology (study of animal behavior). A dedicated educator who preferred to teach a few research students at ...

and Kakichi Mitsukuri. After graduating from the

, he studied in Germany under eminent evolutionary theorist

August Weismann August Friedrich Leopold Weismann FRS (For), HonFRSE, LLD (17 January 18345 November 1914) was a German evolutionary biologist. Fellow German Ernst Mayr ranked him as the second most notable evolutionary theorist of the 19th century, after Cha ...

. He was also the 5th principal of the Dokkyo Middle School in Tokyo.

relatives

*Son: Ishikawa Kin'ichi (石川欣一)--journalist *daughter: Ishikawa Kiyo(石川きよ)--Married with Akira Terao (寺尾新), son of Hisashi Terao (寺尾寿), Astronomer. *Father of wife:

Mitsukuri Rinsho Mitsukuri (written: 箕作 or 三栗) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include: * (1857–1909), Japanese zoologist * (1846–1897), Japanese jurist and educator * (born 1939), Japanese gymnast {{surname, Mitsukuri Japanes ...

--statesman and legal scholar in

Meiji period The is an era of Japanese history that extended from October 23, 1868 to July 30, 1912. The Meiji era was the first half of the Empire of Japan, when the Japanese people moved from being an isolated feudal society at risk of colonization ...

, Japan

External links

*
Photo of Chiyomatsu Ishikawa
Ishikawa, Chiyo Ishikawa, Chiyo 1861 births 1935 deaths {{biologist-stub

Biography

relatives

See also

External links