Invader Zim

''Invader Zim'' is an American animated science fiction dark comedy television series created by comic book writer and cartoonist Jhonen Vasquez for Nickelodeon. The series centers on an extraterrestrial named Zim (voiced by Richard Steven Horvitz), from the planet Irk, and his mission to conquer Earth and enslave the human race along with his malfunctioning robot servant GIR ( Rosearik Rikki Simons). He is antagonized by Dib ( Andy Berman), a young paranormal investigator who is determined to stop Zim from succeeding.

Nickelodeon contacted Jhonen Vasquez about pitching ideas for an animated series for their older demographic and ''Invader Zim'' was the first thing he pitched. In Vasquez's words "it went from pitch to series without hardly any waiting". As the series went on, ratings declined and budgetary issues became more frequent. Before the second season was completed, Nickelodeon cancelled the series, leaving several episodes unfinished. The show originally aired on Nickelodeon from 2001 to 2002, with six of the completed second-season episodes initially going unreleased. These episodes were first made available on DVD in 2004 and later made their television debut on the Nicktoons Network in 2006.

''Invader Zim'' received positive reviews from critics and audiences, with praise primarily directed at its humor, writing, animation, art-style, and the way it pushed the boundaries of what was considered acceptable on children's television. In the years following its cancellation, ''Invader Zim'' has often been listed as one of Nickelodeon's best shows. The series won an Annie Award, an Emmy Award and a World Animation Celebration Award, and received nominations for seven additional Annie Awards and two Golden Reel Awards. ''Invader Zim'' has spawned its own fan convention called InvaderCON and a plethora of official merchandise, including video games, toys, clothing and accessories, among many other products. Despite its early cancellation, due to increasing popularity and above-average merchandise sales it has been widely regarded as a cult classic.

A monthly comic book series of the same name was released on July 8, 2015, as a continuation of the television series and published by Oni Press until August 4, 2021. A film based on the television and comic series, titled '' Invader Zim: Enter the Florpus'', premiered on Netflix on August 16, 2019.

Plot

The series centers on Zim (voiced by Richard Steven Horvitz), a member of the extraterrestrial Irken species and the Irken Empire from the planet Irk. The imperialistic empire's goal is universal conquest and has a social hierarchy based solely on physical height. The empire's leader is called The Almighty Tallest; at the beginning of the series the position is jointly held by two equally tall individuals (Wally Wingert and Kevin McDonald.) Zim is an outcast; he is delusional, very short, overzealous, narcissistic, and megalomaniacal.

An absentminded Zim nearly destroyed Irk and the Irkens during the empire's first invasion, ''Operation Impending Doom I''. He was punished by exile to the Irken food court planet Foodcourtia, although he failed to recognize the reason for his banishment. After learning that ''Operation Impending Doom II'' was being planned, Zim unilaterally "quits being banished" to attend the Great Assigning on the convention center planet Conventia. At the Great Assigning, The Tallest appoints Irkens as Invaders, advance scouts tasked with infiltrating and preparing target planets for conquest by the Irken Armada. Zim successfully pleads to be made an Invader, and receives a "secret mission" intended to prevent interference with the invasion; the target "mystery planet" is on the outskirts of the known universe and is not confirmed to exist. He is issued GIR ( Rosearik Rikki Simons), an ineffective and erratic Standard Issue Information Retrieval (SIR) unit hastily made from spare parts found in a trash can.

After a six month journey across the universe, Zim arrives at the "mystery planet" which turns out to be dark, dystopian, and satirical version of Earth. A delighted Zim quickly goes to work and sets up his base in a random suburb; The Tallest are dismayed by his success. A short-statured Zim disguises himself as a human child with a green complexion (which he claims is caused by a "skin condition".) The show follows his attempts to conduct espionage by attending a local school (spelled "Skool"), and planning to conquer and enslave the world at his base. Opposing Zim is his classmate Dib ( Andy Berman), a paranoid young boy who is obsessed with the paranormal and supernatural and the only human (besides his sister) who sees through Zim's disguise. Dib is determined to expose and thwart Zim, despite the hostility and mockery he receives from his oblivious peers for doing so.

Supporting characters include Dib's cynical and apathetic sister Gaz (Melissa Fahn); Zim and Dib's demonic teacher Ms. Bitters (Lucille Bliss); and Dib and Gaz's famous, but neglectful father Professor Membrane (Rodger Bumpass). Later in the series, other alien characters begin to appear, including Tak ( Olivia d'Abo), a fellow Irken seeking revenge against Zim; Lard Nar (Fred Tatasciore), the leader of a resistance group called The Resisty who wants to overthrow the Irken Empire; and Sizz-Lorr (Jim Wise), Zim's former employer from Foodcourtia who attempts to recapture him.

Episodes

Production

Conception and early development

Prior to the creation of ''Invader Zim'', Nickelodeon desired a series to suit its 11–15 year old demographic. Nickelodeon producer Mary Harrington was searching for something that had a similar "edge" to ''The Ren & Stimpy Show,'' when she came across a comic book called ''Johnny the Homicidal Maniac'' and was impressed with the art-style and character designs in the series. Harrington contacted the creator of ''JtHM'', then-22-year-old Jhonen Vasquez, who had zero experience in animation at the time, and asked him if he would like to pitch an animated series to Nickelodeon. Vasquez accepted the offer.

Vasquez knew from the start that his previous works were definitely not suitable for Nickelodeon, so instead of adapting something he had already done, he decided to make something new. Since he was creating a show for a children's network, Vasquez compiled together many things he loved during his own childhood, including robots, monsters, horror films, science fiction films, paranormal investigators, Monty Python, the works of Douglas Adams, and aliens. Before settling on the darker concept of an alien invader, Vasquez briefly considered doing a more light-hearted show along the lines of ''Mork & Mindy'', with a zany alien misunderstanding Earth customs and ultimately, learning a lesson at the end. Vasquez said that while this idea probably would have found more success on Nickelodeon, he quickly dropped the idea, believing it would not fit his style of writing. Vasquez came up with the entire premise for ''Invader Zim'' in about an hour, while sitting in bed when he could not sleep. He was inspired by the idea of an alien who came from an incredibly advanced race and has access to such powerful and advanced technology that he could easily take over or destroy the Earth single-handedly, but instead he decides to stay in school all day, never even thinking to sneak out.

A pilot for ''Invader Zim'' was pitched to Nickelodeon in 1999, which led to the series being green-lit. Vasquez indicated that very little of his writing style was changed over the course of ''Invader Zim'', other than restricting certain language and visuals that may not be suitable for children. Vasquez cited that the biggest change for himself was going from working alone on a comic to working with thousands of people at Nickelodeon, saying "it's an absolute misery". However, he said the experience of working on ''Invader Zim'' was "incredibly gratifying", but also "fiendishly frustrating".

Animation

''Invader Zim'' was produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studios in Burbank, California with Nick Digital providing the CGI animation services and Sunwoo Entertainment in South Korea providing the 2D animation services. Salami Studios provided the post-production and sound services for most episodes of the series, and Encore and Hollywood Digital provided the post-production services for a few episodes in season one. In season two, the animation style became slightly more stylized and pronounced in motion than in season one. ''Invader Zim''s art style is stylized with sharp edges, thick black outlines, big heads, small or elongated bodies, and big eyes for the characters. ''Invader Zims art-style was initially difficult for the animators to learn. Director Steve Ressel even admitted that it was the hardest style he had ever worked on, citing the characters' heads as the most complicated aspect of their designs.

''Invader Zim'' was one of the first animated television shows to merge 2D animation with CGI animation. When the development on ''Invader Zim'' was first getting started, Steve Ressel consulted with the crew of '' Futurama'' to figure out how to integrate 2D animation with CGI animation, since they were one of the first animated television shows that merged the two mediums. When the ''Futurama'' crew saw the show they were very impressed by how seamlessly the ''Invader Zim'' crew integrated both mediums, specifically in the episode "The Wettening".

While the average episode of an eleven-minute animated television show usually has around 80–120 pages of storyboards per episode, ''Invader Zim''s storyboards were around 250–350 pages per episode. This is because ''Invader Zim'' has a very dedicated attention to detail outlining every ounce of a character's movements and method of acting, which is something Nickelodeon was very impressed by.

The episode "Zim Eats Waffles" was originally supposed to be one long shot, panning between Dib's reaction and his computer screen. This was because the animators wanted to try to have the longest single shot in animation history.
However, this idea was scrapped, due to it limiting the episode's storytelling capabilities and it being too difficult to animate. Despite this decision, the majority of "Zim Eats Waffles" still ended up being one continual scene.

Voice acting

When casting voice actors for ''Invader Zim'', Vasquez did not want actors who were just capable of doing zany voices because it sounded less natural to him. He made a point to cast people with speaking voices that were naturally distinct and out of the ordinary so that the cast did not have to do unnatural voices, but could instead just speak naturally.

Mark Hamill was originally hired to do the voice of Zim for the pilot episode, but was replaced before the pilot was shown to Nickelodeon executives because Vasquez felt his voice did not feel right for the character. Hamill was replaced by voice acting professional Billy West, who remained the voice of Zim for the pilot. After the show was picked up for a full series, Vasquez decided to replace West with Richard Steven Horvitz, saying that West was "too well known" and that he wanted all of the voices for the main characters to be unique and not voices people had heard before. Also, due to '' Futurama'' still being on the air at the time, Vasquez did not want the same voice actor to be the lead in two contemporaneous sci-fi comedies.

Vasquez wanted someone with no experience in voice acting to play the part of GIR, as a reflection of how broken and messed up GIR really is. Vasquez wanted someone who sounded unprofessional, but all of the actors who auditioned for GIR were "good actors" who just did a "stock crazy robot voice", which he found dissatisfying. Vasquez then asked his friend, Rosearik Rikki Simons, who was working with him on his comic called ''I Feel Sick'' at the time, to try to audition for GIR, saying he "couldn't screw it up anymore than anyone else". Simons did a few different voices for his audition for GIR, including one where he was trying to imitate his mother-in-law, but decided it was too "shrieky". He then remembered when he used to play with hand puppets with his father as a kid and tried to do one of those voices. Simons was also a colorist on ''Invader Zim'' and in November 1998, the same month he auditioned for GIR, he also helped color the pilot episode. Vasquez said he gave Simons the part of GIR because he was "bad at it", and that fit the character. When voicing GIR, Simons' voice was edited to make it sound higher-pitched and metallic. While Simons eventually learned to perform the voice without the high-pitch editing, the metallic quality still had to be added. Unedited versions of Simons' voice-overs can be heard in voice recordings for the unfinished episodes.

Music

Vasquez asked his friend Mark Tortorici to come up with the theme music for ''Invader Zim''. Vasquez said all he really wanted for the theme music was military music to represent Zim mixed with futuristic electric orchestral music. Once the direction for the music was settled on, Tortorici produced the theme music on an Alesis QS8 very quickly and it did not go through many changes, but they did reorchestrate it for the TV series and stuck with it from that point on.

Vasquez's team selected Michael Tavera, who is known for composing the music for '' The Land Before Time'', ''An American Tail'', and ''Stitch! The Movie'', to compose the music for the pilot episode of ''Invader Zim''. Vasquez said that he asked for several of the tracks that Tavera produced to be discarded and that ultimately the team had less than half of the number of tracks that they planned to submit. According to Vasquez, he and Tavera were not "a great fit" for one another creatively. Vasquez described the pilot music as having a "more 'children's television' sound," with a "much more traditional and not as surprising" theme as he wanted, but added that the music "worked for the pilot." Tavera's cover version of Tortorici's theme music did not appear in the pilot as there was no opening credits sequence. Vasquez said that members of the ''Invader Zim'' crew laughed at Tavera's version of the theme because it was "cheesy," adding that the reaction was not mean-spirited and that Tavera had received little information about the series before submitting the music.

Tavera did not become a part of the regular ''Invader Zim'' crew, and was replaced with Kevin Manthei, who is also known for composing the music for ''Generator Rex'', ''The Sims 2'', and '' Robot Chicken'', to compose the series' music. Manthei's music for the series is industrial and techno in nature.

The anime internet radio station, "''Anime Stuff R''" did a radio broadcast special called, "''The Kevin Manthei Invader Zim-phony Special''" which featured a majority of the music Kevin Manthei composed for ''Invader Zim''. The broadcast special was hosted by Kevin Manthei, DJ Richard Rae and Tom Mitchell (DJ Tomzer1) and was broadcast from September 13, 2002, to October 15, 2002. The entire broadcast is 5 hours, 26 minutes, and 28 seconds long and includes music from every episode of ''Invader Zim'', except for "The Most Horrible X-mas Ever". The broadcast was extremely popular, so Anime Stuff R (temporarily renamed "Anime Stuff Z" for the special) decided to release a CD of the broadcast. However, due to financial reasons, they only made 100 copies of this CD. There are 325 tracks on the CD and the interior of the CD cover features messages from both Kevin Manthei and Richard Rae.

Kevin Manthei's message says:

Richard Rae's message says:

Challenges and censorship

''Invader ZIM'' would frequently find itself at odds with network censorship. In ''The Medium-Sized Book of ZIM Scrips Vol. 1'', series writer Eric Trueheart would characterize the relationship between the ''ZIM'' staff and the executives at Nickelodeon as "a little dysfunctional", and that "the executive assigned by Nickelodeon to oversee our show - who was, and still is, a decent guy, by the way - probably felt like he had to keep a lid on an inexperienced show creator, and as a result clamped down harder than he should have." Trueheart also speculated that the channel's other programming also had an effect on how the executives treated the show, stating that "Nickelodeon probably looked to ''Rugrats'' as the model of what a cartoon should be ... ''Invader ZIM'' was none of these things." Ultimately, "There was a just a conflict in personalities, intentions, and modus operandi ... The reality was just not a great fit, and yes, it was a problem."

In some episodes, it was originally intended for certain characters (such as Keef and Iggins) to be killed off at the end of an episode, but Nickelodeon would not allow any characters to be killed off and demanded the crew add certain details suggesting that they survived or in some cases, rewrite the episodes to where they would not die. They complied, however did so in an intentionally forced and sarcastic way to purposely convey their disagreement and reluctance toward the decision, such as the sarcastic "No characters were harmed in this episode" end-card message at the end of the episode "Hamstergeddon" where many background characters "died" onscreen.

In the DVD commentary for the episode "Bad, Bad Rubber Piggy", Jhonen Vasquez reveals that the original idea for the episode was for Zim to kill Dib off permanently, and for Dib to be replaced with a new kid named Louie. But once again, Nickelodeon would not allow any characters to be killed off permanently and so this did not end up happening. However, the episode's writer, Eric Trueheart, has stated that this was only meant to be taken as a joke, and that "Jhonen at no point thought he would actually kill off one of the lead characters in the series."

In "Door to Door" the virtual reality world that Zim shows people was originally going to involve a demolished city that resembled New York, but Nickelodeon demanded that this be changed due to its similarities to 9/11. On reflection, Vasquez said that he prefers the new virtual reality world to the old one, since he does not like the idea of a real-life city existing in ''Invader Zim''. The original version of this scene can be found online. Additionally, the episode "Hamstergeddon" had only aired once prior to the attacks on the World Trade Center, and would shortly thereafter be temporarily withheld from rotation as " xecutivesthought the sight of falling buildings would not go over well with sensitive viewers."

One of the biggest problems Nickelodeon had with the show before it premiered was with Dib's design. Vasquez wanted Dib to wear a trench coat, but Nickelodeon opted against this because they feared Dib's clothing would remind people of the Columbine High School massacre, in which the two teenagers responsible for the shootings both wore trench coats during the attack. Nickelodeon ultimately lost this fight and Dib ended up wearing a trench coat in the show.

Later, Nickelodeon wanted to cut Dib from the show outright because they did not think he was funny or interesting enough. Vasquez fought back with a project called "God Save the Dib", which involved making slight changes to Dib's character to make him more funny and interesting in order to avoid Nickelodeon cutting him from the show. One notable change that came out of "God Save the Dib" was making Dib's head bigger than his body, which became a reoccurring joke throughout the series.

The original name for Gaz's handheld game console was going to be "Game Slave Advanced", a spoof of Nintendo's handheld game console, the Game Boy Advance. However, the people at Nintendo did not like this parody and threatened to sue Nickelodeon if the name was used. So the name was changed to "Game Slave" instead.

Vasquez wanted to add some red blood splatters to certain violent scenes in the episode "Bestest Friend", but Nickelodeon forbade this. Also, at end of "Bestest Friend", Keef was originally going to fall off of a building and onto a power line, which would have electrocuted him, but Nickelodeon was worried that kids might try to imitate this behavior and demanded that it be changed. The next idea was that Keef gets run over by a car, and spins around on the tire as it drives away, but Nickelodeon denied this scene too, this time for being "too violent". In the final version, Keef gets attacked by a squirrel and falls off of a building, which Nickelodeon was fine with.

In the episode "Hobo 13", Skoodge was going to be shown eating his own skin to survive, but Nickelodeon denied this scene and even the ''Invader Zim'' crew admitted that they thought it was "too much".

In the original ending of the episode "Walk of Doom", Zim and GIR were dropped off in a ghetto with Mexican music playing in the background and a banner reading "Welcome to Mexico". Feeling that it would come off as racist, Nickelodeon denied this and the scenery was changed to a vaguely Mexican-looking, but still filthy town, the music was changed to disco music and the banner was changed to say "CARNE", which translates into "MEAT".

Originally, the episodes "Dark Harvest" and "Bestest Friend" were supposed to air together, but Nickelodeon would not allow this, saying that those two episodes are "too twisted" to air together. So instead, "Dark Harvest" aired with "Germs" and "Bestest Friend" aired with "NanoZim". Additionally, "Dark Harvest" was originally supposed to be called "The Hearts and Lungs of Zim's Darkness", but Nickelodeon denied this title.

In response to these censorships and restrictions, the writers of ''Invader Zim'' slipped in ways to poke fun at Nickelodeon, or to simply go against their wishes. This includes the character Nick, who is a boy that is always happy and a not-so-subtle reference to Nickelodeon's frequent demands that Vasquez make the show "happier" and more appealing to certain viewers, which Vasquez always detested.

Bloody GIR

"Bloody GIR", which depicts an image of GIR covered in blood, was created when series creator Jhonen Vasquez illustrated GIR covered in blood and wanted to put this drawing into an episode of ''Invader Zim''. Nickelodeon, however, prohibited it. Director Steve Ressel and illustrator Chris Graham then snuck the forbidden drawing into a single frame of the episode "Bad, Bad Rubber Piggy". Post-production supervisor Jason Stiff has confirmed that the image does indeed appear in that episode, and Ressel also confirmed its existence in interviews. The image of Bloody GIR was reportedly scattered throughout the "last fourteen episodes" of the series by Ressel and Graham. Bloody GIR can be seen the most clearly during the intro to the episode "Mortos der Soulstealer". Although the idea for Bloody GIR was confirmed by Ressel not to have surfaced until the episode "Bad, Bad Rubber Piggy", some claim to have found it in earlier episodes of the series, such as "Dark Harvest" and "Attack of the Saucer Morons". Additionally, some people have claimed that Bloody GIR was meant to debut in the episode "GIR Goes Crazy and Stuff", in which GIR was supposed to be covered in blood while floating with the data canister and draining humans, but this directly contradicts Ressel's statements on the matter.

Many people believe that Bloody GIR was the reason behind the cancellation of ''Invader Zim''. However, Vasquez has revealed that Nickelodeon did not find out about the image's inclusion until after the show's cancellation. Vasquez also stated that when it was discovered by Nickelodeon, they were not particularly bothered by it, since kids would not notice it anyway.

Certain images of Bloody GIR can only be seen in a frame-by-frame viewing. Otherwise, it will be a flash, or, in some cases, blended into the movements of the animation. Bloody GIR is never animated and will always appear as a still image. However, the opacity and size of the Bloody GIR is varied.

Cancellation

On January 18, 2002, Nickelodeon issued a statement announcing the show's cancellation after completing 27 episodes, instead of fulfilling the original 40 episodes order. On this subject, creator of the show Jhonen Vasquez said, "I could go on and on with variations of the most fantastic reasons for why the show was cancelled, but in the end, even I couldn't give you the whole and accurate truth for why the show got pulled," he wrote in a lengthy post on his website in 2010, nearly eight years after the show wrapped. "The most likely culprits are simply ratings and the sheer expense of the show, which was monstrously expensive at the time, especially when compared to more modern, flash-based savings fests."

Nearly nine years later in 2019, Vasquez was interviewed by Syfy and said:

In an interview with Syfy in 2018, Richard Horvitz, the voice of Zim, was questioned about why the show got cancelled; he responded:

Broadcast history

When ''Invader Zim'' was green-lit, Nickelodeon had desired a block of "mature, action-oriented" programming for an older demographic to compete with some of the stuff that Cartoon Network was doing at the time. But for unknown reasons, ''Invader Zim'' was the only series green-lit for this experiment and this block of "mature, action-oriented" shows never ended up happening. By the time the show was made, Nickelodeon had decided that they were no longer interested in trying to reach an older audience, which left ''Invader Zim'' hard to place in an appropriate time slot suitable for its originally intended demographic. ''Invader Zim'' ultimately ended up being sandwiched between ''The Fairly OddParents'' and '' Rocket Power'', which did not feel like a suitable time slot for the show, according to the creator. ''Invader Zim'' was originally intended for 11–15 year olds, but due to its poor time slot placement, it ended up being viewed primarily by 6–10 year olds, many of whom were turned off by the show's dark and disturbing nature, resulting in the show receiving poor ratings and viewership.

Even though ''Invader Zim'' usually aired later at night, the show never found a time slot that the creators of the program thought was suitable for it and the show continuously suffered in ratings amongst 6–10 year olds, Nickelodeon's core demographic.

In an interview with '' IGN'' in 2004, Jhonen Vasquez said that when it became apparent that Nickelodeon was the "place for kids" but not "kids who want their eyes ripped out", they had asked for ''Invader Zim'' to be transferred to MTV or a more "adult network" similar to what Nickelodeon had previously done with ''The Ren & Stimpy Show'', as the series did not feel right on Nickelodeon and would have likely found greater success elsewhere. This never ended up happening and instead, Nickelodeon buried the show with ever-changing time slots, which further hurt the show's ratings.

''Invader Zim'' premiered on March 30, 2001, and contains 20 episodes in its first season. At the beginning of the series, new episodes of ''Invader Zim'' were aired on Friday nights usually at 9:00PM ( ET/ PT). In August 2001, Nickelodeon officially renewed the series for a second season, which was originally planned to consist of 20 episodes.

''Invader Zims Friday night time slot ceased with the episode, "Door to Door" which was originally scheduled to premiere on September 14, 2001. But after the attacks of 9/11, three days prior, "Door to Door" and its paired episode "FBI Warning of Doom" ended up getting abruptly pulled from Nickelodeon's schedule and pushed back over six months to March 2002. This was partly because "Door to Door" contained a violent scene which resembled the attacks of 9/11, that now needed to be cut and re-done; but also due to the "blanket fears that anything remotely violent would be received as being in poor taste" given the atmosphere and condition of the country at the time.Vasquez, Jhonen (2004). ''Invader Zim'' volume 1 DVD commentary for the episode "Door to Door" (DVD). Media Blasters. ''Invader Zim'' suffered creatively after 9/11 and Nickelodeon began frequently and inconveniently changing the shows' time slots with little promotion for new episodes which led to an even further drop in ratings and viewership.

The uncut version of "Door to Door" was accidentally aired on Nickelodeon on March 29, 2002, which was the first time the episode premiered. All subsequent airings of "Door to Door" were of the cut version.

In January 2002, Nickelodeon announced that they had plans to cancel the series. Upon hearing this announcement, many fans became outraged at Nickelodeon for scheduling ''Invader Zim'' for poor and frequently changing time slots towards the end of its run and for not providing the show with a good amount of promotional attention compared to some of their other shows at the time. Almost immediately after the announcement was made, fans launched an online petition to try to change Nickelodeon's mind or get the show picked up by a different network, and even though the petition collected over 55,000 signatures by April 2002, it was not enough to prevent Nickelodeon from canceling the show.

The episode "The Most Horrible X-Mas Ever" was broadcast out of order, as evident by the presence of the new character, Minimoose, who did not get a proper introduction. Minimoose's introductory episode is called "Nubs of Doom" and was originally intended to air before "The Most Horrible X-Mas Ever", but because Nickelodeon was planning on canceling the series, the show's staff had to pick and choose their final episodes very carefully and Jhonen Vasquez said he was more excited for "The Most Horrible X-Mas Ever", so that episode was made instead, leaving "Nubs of Doom" unfinished.

The final episode of the series, "The Most Horrible X-Mas Ever", premiered on Nickelodeon on December 10, 2002. The show finished with a total of 27 of its initially contracted 40 episodes leaving at least 17 episode segments unfinished. Concept art, scripts, voice recordings, storyboards and animatics for some of these unfinished episodes can be found in the special features of some of the DVDs or online. Six of the completed second-season episodes initially went unreleased. These episodes would first appear on DVD in 2004 and later made their television debut on Nicktoons from June 10 to August 19, 2006.

On December 24, 2011, the series' pilot made its television debut on both Nickelodeon and Nicktoons (it had previously only been seen on DVD) after an eight-hour marathon and followed by the result of Nicktoons' "Girreatest Zim Moments" online poll.

Reruns of ''Invader Zim'' have been airing on Nicktoons since the channel's launch on May 1, 2002. The series premiered on NickSplat for the first time on January 2, 2019, with a seven-hour marathon before returning nightly as of January 7, 2020.

Both seasons of ''Invader Zim'' are available for download on the Xbox Live Marketplace and PlayStation Store. In addition, the entire series is available for purchase on Vudu, Google Play, YouTube and iTunes. The entire series is also available for streaming on Amazon Video and Paramount+.

Reception and legacy

Critical reception

'' Screen Rants Spencer Coriaty wrote: "Backed by some of the most cutting edge animation at the time, and still breathtaking by today's standards, ''Invader Zim'' is like a ''Mystery Science Theater'' fan's dream come true. It seamlessly blends sci-fi, action and comedy into one twisted and hilarious cartoon with superb voice acting and visionary direction." Kristy Punchko from ''Nerdist'' praised the series' satirical themes and how it "relished in weird, pushed boundaries, and dared to be unapologetically stupid". Punchko also offered praise for the humor in ''Invader Zim'', saying: "Colliding the sublimely silly with the cerebral, ''Invader Zim'' played as seminal precursor to subversive sci-fi shows like ''Rick and Morty.''" Becca James, writing for ''The A.V. Club'' said, "''Invader Zim'' was destined for a cult following. From its seemingly bizarre nature to its too-early demise, 'Invader Zim''brought a darker form of entertainment to ickelodeon andwelcomed critical acclaim for straddling the line between child and adult entertainment nd theconstant depiction of Earth as a complete shitcan only adds to this dingy, but delightful program."

Allegra Frank from ''Polygon'' said: Sam Thielman from ''The Guardian'' said, " 'Invader Zim''s sense of humor is somehow dark without being bleak; even when the show takes its cues from horror movies it's often quite scary, but it's somehow never too much. ..''Invader Zim'' didn't last nearly long enough, but it did spawn a cult following almost immediately and became a password for alienated millennials and teenagers everywhere." Alex Bedder, from '' NYU Local'', said, "Essentially the black sheep of the animated Nickelodeon family, ''Invader Zim'' never quite stuck its landing, but it became a beloved and off-kilter fan favorite. ..There are random, twitchy characters, the word "doom" is overused, and there are countless other illogical outbursts. But the common thread weaving all of the madness together is its original, sick, and sometimes oddly-intelligent sense of humor." In an article he wrote for ''Cartoon Brew'', animation historian, Jerry Beck said: "I always thought highly of 'Invader Zim'' but watching it again this weekend reminded me how good it truly was. ..I laugh long and hard at incidents, situations and visuals on 'Invader Zim'' and if there is any justice it should be ranked alongside the likes of '' South Park'' and ''The Simpsons''."

Mary Grace Garis from ''Bustle'' praised ''Invader Zim'' for how it does not sugarcoat reality, saying, "You can't deny that 'Invader Zim''really put in some heavy, soul crushing messages between "The Doom Song" and all those rubber piggies. And I'd say that a la ''The Powerpuff Girls'', they did a really good job of hiding adult lessons in a children's cartoon, but well... I'm pretty sure they were a bit more blatant in delivering the news that we were all doomed." Kayla Cobb, of '' Decider'' said, "If you prefer your humor to be equal parts dark and random, then it's time to re-watch this short-lived Nicktoon. 'Invader Zim''can best be characterized by its sarcasm, cruelty, and violence. This is a show that creates a disturbing giant monster baby fusion in one episode and labels the ultimate face of horror as a room with a moose the next. So yeah. It's kind of all over the place, which is why we love it." Lana Berkowitz, from The ''Houston Chronicle'' praised ''Invader Zims art-style and color palette saying, "The series has an appropriately gloomy look of impending doom colored with dark reds and black, and a dash of alien green. The animation's angular look and the characters' big, expressive eyes give ''Invader Zim'' a distinctive look."

''Varietys Steven Oxman, wrote, " 'Invader Zim''captures a nice blend of the innocent and the satirical". Further stating that, "The artwork n the showisn't especially original but still manages to create a nicely off-center vision of Earth and its inhabitants. Vasquez and co-writer Rob Hummel throw in some clever quips at life on this planet, taking aim particularly at the doomsaying schoolteacher, Ms. Bitters ndKevin Manthei's music provides strong accompaniment to the escapades." Sean Fitz-Gerald from ''Thrillist'' wrote: "Though ''Invader Zim'' came from Jhonen Vasquez, the same beautifully twisted mind behind ''Johnny the Homicidal Maniac'', the howmanages to hold off on graphic violence and obscenities without losing all its bite. The spastic im along with the world around him, capitalizes on cheeky, masochistic, and random humor in ways viewers of all ages can appreciate." Joe Matar writing for ''Den of Geek'' wrote: "''Invader Zim'' is a brilliant piece of unsettling, grotesque horror, with a heart of goofiness, which is a big part of its appeal. ..The incorporation of cel-shaded CGI and lots of sharp geometric shapes actually enhanced the look f the showrather than came off as a cheap shortcut." Andy Patrizio of '' IGN'' praised the colors and the CGI imagery in ''Invader Zim'', but criticized how Zim is "always shrieking and yelling at the top of his lungs" and the inconsistencies between episodes, but added "When the show hits, it hits big."

George Dvorsky, from ''io9'', specifically praised the character GIR, saying, "Science fiction has portrayed its fair share of glitchy and bumbling robots over the years, but none hold a candle to ''Invader Zims GIR. Quite possibly the most erratic and unhelpful robot to ever hit the screen, GIR has become one of the most loved and often quoted characters to appear in a sci-fi cartoon in years." Lynne Heffley, writing for ''Los Angeles Times'' said "The deliriously original ''Invader Zim'' rocks" offering praise for the show's humor and art-style, calling it a "visual feast of geometric lines, strange angles, vaulting curves, fantastic, transforming machines and odd, shadowed places." Sean Aitchison from '' CBR'' said, "''Invader Zim'' not only holds up incredibly well, it also feels like it was rather ahead of its time and maybe it would have lasted longer today. ..The weird humor, the eccentric characters and even the premise all feel like a show that would have easily gotten green-lit in the modern cartoon renaissance that began with ''Adventure Time''. The show only ran for two seasons, which makes it such a shame when you realize how much it would have thrived in modern times." On the review aggregator website ''Rotten Tomatoes'', ''Invader Zim'' currently holds a 100% approval rating based on 13 reviews. The website's critical consensus for season one reads: "The right balance of dark humor and spastic earnestness make ''Invader Zim'' a creepy kid's cartoon worthy of its cult following."

The now-defunct magazine ''Christian Parenting Today'' negatively criticized ''Invader Zim'' in their May 2001 issue, written by Jennifer Mangan, calling the show "non-Christian", "immoral", "offensive", "blasphemous", "unsuitable for Christian children" and "insulting towards Christian values and beliefs" due to the show's dark nature and negative characters like Gaz and Ms. Bitters, among other complaints. ''Common Sense Medias Andrea Graham wrote more negatively of ''Invader Zim'', praising the show's "laugh-out-loud" humor, but criticizing the way that Zim has a complete lack of concern for all life, how humans are depicted as less-than-intelligent life forms, how human society is depicted as a terrible disgusting place, the very frequent use of verbal insults, and that there is no good messages or good role models in the show. Some parents have criticized ''Invader Zim'' for its pessimistic portrayal of humanity, the near constant-level of screaming among the characters, as well as the large amounts of verbal insults and threats, and the disturbing and disgusting content, calling it "unnecessary", "misanthropic", "too scary for children" and "inappropriate for children." According to director Steve Ressel, Nickelodeon held a test screening for the episode "Dark Harvest" during which one kid ran out of the room crying before the episode was over and others were visibly shaken and clearly terrified at what they saw.

In 2006, '' IGN'' ranked ''Invader Zim'' at number 22 on their list of the Top 25 Primetime Animated Series of All Time and in 2009, ''IGN'' ranked ''Invader Zim'' at number 57 on their list of the Top 100 Animated Series. In 2016, ''Entertainment Weekly'' ranked Zim as the 18th Most Memorable Nickelodeon Character. That same year, '' Screen Rant'' ranked ''Invader Zim'' at number 9 on their list of the 25 Best Nickelodeon Shows and ''The Guardian'' ranked ''Invader Zim'' as the third Best Nickelodeon Cartoon. In 2017, '' CBR'' ranked ''Invader Zim'' at number 5 on their list titled, 15 Incredible Cartoons That Were Canceled For No Good Reason. In 2018, ''Paste Magazine'' ranked ''Invader Zim'' at number 60 on their list of The 100 Best Sci-Fi Shows of All Time. In 2018, ''IGN'' included the episode "The Most Horrible X-Mas Ever" on their list titled, 10 of the Best Holiday TV Episodes Ever.

Ratings

''Invader Zim'' garnered decent ratings for its premiere episode, with a 6.0 rating/17 share (about 1.8 million views) among kids ages 2–11. As the show went on, ratings and viewership began to decline amongst Nickelodeon's target audience of 2–11 year olds.

While ''Invader Zim'' was popular during its original run, Nickelodeon did not think the show was doing well because they were only focusing on a certain age group of viewers: 2–11 year olds. Even though ''Invader Zim'' was praised by critics and popular with viewers ages 14–18, the ratings amongst Nickelodeon's core demographic were just not high enough for the network to justify the expenses being put into the show, as ''Invader Zim'' was the most expensive show they were producing at the time. When Nickelodeon saw that some of their other shows with half the budget of ''Invader Zim'' were getting double the desired ratings amongst the 2–11 year old demographic, canceling the show just seemed to be the logical thing to do from a business perspective.

Despite the poor ratings the show received during its original run, reruns of ''Invader Zim'' tend to receive average to above average views and ratings. In March through July 2010, reruns of ''Invader Zim'' were aired on Nicktoons. These reruns became the second highest-rated show on the network, behind ''Avatar: The Last Airbender''.

Awards and nominations

InvaderCON

''Invader Zim'' has its own fan convention known as InvaderCON, run by Wasabi Anime (also known as "Green Mustard Entertainment"). The initial event was created to celebrate the ten-year anniversary of ''Invader Zim'' and took place in Atlanta, Georgia on March 26–27, 2011. (The convention's date was set exactly ten years, to the weekend, from when the show first premiered: March 30, 2001.) Special guests included cast members Richard Steven Horvitz, Melissa Fahn, Rosearik Rikki Simons, Andy Berman and writer Eric Trueheart. The convention had over a thousand in attendance and featured many ''Invader Zim''-related panels and activities; including a panel where the voice cast read the scripts for the unfinished episodes "Mopiness of Doom" and "Day of da Spookies". One dollar of each ticket purchased for InvaderCON was donated to the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF). The choice of charity was selected by Richard Horvitz, who was one of the first guests to be booked. In the end, InvaderCON raised almost $2,000 for JDRF. InvaderCON was not endorsed, sanctioned or in any other way supported, directly or indirectly, by Viacom International, Inc. or Nickelodeon. But it was confirmed that a few representatives of Nickelodeon attended to observe the turnout and were quoted as being "overwhelmed".

InvaderCON was originally intended to be a one time event, but due to the success of the first InvaderCON and demand from fans, an encore presentation of the convention, InvaderCON II: DOOMCON, took place on July 28–29, 2012, in Los Angeles, California, featuring all of the previous year's guests (except for Andy Berman) with the addition of series creator Jhonen Vasquez, character designer Aaron Alexovich, voice of Professor Membrane Rodger Bumpass, post-production supervisor Jason Stiff, storyboard artist Ian Graham and a surprise appearance from voice of Almighty Tallest Red Wally Wingert. During this convention there was a panel where the voice cast read the script for the unfinished episode "The Trial".

According to InvaderCON's official website:

With over 10,000 fans on Facebook asking for another InvaderCON, Wasabi Anime decided to do InvaderCON "one last time". The third InvaderCON was funded via Kickstarter on June 21 – July 21, 2013. The Kickstarter was a success and exceeded its initial goal of $33,333. Wasabi Anime said they wanted the third InvaderCON to be located "in the middle" of where the previous InvaderCONs were located. Thus, Austin, Texas was chosen as its location since it is approximately 1,000 miles from Atlanta (InvaderCON 2011) and 1,300 miles from Los Angeles (InvaderCON 2012.) InvaderCON III: FINAL DOOM took place on July 26–27, 2014 in Austin, Texas. Special guests included cast members Richard Steven Horvitz, Melissa Fahn, Rosearik Rikki Simons, Rodger Bumpass and writer Eric Trueheart. At this convention there was a panel where the voice cast read the script for the unfinished episode "Ten Minutes to Doom".

Even though InvaderCON III: FINAL DOOM was originally intended to be the last InvaderCON, fans, as well as Wasabi Anime, continued to express interest in doing another InvaderCON. In the years following InvaderCON III: FINAL DOOM, the founder of Wasabi Anime, Tom Croom, repeatedly teased fans on Twitter with the possibilities of another InvaderCON on multiple different occasions.

On August 16, 2019, Wasabi Anime launched a Kickstarter to test the waters for a potential fourth InvaderCON event. The Kickstarter reached its $2,500 goal in just four days. In February 2020, it was officially announced that there would be a fourth InvaderCON event which was originally scheduled to take place in Boston, Massachusetts on August 7–9, 2020, as part of Fan Expo Boston. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it was postponed to August 6–8, 2021, along with Fan Expo Boston. The fourth InvaderCon event was later postponed again indefinitely. On March 30, 2021, InvaderCON hosted a Twitch livestream celebrating the twentieth anniversary of ''Invader Zim''. It featured Richard Horvitz, Rikki Simons, Rodger Bumpass, Melissa Fahn, Olivia d’Abo, Wally Wingert, Aaron Alexovich, Eric Trueheart and Kevin Manthei. On November 13, 2021, Wasabi Anime revealed that they no longer have any plans for another InvaderCON event in the near future, but remain open to the possibilities of another convention.

InvaderCON, unlike some other projects done by Wasabi Anime (such as ''Florida Anime Experience''), is not an annual show done in a city near where Wasabi Anime is located. InvaderCON's attendees at all three conventions were only about 20% locals. Over 80% of InvaderCON attendees came from outside the convention's host state. This made predicting attendance and budgeting for InvaderCON "very tricky and extremely risky" according to Wasabi Anime.

Influence

Bryan Konietzko, the co-creator of the Nickelodeon animated series ''Avatar: The Last Airbender'', was a storyboard artist and art director on ''Invader Zim''. Konietzko has said that the character of Aang was inspired by a drawing of an adult character he had originally designed while working on ''Invader Zim''. When Konietzko first redesigned the character as Aang for ''Avatar: The Last Airbender'' he left visible "traces of Jhonen Vasquez's idiosyncratic style in the character's poses."

Rebecca Sugar, the creator of the Cartoon Network animated series ''Steven Universe'', is a fan of ''Invader Zim'' and has admitted to reading and writing fan fiction and drawing fan art for ''Invader Zim'' when she was a teenager. Sugar has said, "I owe a whole lot to Jhonen Vasquez. His show ''Invader Zim'' was my gateway drug to the independent comic world. ..Someday I hope to meet honen Vasquezand thank him for changing my life." Additionally, Sugar provided the foreword for ''The Art of Invader Zim'', in which she further discussed the positive impact the show has had on her life and career.

Vivienne "VivziePop" Medrano, the creator of ''Hazbin Hotel'' and ''Helluva Boss'', is a fan of ''Invader Zim'' and has gone on to say that ''Invader Zim'' had a "huge influence" on her and her work.

In 2018, Wally Wingert, the voice of Almighty Tallest Red, noted during an interview with ''Den of Geek'' that " e reason other shows like ''Adventure Time'' are ble to do some pretty intense stuffis because the trail was blazed by honen Vasquez When ''Invader Zim'' came out, he intense stuff we did on the showwas the new barometer by which you could get away with something. Up until then, all the other cartoons were relatively tame, but now you're seeing way darker stuff n cartoonsthan we ever did on ''Zim''."

In 2019, '' Screen Rants Maddy Cohen observed that " guably, ''Invader Zim'' is one of the most influential animated shows to come out of he early 2000s with echoes of its humor and tone present in ''Adventure Time'', '' Regular Show'', ''Gravity Falls'', and ''Steven Universe''." That same year, Eric Vilas-Boas from ''Thrillist'' wrote " 'Invader Zim''remained an influential cult classic, informing future cartoons like ''Avatar: The Last Airbender'' all the way up to ''Steven Universe'', ''Gravity Falls'', ''Rick and Morty'', and beyond."

Controversy

''Invader Zim'' became a controversial series when the show was mentioned at Scott Dyleski's murder trial in 2006. Dyleski, who was 17 at the time of the trial, was convicted of murdering his neighbor, and cited the ''Invader Zim'' episode "Dark Harvest" as his motivation for committing the murder. Dyleski said that after watching "Dark Harvest" he became "fascinated with collecting body parts" and "curious as to how the human body would function without certain organs", which inspired the murder—although the people who defended Dyleski said these comments were made in jest.

Related media

Netflix film

On November 8, 2016, ''Harvey Beaks'' and ''Chowder'' creator, C. H. Greenblatt was asked by a fan on Tumblr if he would work with Jhonen Vasquez on an hypothetical ''Invader Zim'' movie, and Greenblatt responded, "Jhonen IS making an ''Invader Zim'' movie for Nick. I'm not a part of it, but I'm excited." However, Vasquez initially denied this on his Twitter, most likely because he was under contract to not say anything at the time and was forced to dismiss it as a rumor.

On April 4, 2017, over sixteen years since the series' debut and eleven years since the last unaired episode premiered in the United States, Nickelodeon officially announced that they had green-lit a 71-minute television film based on the series with three teaser trailers being released in a span of the following four days. Vasquez returned as executive producer and as the voice of Zim's computer, along with Kevin Manthei as the composer and Jenny Goldberg who worked on the Invader Zim comic book series as the Art Director for the movie. Most of the cast members from the television series reprised their roles in the movie including: Richard Steven Horvitz as Zim, Rosearik Rikki Simons as GIR, Andy Berman as Dib, Melissa Fahn as Gaz, Wally Wingert as Almighty Tallest Red, Kevin McDonald as Almighty Tallest Purple, Rodger Bumpass as Professor Membrane, Olivia d'Abo as Tak and Paul Greenberg as Poonchy.

At San Diego Comic-Con 2018, Jhonen Vasquez explained that Nickelodeon had been asking him about doing more ''Invader Zim'' for years and that he always had to decline their offers either because he was busy working on something else or due to not being able to come to an agreement with Nickelodeon on a budget for a ''Invader Zim'' revival. But being completely miserable with the other things he was working on at the time, Vasquez accepted Nickelodeon's latest offer to do more ''Invader Zim''. Nickelodeon initially wanted a new ''Invader Zim'' television series, but Vasquez suggested a six-episode miniseries instead. He soon changed his mind to a television movie, since doing a movie would be "infinitely less stressful".

'' Invader Zim: Enter the Florpus'' had a panel at San Diego Comic-Con on July 20, 2018. During the panel, some never before seen production art such as backgrounds and turn-around charts for the movie were revealed. A trailer put together out of unedited first take animation for the movie was also shown at the panel accompanied by some original music composed for the trailer by Kevin Manthei. During the panel, Vasquez explained that he put the trailer together out of some random animated footage he had for the movie that he thought looked presentable enough to show people and that most of the shots used in the trailer were going to be sent back overseas to be re-animated. Vasquez also revealed that they had written the movie in 2015 and that at the time of the panel, they were currently in the process of getting first take animation back from their overseas animation team, Maven Animation Studios, in South Korea.

On May 10, 2019, Viacom president Robert Bakish revealed in a conference call that Netflix has acquired the distribution rights to ''Invader Zim: Enter the Florpus''. The movie was released on Netflix on August 16, 2019.

Video games

''Invader Zim'' has yet to have a stand-alone video game release, but has been featured in several Nickelodeon related video games.

The 2002 game, ''Nickelodeon Party Blast'' includes Zim as a playable character in every version of the game. There are also multiple ''Invader Zim''-themed stages in ''Nickelodeon Party Blast'', including a level in which the player competes against Dib and Gaz. Although they are not playable characters, GIR can be seen in the background of several levels and Almighty Tallest Purple is shown in the background of the level where the player competes against Dib and Gaz.

In the 2004 Game Boy Advance exclusive game, '' Nicktoons: Freeze Frame Frenzy'', the final stage of the game takes place on Zim's ship and Zim and GIR are the final boss of the game, but Zim becomes a playable character once the photo album is complete. Additionally, GIR, Dib, Gaz, Keef, Dirge, Ms. Bitters (mistakenly called "Mr. Bitters") and Bill the Paranormal Investigator (mistakenly called "Prof. Membrane") appear in the photo album as well as in the background of various levels throughout the game.

Zim's Voot Cruiser and house can be seen briefly in different worlds in the console versions of the 2006 game '' Nicktoons: Battle for Volcano Island''.

In the console versions of the 2007 game '' Nicktoons: Attack of the Toybots'', the EvilToyCo Factory, Zone 3 (Part 2) and the Master Model Chamber are Irken-themed. Additionally, GIR appears in the game as a Master Model ( unlockable) and becomes a playable character once he is rescued. Both Zim and GIR are unlockable and playable characters in the Nintendo DS version of ''Nicktoons: Attack of the Toybots'', although there are no Invader Zim-themed levels in this version of the game.

Both Zim and Dib are playable characters in every version of the 2008 game, '' SpongeBob SquarePants featuring Nicktoons: Globs of Doom''. In the PlayStation 2 and Wii versions of the game, the second world is modeled after and called Zim's Town, and the boss battle of the world takes place inside Zim's house and is against GIR. In the Nintendo DS version of the game, the fifth world takes place on Zim's space station and the boss battle of the world is against The Almighty Tallest.

The 2008 game, ''Nicktoons: Android Invasion'', exclusively released on the educational Didj platform, is set entirely inside Zim's base. Zim is the final boss in the game and several other characters from the series make appearances throughout the game.

The 2009 arcade-exclusive game '' Nicktoons Nitro'' includes Zim as a playable character in his Voot Cruiser, and there is a race course called "Irken City".

Zim and Gaz are playable characters in every version of the 2011 game ''Nicktoons MLB''. GIR appears in the game as one of the announcers, and there is a ballpark called "Irken Field". Other characters from the show appear in the game as cameos when the game is loading and on the character cards.

Zim and GIR are playable characters in the 2019 official mobile game ''Nickelodeon Super Brawl Universe''. There is also a location in the game set inside Zim's base and an ''Invader Zim'' themed challenge called "Doomsday Challenge".

''Invader Zim'' characters and locations are included in the racing game, '' Nickelodeon Kart Racers 2: Grand Prix'', released on October 6, 2020, for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch, and released on December 1, 2020, for Microsoft Windows.

Zim is a playable character in the fighting game, ''Nickelodeon All-Star Brawl'' released on October 5, 2021 for PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Nintendo Switch, and Microsoft Windows.

Zim is a playable character in the mobile game, ''Nickelodeon Extreme Tennis'' released on January 21, 2022 exclusively on Apple Arcade. Zim's secret base is also a location in the game.

The online game ''Smite

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