The
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC ) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations working for the advancement of the chemical sciences, especially by developing nomenclature and terminology. It is ...
(IUPAC) has published four sets of rules to standardize
chemical nomenclature
A chemical nomenclature is a set of rules to generate systematic names for chemical compounds. The nomenclature used most frequently worldwide is the one created and developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
The ...
.
There are two main areas:
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IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry
In chemical nomenclature, the IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry is a systematic method of naming inorganic chemical compounds, as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). It is published in '' Nomencl ...
(Red Book)
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IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry
In chemical nomenclature, the IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry is a method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). It is published in the ''Nomenclature of Or ...
(Blue Book)
Use
IUPAC nomenclature is used for the naming of chemical compounds, based on their chemical composition and their structure.
For example, one can deduce that
1-chloropropane has a Chlorine atom on the first carbon in the 3-carbon propane chain.
History
“Well being” of standardizing science by the nomenclature of scientific terms, measurements, and symbols was one of the primary reasons as to the founding of the organization. Before the creation of IUPAC, many other nomenclatures were proposed. The Geneva Nomenclature of 1892 was created as a result of many other meetings in the past, the first of which was established in 1860 by
August Kekulé
Friedrich August Kekulé, later Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz ( , ; 7 September 1829 – 13 July 1896), was a German organic chemist. From the 1850s until his death, Kekulé was one of the most prominent chemists in Europe, especially ...
. Another entity called the International Association of Chemical Societies (IACS) existed, and on 1911, gave vital propositions the new one should address:
* Nomenclature of inorganic and organic chemistry;
* Standardization of atomic weights;
* Standardization of physical constants;
* Editing tables of properties of matter;
* Establishing a commission for the review of work;
* Standardization of the formats of publications;
* Measures required to prevent repetition of the same papers.
In 1919, a group of chemists created the IUPAC with this idea, as well as the purpose of unionizing scientists and strengthening the international trade of science. IUPAC celebrates its 100th anniversary in 2019 and continues to regulate scientific terminology today.
See also
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Preferred IUPAC name
In chemical nomenclature, a preferred IUPAC name (PIN) is a unique name, assigned to a chemical substance and preferred among the possible names generated by IUPAC nomenclature. The "preferred IUPAC nomenclature" provides a set of rules for cho ...
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IUPAC books
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry publishes many books which contain its complete list of definitions. The definitions are divided into seven "colour books": Gold, Green, Blue, Purple, Orange, White, and Red. There is also an e ...
References
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